Editing Menachem Mendel Schneerson (section)

===Paris===
In 1933, after the [[Adolf Hitler's rise to power|Nazis took over]] [[Weimar Republic|Germany]], the Schneersons left Berlin and moved to Paris, where Menachem Mendel (known as "RaMash" before accepting the leadership of Chabad)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rubin |first=Mordechai |title=A Year of Uncertainty: 10 Images That Tell the Story of the Rebbe's Reluctant Path to Leadership |url=https://www.chabad.org/therebbe/article_cdo/aid/4254749/jewish/A-Year-of-Uncertainty-10-Images-That-Tell-the-Story-of-the-Rebbes-Reluctant-Path-to-Leadership.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116115040/https://www.chabad.org/therebbe/article_cdo/aid/4254749/jewish/A-Year-of-Uncertainty-10-Images-That-Tell-the-Story-of-the-Rebbes-Reluctant-Path-to-Leadership.htm |archive-date=January 16, 2019 |access-date=October 21, 2024 |website=Chabad.org}}</ref>continued his religious and communal activities on behalf of his father-in-law.

While in Paris, he took a two-year course in engineering at a vocational college.<ref>https://www.haaretz.com/2007-02-11/ty-article/the-lubavitcher-rebbe-as-a-god/0000017f-dc1a-df9c-a17f-fe1aa9c40000 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102041753/https://www.haaretz.com/2007-02-11/ty-article/the-lubavitcher-rebbe-as-a-god/0000017f-dc1a-df9c-a17f-fe1aa9c40000?_amp=true |date=January 2, 2023 }} "While in Paris he acquired his only formal education: he took a two year vocational course in electrical engineering at a Montparnase Vocational College where he achieved mediocre grades."</ref>

During that time, Yosef Yitzchak recommended that Professor [[Alexander Barchenko|Alexander Vasilyevitch Barchenko]] consult with Schneerson regarding various religious and mystical matters,<ref>''The Afterlife of Scholarship'' Pg. 76, Fn. 196</ref> and prominent rabbis, such as Yerachmiel Binyaminson and [[Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler]], turned to Schneerson with their rabbinic and kabbalistic queries.<ref>''The Afterlife of Scholarship''. Page 143. {{ISBN|978-0-615-53897-6}}</ref><ref>Schneerson, Menachem M. ''Igrot Kodesh'', vol 1, p 19–23.</ref>

On June 11, 1940, three days before [[German occupation of France during World War II|Paris fell to the Nazis]], the Schneersons fled to [[Vichy]] and later to [[Nice]], where they stayed until their final escape from Europe in 1941.<ref>The Early Years Volume IV, JEM 2008 (ASIN: B001M1Z62I)</ref>