Editing Lusitania (section)

=== Territory ===
==== Under Augustus ====
With Lusitania (and [[Asturia]] and [[Gallaecia]]), Rome had completed the conquest of the [[Iberian Peninsula]], which was then divided by [[Augustus]] (25–20 BC<ref>{{cite web | url=https://theancientweb.com/explore/europe/portugal/ | title=The Ancient Lusitanian World | access-date=25 June 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708102459/https://theancientweb.com/explore/europe/portugal/ | archive-date=8 July 2019 | url-status=dead }}</ref> or 16–13 BC<ref name="hdp"/>) into the eastern and northern ''[[Hispania Tarraconensis]],'' the southwestern ''[[Hispania Baetica]]'' and the western ''[[Provincia Lusitana]]''. Originally, Lusitania included the territories of Asturia and Gallaecia, but these were later ceded to the jurisdiction of the new ''[[Provincia Tarraconensis]]'' and the former remained as ''Provincia Lusitania et [[Vettones]]''. Its northern border was along the Douro River, while on its eastern side its border passed through ''[[Salmantica]]'' ([[Salamanca]]) and ''[[Caesarobriga]]'' ([[Talavera de la Reina]]) to the ''[[Anas]]'' ([[Guadiana]]) river.

Between 28 and 24 BC Augustus' military campaigns pacified all Hispania under Roman rule, with the foundation of Roman cities like ''[[Asturica Augusta]]'' ([[Astorga, Spain|Astorga]]) and ''[[Bracara Augusta]]'' ([[Braga]]) to the north, and to the south ''[[Emerita Augusta]]'' ([[Mérida, Spain|Mérida]]) (settled with the [[emeriti]] of the [[Legio V Alaudae]] and [[Legio X Gemina]] [[Roman legion|legions]]).

==== ''Conventus Iuridicus'' ====
Between the time of [[Augustus]] and [[Claudius]], the province was divided into three [[conventus iuridicus]], territorial units presided by capital cities with a court of justice and joint Roman/indigenous people assemblies (conventus), that counseled the Governor:

*''[[Conventus Emeritensis]]'', with capital in ''[[Emerita Augusta]]'' ([[Mérida, Spain|Mérida]], Spain)
*''[[Conventus Scalabitanus]]'', with capital in [[Scalabis|''Scalabis Iulia'']] ([[Santarém, Portugal|Santarém]], Portugal)
*''[[Conventus Pacensis]]'', with capital in [[Pax Julia|''Pax Iulia'']] ([[Beja (Portugal)|Beja]], Portugal)

The ''conventus'' ruled of a total of forty-six populis. Five were [[Colonia (Roman)|Roman colonies]]:<ref>{{Cite book |last=García y Bellido |first=Antonio |url=https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/descargaPdf/las-colonias-romanas-de-la-provincia-lusitania-0 |title=Las colonias romanas de la provincia Lusitania |publisher=Gabinete de Antigüedades de la Real Academia de la Historia |year=1958 |access-date=2023-06-01 |archive-date=2023-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601191931/https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/descargaPdf/las-colonias-romanas-de-la-provincia-lusitania-0 |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[Emerita Augusta]]'' ([[Mérida, Spain|Mérida]], Spain), ''[[Pax Iulia]]'' ([[Beja (Portugal)|Beja]]), ''[[Scalabis]]'' ([[Santarém, Portugal|Santarém]]), ''[[Norba Caesarina]]'' ([[Cáceres, Spain|Cáceres]]) and ''[[Metellinum]]'' ([[Medellín, Spain|Medellín]]). ''[[Felicitas Iulia Olisipo]]'' ([[Lisbon]], which was a [[Roman law]] municipality) and three other towns had the old Latin status:<ref>{{Cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JZLW4-wba7UC&q=lusitania+coloniae&pg=PA456 | title = The Cambridge Ancient History | isbn = 9780521264303 | last1 = Bowman | first1 = Alan K | last2 = Champlin | first2 = Edward | last3 = Lintott | first3 = Andrew | date = 1996-02-08| publisher = Cambridge University Press }}</ref> ''[[Ebora]]'' ([[Évora]]), ''[[Myrtilis Iulia]]'' ([[Mértola]]) and ''Salacia'' ([[Alcácer do Sal]]). The other thirty-seven were of ''[[stipendiarii]]'' class, among which ''[[Aeminium]]'' ([[Coimbra]]), [[Balsa (Roman town)|''Balsa'']] ([[Tavira]]), or [[Miróbriga|''Mirobriga'']] ([[Santiago do Cacém]]). Other cities include [[Ossonoba (Roman city)|''Ossonoba'']] ([[Faro, Portugal|Faro]]), ''[[Cetobriga]]'' ([[Setúbal]]), ''[[Collippo]]'' ([[Leiria]]) or [[Arabriga (Roman city)|''Arabriga'']] ([[Alenquer Municipality, Portugal|Alenquer]]).

==== Under Diocletian ====
Under [[Diocletian]], Lusitania kept its borders and was ruled by a ''[[praeses]]'', later by a ''[[consularis]].''

==== Roman diocese ====
Finally, in 298 AD, Lusitania was united with the other provinces to form the ''[[Diocesis Hispaniarum]]'' ("[[Roman diocese|Diocese]] of the Hispanias").
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Lusitania province territory ">
File:Hispania 2a division provincial.svg|Roman Hispania under [[Augustus]]: ''[[Hispania Tarraconensis|Tarraconensis]],''  ''[[Hispania Baetica|Baetica]]'' and  ''Lusitana''
File:Conventushispanus.svg|Roman Hispania after [[Claudius]]: [[Conventus iuridicus|''Conventus juridici'']] (''Emeritensis,''  ''Scalabitanus'' and  ''Pacensis)''
File:Iberia 293.svg|Roman Hispania under [[Diocletian]]:  Lusitania found in the west
File:Roman Empire with dioceses in 300 AD.png|Roman Empire in 300 AD: ''[[Diocesis Hispaniarum]]'' in the west
</gallery>