Editing Manuel II of Portugal (section)

==Revolution==
{{main|5 October 1910 Revolution}}
[[File:EriceiraFamiliaReal.jpg|thumb|right|upright 1.20|Manuel II and the Portuguese Royal Family survived the revolution by fleeing on the royal yacht from the beach below the cliffs at [[Ericeira]].]]
The stability of the government deteriorated; seven governments were established and fell in a period of 24 months. The monarchist parties continued to fragment, while the Republican Party continued to gain ground. The legislative elections on 28 August 1910 had elected 14 new representatives (resulting in an assembly that was divided: 9% Republican, 58% Government and 33% Opposition) which helped the revolutionary cause, but which made little importance since the Setúbal Congress (on 24–25 April 1909) had determined that the Republicans would take power by force.{{sfn|Proença|2006|p=100}} The murder of a prominent republican precipitated the ''coup d'état'' that had been so long in coming.{{sfn|Hindley|1979|p=23}}

During the waning days of King Manuel II's reign, [[João Ferreira Sardo|Prior Sardo]] besought the monarch to bestow [[Gafanha da Nazaré]] with a parish, achieving royal recognition, marking the last town to receive such acknowledgment. This historic event was officially documented in Diário do Governo nº 206 on 16 September 1910.{{sfn|Rezende|1936}}{{page needed |date=May 2024}}

Between 4 and 5 October 1910, the [[5 October 1910 revolution|Republican Revolution]] erupted in the streets of Lisbon. What started as a military coup commenced by soldiers, was joined by some civilians and municipal guards attacking the loyal garrisons and the royal palace, while the guns from the cruiser [[NRP Adamastor|NRP ''Adamastor'']] added to the cannonade. The [[Palace of Necessidades]] (then official residence of the young King) was bombarded, forcing Manuel to move to the [[Mafra National Palace]], where he rendezvoused with his mother, Queen Amélia, and his grandmother, the Queen Mother [[Maria Pia of Savoy]]. There was little apparent popular reaction to these events: pictures from the square in front of the City Hall in Lisbon, where the declaration of the Republic occurred, did not show an overwhelming multitude, and even some in the military were fearful that their actions would not be successful. One republican commander, Admiral Cândido dos Reis, even committed suicide when he believed that the events had not succeeded.

One day later, once it was clear that the Republicans had taken the country, Manuel decided to embark from [[Ericeira]] on the royal yacht ''[[Amélia IV]]'' for [[Porto]], with armed Republicans arriving as the ship departed. It is unclear whether his advisers motivated Manuel to change his intentions{{efn|Commander Castelo Branco had warned the King that it was dangerous to take such a route.}} or whether he was forced to change his destination en route,{{sfn|Honrado|1993|pages=91-93}} but the Royal Family disembarked in [[Gibraltar]] shortly later, after they received notice that Porto had fallen to the Republicans. The [[coup d'état]] was complete, and the Royal Family departed for exile,{{efn|The [[Luís Pinto de Soveral, 1st Marquis of Soveral|Marquês de Soveral]] had already suggested that King [[George V]] send an escort to Gibraltar to protect the Royal Family. In response, the British government suggested that the personal yacht ''Victoria and Albert'' should be sent in order not to create tensions with the republican government in Lisbon.}} arriving in the [[United Kingdom]], where he was received by King [[George V]].