Editing Mass media in Venezuela (section)

==Television==
{{Main|Television in Venezuela}}

Television in Venezuela began in 1952 when the dictator [[Marcos Pérez Jiménez]] launched the state channel [[Televisora Nacional]], making [[Venezuela]] the ninth country in the world to have television. By 1963 a quarter of Venezuelan households had television; a figure rising to 45% by 1969 and 85% by 1982.<ref name=Swanson/> Even though the best known television show internationally is President [[Hugo Chávez]]' weekly talkshow ''[[Aló Presidente]]'', there are plenty of well known telenovelas.

The main private television networks are [[RCTV]] (launched 1953, losing its terrestrial broadcast license 2007); [[Venevisión]] (1961); [[Televen]] (1988); [[Globovisión]] (1994). State television includes [[Venezolana de Televisión]] (1964 as a private channel, nationalized in 1974), [[TVes]] (2007), [[ViVe]] (cultural network, 2003) and [[teleSUR]] (Caracas-based pan-[[Latin America]]n channel sponsored by seven Latin American states, 2005). There are also local community-run television stations such as [[Televisora Comunitaria del Oeste de Caracas]] (CatiaTVe, 2001) and a range of regional networks such as [[Zuliana de Televisión]]. The Venezuelan government also provides funding to [[Avila TV]] (2006), [[Buena TV]] and [[Asamblea Nacional TV]] (ANTV, network of the [[National Assembly of Venezuela]], 2005).

In 1998, independent television represented 88% of the 24 national television channels while the other 12% of channels were controlled by the Venezuelan government. By 2014, there were 105 national television channels with only 48 channels, or 46%, representing independent media while the Venezuelan government and the "communitarian channels" it funded accounted for 54% of channels, or the 57 remaining channels.<ref name=JoD>{{cite journal|last1=Corrales|first1=Javier|title=The Authoritarian Resurgence|journal=[[Journal of Democracy]]|date=April 2015|volume=26|issue=2|pages=37–51|doi=10.1353/jod.2015.0031|s2cid=153641967}}</ref>