Editing Mach's principle (section)

== Variations in the statement of the principle ==

The broad notion that "mass there influences inertia here" has been expressed in several forms.
[[Hermann Bondi]] and Joseph Samuel have listed eleven distinct statements that can be called Mach principles, labelled ''Mach0'' through ''Mach10'' (taking inspiration from the [[Mach number]]).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Bondi, Hermann |author2=Samuel, Joseph |title=The Lense–Thirring Effect and Mach's Principle |arxiv=gr-qc/9607009 |date= July 4, 1996 |doi=10.1016/S0375-9601(97)00117-5 |volume=228 |issue=3 |journal=Physics Letters A |pages=121–126 |bibcode= 1997PhLA..228..121B|s2cid=15625102 }}  A useful review explaining the multiplicity of "Mach principles", which have been invoked in the research literature (and elsewhere).</ref>  Though their list is not necessarily exhaustive, it does give a flavor for the variety possible.

# <li value="0">The universe, as represented by the average motion of distant galaxies, does not appear to rotate relative to local inertial frames.</li>
# Newton's [[gravitational constant]] ''G'' is a [[dynamical field]].
# An isolated body in otherwise empty space has no inertia.
# Local inertial frames are affected by the cosmic motion and distribution of matter.
# The universe is [[Shape of the universe#Curvature of the universe|spatially closed]].
# The total energy, angular and linear momentum of the universe are zero.
# Inertial mass is affected by the global distribution of matter.
# If you take away all matter, there is no more space.
# <math>\Omega\ \stackrel{\text{def}}{=}\ 4 \pi \rho G T^2</math> is a definite number, of order unity, where <math>\rho</math> is the mean density of matter in the universe, and <math>T</math> is the [[Hubble time]].
# The theory contains no absolute elements.
# Overall rigid rotations and translations of a system are unobservable.