Editing London Waterloo station (section)

===Rebuilding===
[[File:Waterloo Station Victory Arch.jpg|thumb|The Victory Arch, the station's main entrance, was constructed by [[James Robb Scott]] and commemorates Britain's involvement in [[World War I]].]]
The L&SWR spent the 1880s and 1890s trying to finalise plans to continue the line beyond Waterloo to the City. An overhead line was proposed in 1882, and again in 1891, but both times was rejected due to cost. In 1893, an act was passed for a tube railway. On 8 August 1898, the company opened the [[Waterloo & City line]], a [[deep level underground]] railway that ran directly between Waterloo and [[Bank–Monument station]] in the City.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=219}} This gave the company the direct commuter service it had long desired (albeit with the need to change from surface to underground lines at Waterloo).{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=219}} With Waterloo now destined to remain a terminus station, and with the old station becoming a source of increasingly bad will and publicity amongst the travelling public, the L&SWR decided on total rebuilding, in a project they called the "Great Transformation"{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=223}}{{sfn|Christopher|2015|p=26}}

Legal powers to carry out the work were granted in 1899 and 1900. About {{convert|6.5|acre}} of land was purchased to accommodate the new building, which included six streets (and part of two others), along with All Saints' Church. The L&SWR built six blocks of flats to rehouse around 1,750 people as compensation for those displaced. Extensive groundwork and [[Slum clearance in the United Kingdom|slum clearance]] were carried out before construction on the terminus proper began, including several rundown buildings that had been extensively used for prostitution.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=223}} By 1903, the land had been cleared for work to start.{{sfn|Christopher|2015|p=26}}

[[File:Old railway company titles in London, 2013 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|The early 20th-century reconstruction of Waterloo included a [[stained glass]] window with the [[London and South Western Railway]]'s crest.]]
The new station was opened in stages. It was partially ready in 1909, with the main booking hall opening on 11 June 1911.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=224}} A vehicular roadway to the station opened on 18 December 1911.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=227}} The connection to Waterloo Junction was removed in March that year, but a [[siding (rail)|siding]] remained until 3 May 1925. The bridge remained in place and was used as a walkway between the two stations.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=229}} Construction of the main station continued sporadically throughout [[World War I]], and the new station finally opened in 1922, with 21 platforms and a {{convert|700|ft|adj=on}} long concourse.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|pp=226–229}} The roof and platforms were initially designed by J. W. Jacomb-Hood, who travelled to the US to look at station designs for inspiration.{{sfn|Christopher|2015|p=29}} Following Jacomb-Hood's death in 1914, work was taken over by [[Alfred W. Szlumper|Alfred Weeks Szlumper]].{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=223}} It was built in an Imperial Baroque style out of [[Portland stone]].{{sfn|Christopher|2015|p=29}} [[James Robb Scott]] designed the office range. The new station included a large [[stained glass]] window depicting the L&SWR's company crest over the main road entrance, surrounded by a [[frieze]] listing the [[Counties of England|counties]] served by the railway (the latter still survives today). These features were retained in the design, despite the fact that, by the time the station opened, the [[Railways Act 1921]] had been passed, which spelt the end of the L&SWR as an independent concern.{{sfn|Marsden|1981|pp=2–3}}

Waterloo was a major terminal station for soldiers in World War I, and for sailors travelling to Southampton for the [[British Expeditionary Force (World War I)|British Expeditionary Force]]. It also handled ambulance trains and mail from overseas. A free buffet operated at the station between December 1915 and April 1920. The station itself saw little damage, except for an explosion on one of the lines on 29 September 1917.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=232}}

The rebuilt station was formally opened on 21 March 1922 by [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary]].{{sfn|Jackson|1984|p=231}} The main pedestrian entrance, the Victory Arch (known as Exit 5), was designed by Scott and is a memorial to company staff who were killed during the war. Upon opening, it marked 585 employees who had been killed in World War I. It was flanked by two sculptures featuring Roman goddesses; "1914" with [[Bellona (goddess)|Bellona]] in armour with a sword and torch, and "1918" showing [[Pax (goddess)|Pax, the goddess of Peace]] sitting on Earth.{{sfn|Jackson|1984|pp=229–230}}