Editing Mallorca (section)

===Middle Ages ===

====Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages====
In 534, Mallorca was recaptured from the [[Vandals]] by the [[Byzantine Empire|Eastern Roman Empire]], led by [[Apollinarius (governor)|Apollinarius]]. Under Roman rule, [[Christianity]] thrived and numerous churches were built.

From 707, the island was increasingly attacked by [[Islam|Muslim]] raiders from North Africa. Recurrent invasions led the islanders to ask [[Charlemagne]] for help.<ref name="The Dark Ages in Mallorca"/>

====Islamic Mallorca====
[[File:Arab baths in palma de mallorca.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Arab Baths in [[Palma, Majorca|Palma]]]]
In 902, Issam al-Khawlani<sup>([[:w:es:Issam al-Khawlaní|es]])([[:w:ca:Issam al-Khawlaní|ca]])</sup> ({{langx|ar|عصام الخولاني}}) [[Muslim conquest of Majorca|conquered the Balearic Islands]], and they became part of the [[Emirate of Córdoba]]. The town of Palma was reshaped and expanded, and became known as Medina Mayurqa. Later on, with the [[Caliphate of Córdoba]] at its height, the [[Muslim]]s improved agriculture with [[irrigation]] and developed local industries.

The caliphate was dismembered in 1015. Mallorca came under rule by the [[Taifa of Dénia]], and from 1087 to 1114, was an [[Taifa of Mallorca|independent Taifa]]. During that period, the island was visited by [[Ibn Hazm]]. However, [[1113–1115 Balearic Islands expedition|an expedition of Pisans and Catalans in 1114–15]], led by [[Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona]], overran the island, laying siege to Palma for eight months. After the city fell, the invaders retreated due to problems in their own lands. They were replaced by the [[Almoravides]] from North Africa, who ruled until 1176. The Almoravides were replaced by the [[Almohad dynasty]] until 1229. [[Abu Yahya Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abi Imran al-Tinmalali|Abu Yahya]] was the last Moorish leader of Mallorca.<ref>[http://mallorcaincognita.com/historymoorish_english.html Moorish Mallorca] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207130604/http://www.mallorcaincognita.com/historymoorish_english.html |date=7 February 2012 }} mallorcaincognita.com, not dated.</ref>

====Medieval Mallorca====
{{Main|Conquest of Majorca}}
In the ensuing confusion and unrest, King [[James I of Aragon|James&nbsp;I of Aragon]], also known as James the Conqueror, launched an [[Conquest of Majorca|invasion]] which landed at [[Santa Ponsa|Santa Ponça]], Mallorca, on 8–9 September 1229 with Catalan forces consisting of 15,000 men and 1,500 horses. His forces entered the city of Medina Mayurqa on 31 December 1229. In 1230, he annexed the island to his [[Crown of Aragon]] under the name [[Kingdom of Majorca|''Regnum Maioricae'']].