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=== Mammals === [[File:Из жизни байкальской нерпы близ Ушканьих островов 02.jpg|thumb|right|Baikal seal]] The [[Baikal seal]] or ''nerpa'' (''Pusa sibirica'') is endemic to Lake Baikal.<ref>Peter Saundry. 2010. [http://www.eoearth.org/wiki/Baikal_seal ''Baikal seal'']. Encyclopedia of Earth. Topic ed. C. Michael Hogan, Ed. in chief C. NCSE, Washington D.C.</ref> A wide range of land mammals can be found in the habitats around the lake, such as the [[brown bear]] (''Ursus arctos''), [[Eurasian wolf]] (''Canis lupus lupus''), [[red fox]] (''Vulpes vulpes''), [[sable]] (''Martes zibellina''), [[stoat]] (''Mustela erminea''), [[least weasel]] (''[[Mustela nivalis]]''), [[Eurasian otter]] (''Lutra lutra''), [[snow leopard]] (''Panthera uncia''), [[Siberian tiger]] (''[[Panthera tigris tigris]]''), [[Amur leopard]] (''[[Panthera pardus orientalis]]''), [[moose]] (''Alces alces''), [[elk]] (''Cervus canadensis''), [[reindeer]] (''Rangifer tarandus''), [[Siberian roe deer]] (''Capreolus pygargus''), [[Siberian musk deer]] (''Moschus moschiferus''), [[wild boar]] (''Sus scrofa''), [[red squirrel]] (''Sciurus vulgaris''), [[Siberian chipmunk]] (''Eutamias sibiricus''), [[marmot]]s (''Marmota'' sp.), [[lemming]]s (''Lemmus'' sp.), and [[mountain hare]] (''Lepus timidus'').<ref>{{cite web| title=Wildlife of Lake Baikal | url=http://www.bww.irk.ru/baikalfauna/baikalwildlife.html | publisher=bww.irk.ru | access-date=9 June 2017}}</ref> Until the [[Early Middle Ages]], populations of the [[European bison]] (''Bison bonasus'') were found near the lake; this represented the easternmost range of the species.<ref>Sipko P.T.. 2009. [http://www.smz.waw.pl/wydawnictwa/biuletyn2/20_Sipko.pdf European bison in Russia – past, present and future] (pdf). the European Bison Conservation Newsletter Vol 2 (2009). pp.148–159. the Institute of Problems Ecology and Evolution RAS. Retrieved on 31 March 2017</ref>
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