Editing Lomé (section)

==Climate==
Owing to its location in the [[Dahomey Gap]], Lomé has a [[tropical savanna climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Aw''/''As'') despite its latitude close to the equator. The capital of Togo is relatively dry with an annual average rainfall of {{convert|800|to|900|mm|in|0}} and on average 59 rainy days per year. Despite this, the city experiences heavy fog most of the year from the northern extension of the [[Benguela Current]] and receives a total of 2,330 bright sunshine hours annually. Comparably dry inland West African cities like [[Bamako]] or [[Kano (city)|Kano]] expect between 2,900 and 3,000 hours of sunshine annually.

The annual mean temperature is about {{convert|26.9|°C|°F|1|disp=or}} but heat is constant as monthly mean temperatures range from {{convert|24.9|°C|°F|1|disp=or}} in July, the least hot month of the year to {{convert|29.6|°C|°F|1|disp=or}} in February and in April, the hottest months of the year.

{{Weather box|width = auto
|location = Lomé ([[Lomé Airport]]) 1991-2020 normals, extremes 1892-present
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan record high C = 35.7
|Feb record high C = 36.4
|Mar record high C = 36.3
|Apr record high C = 35.0
|May record high C = 34.8
|Jun record high C = 36.4
|Jul record high C = 32.8
|Aug record high C = 36.5
|Sep record high C = 35.5
|Oct record high C = 33.8
|Nov record high C = 38.1
|Dec record high C = 36.7
|year record high C = 38.1
 | Jan high C = 32.8
 | Feb high C = 33.5
 | Mar high C = 33.4
 | Apr high C = 33.1
 | May high C = 32.4
 | Jun high C = 30.6
 | Jul high C = 29.3
 | Aug high C = 28.9
 | Sep high C = 29.9
 | Oct high C = 31.4
 | Nov high C = 32.9
 | Dec high C = 33.2
 | year high C = 31.8

 | Jan mean C = 28.4
 | Feb mean C = 29.4
 | Mar mean C = 29.6
 | Apr mean C = 29.3
 | May mean C = 28.6
 | Jun mean C = 27.3
 | Jul mean C = 26.5
 | Aug mean C = 26.2
 | Sep mean C = 26.9
 | Oct mean C = 27.7
 | Nov mean C = 28.8
 | Dec mean C = 28.8
 | year mean C = 28.1

 | Jan low C = 24.0
 | Feb low C = 25.5
 | Mar low C = 25.9
 | Apr low C = 25.6
 | May low C = 24.9
 | Jun low C = 24.1
 | Jul low C = 23.8
 | Aug low C = 23.4
 | Sep low C = 23.8
 | Oct low C = 24.0
 | Nov low C = 24.8
 | Dec low C = 24.4
 | year low C = 24.5

|Jan record low C = 15.2
|Feb record low C = 16.7
|Mar record low C = 19.9
|Apr record low C = 20.0
|May record low C = 19.2
|Jun record low C = 18.0
|Jul record low C = 16.7
|Aug record low C = 17.1
|Sep record low C = 18.0
|Oct record low C = 16.4
|Nov record low C = 18.6
|Dec record low C = 15.6
|year record low C = 15.2
 | precipitation colour = green
 | Jan precipitation mm = 13.3
 | Feb precipitation mm = 16.4
 | Mar precipitation mm = 67.3
 | Apr precipitation mm = 97.3
 | May precipitation mm = 148.8
 | Jun precipitation mm = 180.5
 | Jul precipitation mm = 74.4
 | Aug precipitation mm = 30.1
 | Sep precipitation mm = 72.3
 | Oct precipitation mm = 101.9
 | Nov precipitation mm = 20.4
 | Dec precipitation mm = 7.6
 | year precipitation mm = 830.3

 | unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
 | Jan precipitation days = 1.2
 | Feb precipitation days = 1.9
 | Mar precipitation days = 4.5
 | Apr precipitation days = 7.5
 | May precipitation days = 11.9
 | Jun precipitation days = 14.4
 | Jul precipitation days = 8.4
 | Aug precipitation days = 7.0
 | Sep precipitation days = 10.0
 | Oct precipitation days = 9.4
 | Nov precipitation days = 3.2
 | Dec precipitation days = 0.7
 | year precipitation days = 80.1
|Jan humidity = 79
|Feb humidity = 81
|Mar humidity = 82
|Apr humidity = 82
|May humidity = 84
|Jun humidity = 86
|Jul humidity = 87
|Aug humidity = 86
|Sep humidity = 86
|Oct humidity = 85
|Nov humidity = 84
|Dec humidity = 82
|year humidity = 84
|Jan sun = 222.4
|Feb sun = 214.8
|Mar sun = 228.0
|Apr sun = 218.0
|May sun = 217.8
|Jun sun = 141.3
|Jul sun = 135.4
|Aug sun = 147.5
|Sep sun = 168.4
|Oct sun = 218.0
|Nov sun = 240.6
|Dec sun = 227.2
|year sun = 2379.4
|source 1 = [[NOAA]] (humidity and sunshine 1961–1990)<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Togo/CSV/LOME_65387.csv
|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Lome
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = January 10, 2024}}</ref><ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/TG/65387.TXT
| title = Lomé Climate Normals 1961–1990
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 18 December 2018}}</ref> 
|source 2 = Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)<ref name = meteoclimat>
{{cite web 
| url = http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/station-811-Lome.php
| title = Station Lome
| publisher = Météo Climat 
| language = fr 
| access-date = 18 December 2018}}</ref>
}}

=== Climate change ===
A 2019 paper published in [[PLOS One]] estimated that under [[Representative Concentration Pathway#4.5|Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5]], a "moderate" scenario of [[climate change]] where global warming reaches ~{{convert|2.5-3|C-change|F-change}} by 2100, the climate of Lomé in the year 2050 would most closely resemble the current climate of [[Managua]] in [[Nicaragua]]. The annual temperature would increase by {{convert|1|C-change|F-change}}, the temperature of the warmest month by {{convert|1.6|C-change|F-change}}, and of the coldest month by {{convert|2.1|C-change|F-change}}.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bastin |first1=Jean-Francois |last2=Clark |first2=Emily |last3=Elliott |first3=Thomas |last4=Hart |first4=Simon |last5=van den Hoogen |first5=Johan |last6=Hordijk |first6=Iris |last7=Ma |first7=Haozhi |last8=Majumder |first8=Sabiha |last9=Manoli |first9=Gabriele |last10=Maschler |first10=Julia |last11=Mo |first11=Lidong |last12=Routh |first12=Devin |last13=Yu |first13=Kailiang |last14=Zohner |first14=Constantin M. |last15=Thomas W. |first15=Crowther |title=Understanding climate change from a global analysis of city analogues |journal=PLOS ONE |date=10 July 2019 |volume=14 |issue=7 |at=S2 Table. Summary statistics of the global analysis of city analogues. |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0217592 |pmid=31291249 |pmc=6619606 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://crowtherlab.pageflow.io/cities-of-the-future-visualizing-climate-change-to-inspire-action |title=Cities of the future: visualizing climate change to inspire action |at=Current vs. future cities |access-date=8 January 2023}}</ref> According to [[Climate Action Tracker]], the current warming trajectory appears consistent with {{convert|2.7|C-change|F-change}}, which closely matches RCP 4.5.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://climateactiontracker.org/global/cat-thermometer/ |title=The CAT Thermometer |access-date=8 January 2023}}</ref>

Moreover, according to the 2022 [[IPCC Sixth Assessment Report]], Lomé is one of 12 major African cities ([[Abidjan]], [[Alexandria]], [[Algiers]], [[Cape Town]], [[Casablanca]], [[Dakar]], [[Dar es Salaam]], [[Durban]], [[Lagos]], Lomé, [[Luanda]] and [[Maputo]]) which would be the most severely affected by the future [[sea level rise]]. It estimates that they would collectively sustain cumulative damages of USD 65 billion under RCP 4.5 and USD 86.5 billion for the high-emission scenario RCP 8.5 by the year 2050. Additionally, RCP 8.5 combined with the hypothetical impact from [[marine ice sheet instability]] at high levels of warming would involve up to 137.5 billion USD in damages, while the additional accounting for the "low-probability, high-damage events" may increase aggregate risks to USD 187 billion for the "moderate" RCP4.5, USD 206 billion for RCP8.5 and USD 397 billion under the high-end ice sheet instability scenario.<ref>Trisos, C.H., I.O. Adelekan, E. Totin, A. Ayanlade, J. Efitre, A. Gemeda, K. Kalaba, C. Lennard, C. Masao, Y. Mgaya, G. Ngaruiya, D. Olago, N.P. Simpson, and S. Zakieldeen 2022: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_Chapter09.pdf Chapter 9: Africa]. In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/ Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability] [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke,V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 2043–2121</ref> Since sea level rise would continue for about 10,000 years under every scenario of climate change, future costs of sea level rise would only increase, especially without adaptation measures.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf |title=Technical Summary. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |date=August 2021 |publisher=IPCC |page=TS14 |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
|+Lomé mean sea temperature
|-
!Jan
!Feb
!Mar
!Apr
!May
!Jun
!Jul
!Aug
!Sep
!Oct
!Nov
!Dec
|-
|{{convert|28|°C}}
|{{convert|28|°C}}
|{{convert|29|°C}}
|{{convert|29|°C}}
|{{convert|29|°C}}
|{{convert|28|°C}}
|{{convert|26|°C}}
|{{convert|25|°C}}
|{{convert|25|°C}}
|{{convert|27|°C}}
|{{convert|28|°C}}
|{{convert|28|°C}}
|}