Editing Lake Malawi (section)

==Borders==
[[File:Malawi-Tanzania border dispute.png|thumb|Dashed line: current [[Malawi]] border <br>Dotted line: [[Tanzania]]n claim]]

===Tanzania–Malawi dispute===
The partition of the lake's surface area between Malawi and Tanzania is under dispute. Tanzania claims that the international border runs through the middle of the lake.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Govt clarifies on Tanzania-Malawi border | url=http://www.kforumonline.com/viewtopic.php?t=712&sid=6ff7f94b3f06010d9542913ba89b2ac2 | date=1 August 2007 | newspaper=Daily News (via KForum) | location=Dar es Salaam, Tanzania | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713145107/http://www.kforumonline.com/viewtopic.php?t=712&sid=6ff7f94b3f06010d9542913ba89b2ac2 | archive-date=13 July 2011 | url-status=dead | access-date=26 January 2009 }}</ref> On the other hand, Malawi claims the whole of the surface of this lake that is not in Mozambique, including the waters that are next to the shoreline of Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite news | author=Kamlomo, Gabriel | date=27 August 2012 | title=Malawi optimistic on Tanzania border dispute | newspaper=The Daily Times | location=Malawi | url=http://www.bnltimes.com/index.php/daily-times/headlines/national/11397-malawi-optimistic-on-tanzania-border-dispute | access-date=5 September 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905020520/http://www.bnltimes.com/index.php/daily-times/headlines/national/11397-malawi-optimistic-on-tanzania-border-dispute | archive-date=5 September 2012 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Both sides cite the [[Heligoland Treaty|Heligoland Treaty of 1890]] between the United Kingdom and Germany concerning the border. The wrangle in this dispute occurred when the British colonial government, just after they had captured Tanganyika from Germany, placed all of the waters of the lake under a single jurisdiction, that of the territory of [[Nyasaland]], without a separate administration for the [[Tanganyika (territory)|Tanganyika]]n portion of the surface. Later in colonial times, two jurisdictions were established.<ref name="Mayall">{{Cite journal|author=Mayall, James|year=1973|title=The Malawi-Tanzania Boundary Dispute|journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies|volume=11|number=4|pages=611–628|jstor=161618|doi=10.1017/s0022278x00008776|s2cid=154785268}}</ref>

The dispute came to a head in 1967 when Tanzania officially protested to Malawi; however nothing was settled.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chitsulo, Kondwani |date=3 September 2012 |title=JB Meets Opposition Leaders On Tanzania Again |newspaper=Malawi Voice |url=http://www.malawivoice.com/2012/09/03/jb-meets-opposition-leaders-on-tanzania-again-journalists-bared-from-asking-questions-after-waiting-for-5-hours-no-food-no-allowance-77011/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130128062051/http://www.malawivoice.com/2012/09/03/jb-meets-opposition-leaders-on-tanzania-again-journalists-bared-from-asking-questions-after-waiting-for-5-hours-no-food-no-allowance-77011/ |archive-date=28 January 2013 |url-status=dead |access-date=5 September 2012 }}</ref> Occasional flare-ups of conflict occurred during the 1990s and in the 21st century.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Joel, Lawi|date=15 August 2012|title=Tanzania: Life Continues on Lake Nyasa Despite Border Dispute|newspaper=Daily News|location=Dar es Salaam, Tanzania|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208150072.html}}</ref> In 2012, Malawi's oil exploration initiative brought the issue to the fore, with Tanzania demanding that exploration cease until the dispute was settled.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 August 2012|title=Malawi: Old Border Dispute With Tanzania Over Lake Malawi Flares Up Again|publisher=Institute for Security Studies|location=Pretoria, South Africa|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208130878.html}}</ref>

===Malawi–Mozambique border===
In 1954, an agreement was signed between the [[British Empire|British]] and the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] making the middle of the lake their boundary with the exception of [[Chizumulu Island]] and [[Likoma Island]], which were kept by the British and are now part of Malawi.<ref name="Mayall" />