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==== Rediscovered ==== ===== Egypt ===== * [[Akhetaten]] β capital during the reign of 18th Dynasty [[pharaoh]] [[Akhenaten]]. Later abandoned, almost totally destroyed. Modern day [[Amarna]]. * [[Avaris]] β capital city of the [[Hyksos]] in the [[Nile Delta]]. * [[Canopus, Egypt|Canopus]] β located on the now-dry Canopic branch of the [[Nile]], east of [[Alexandria]]. * [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]] β administrative capital of ancient Egypt. Little remains. Now a UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]]. * [[Pi-Ramesses]] β imperial city of Rameses the Great, now thought to exist beneath Qantir * [[Tanis]] β capital during the 21st and 22nd Dynasties, in the Delta region. ===== Maghreb ===== * [[Carthage]] β initially a [[Phoenicia]]n city in [[Tunisia]], destroyed and then rebuilt by Rome. Later served as the capital of the [[Vandal Kingdom]] of North Africa, before being destroyed by the Arabs after its capture in 697 CE. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. * [[Dougga]], [[Tunisia]] β Roman city located in present-day Tunisia. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. * [[Leptis Magna]] β [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] city located in present-day [[Libya]]. It was the birthplace of Emperor [[Septimius Severus]], who lavished an extensive public works program on the city, including diverting the course of a nearby river. The river later returned to its original course, burying much of the city in silt and sand. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. * [[Timgad]], [[Algeria]] β Roman city founded by the emperor Trajan around 100 CE, covered by sand in the 7th century. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. * [[Aoudaghost]], [[Mauritania]] β wealthy [[Berber people|Berber]] city in [[Ghana Empire|medieval Ghana]]. ===== Horn of Africa ===== * [[Adulis]], [[Eritrea]] β a port city of the Aksumite kingdom built between 500 and 300 BC. * [[Qohaito]], [[Eritrea]] β 1000 BC city of the [[Kingdom of Axum]]. * [[Metera]], [[Eritrea]] β 800 BC lost town. * [[Keskese]], [[Eritrea]] β 700 BC lost city. * [[Hubat]], [[Ethiopia]] β capital of [[Harla Kingdom]] ===== Subsaharan Africa ===== * [[Great Zimbabwe]] β built between the 11th and the 14th century, this city is the namesake of modern-day [[Zimbabwe]]. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. * [[Niani, Guinea|Niani]], [[Guinea]] β lost capital of the [[Mali Empire]]
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