Editing Matariki (section)

=== Puanga and Matariki ===
There has also always been regional variation across Aotearoa, in which stars signal the start of the New Year, and what date is chosen to celebrate it. Some [[iwi]] (tribes) – specifically those in the [[Northland Region|far north]] of Te Ika-a-Māui (the [[North Island]]), the mid-western parts of Te Ika-a-Māui around [[Taranaki]], the [[Chatham Islands]], and much of Te Waipounamu ([[South Island]]) – celebrate Puanga, using the rising of the brighter star [[Rigel]] (''Puanga'' in northern Māori, ''Puaka'' in southern Māori) as the marker of the New Year, instead of Matariki. This is sometimes attributed to Puanga being more visible or visible earlier than Matariki, but, as Rangi Mātāmua puts it, "the variation in the rising between Matariki and Puanga is very small, and if the Tangaroa nights of Piripi are observed correctly, then both stars will be seen in the morning sky."<ref name="Matamua" />{{rp|75}} It has been suggested that that tradition of Puaka belonged to the first Polynesian settlers to arrive in Aotearoa, and Matariki was brought by a second wave of arrivals, who also brought the first kūmara (with which Matariki is associated).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Williams|first=Jim|date=2013|title=Puaka and Matariki: the Māori New Year|url=http://thepolynesiansociety.org/jps/index.php/JPS/article/view/48/48|journal=[[Journal of the Polynesian Society]]|volume=122|issue=1|pages=7–20|doi=10.15286/jps.122.1.7-20|doi-access=free}}</ref>

In Māori tradition the stars Puanga and Matariki were rivals, with Puanga beautifying herself every winter, attempting to be the star beside which the sun rises and signals the New Year, but being eternally frustrated when each year the Sun rose beside Matariki.<ref name="Matamua" />{{rp|75}}

Other iwi use Atutahi ([[Canopus]]) rather than Puanga, or the setting of Rehua ([[Antares]]) in winter, to mark the New Year.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=Matamua|first=Rangi|date=21 May 2021|title=Matariki Dates 2022–2052: Matariki Advisory Committee|url=https://www.mbie.govt.nz/assets/matariki-dates-2022-to-2052-matariki-advisory-group.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702000321/https://www.mbie.govt.nz/assets/matariki-dates-2022-to-2052-matariki-advisory-group.pdf |archive-date=2021-07-02 |url-status=live|access-date=2 August 2021|website=MBIE}}</ref>