Editing Kariba Dam (section)

=== Population displacement and resettlement ===
{{multiple image
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The creation of the reservoir forced resettlement of about 57,000 Tonga people living along the Zambezi on both sides.<ref>{{cite web |last=Terminski |first= Bogumil |year=2013 |title=Development-Induced Displacement and Resettlement: Theoretical Frameworks and Current Challenges |publisher= Indiana University |url=http://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/dlc/handle/10535/8833?show=full}}</ref>  

There are many different perspectives on how much resettlement aid was given to the displaced Tonga. British author [[David Armine Howarth|David Howarth]] described the efforts in Northern Rhodesia:

{{Blockquote|"Everything that a government can do on a meagre budget is being done. Demonstration gardens have been planted, to try to teach the Tonga more sensible methods of agriculture, and to try to find cash crops that they can grow. The hilly land has been plowed in ridge contours to guard against erosion. In Sinazongwe, an irrigated garden has grown a prodigious crop of pawpaws, bananas, oranges, lemons, and vegetables, and shown that the remains of the valley could be made prolific if only money could be found for irrigation. Cooperative markets have been organized, and Tonga are being taught to run them. Enterprising Tonga have been given loans to set themselves up as farmers. More schools have been built than the Tonga ever had before, and most of the Tonga are now within reach of dispensaries and hospitals."<ref>Howarth, David, ''The Shadow of the Dam''. Collins, 1961</ref>}}

[[Anthropology|Anthropologist]] [[Thayer Scudder]], who has studied these communities since the late 1950s, wrote:

{{quote|"Today, most are still 'development refugees'. Many live in less-productive, problem-prone areas, some of which have been so seriously degraded within the last generation that they resemble lands on the edge of the Sahara Desert."<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://209.200.101.189/publications/csq/csq-article.cfm?id=971
|title=Pipe Dreams: Can the Zambezi River supply the region's water needs?
|magazine=Cultural Survival Quarterly
|access-date=2007-07-31
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222405/http://209.200.101.189/publications/csq/csq-article.cfm?id=971
|archive-date=2007-09-27
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>}}

American writer [[Jacques Leslie]], in ''Deep Water'' (2005), focused on the plight of the people displaced by Kariba Dam, and found the situation little changed since the 1970s. In his view, Kariba remains the worst dam-resettlement disaster in African history.<ref>{{cite magazine
 |url=https://www.cjr.org/issues/2005/5/Vanderbilt.asp 
 |title=When Elephants Fight 
 |magazine=Columbia Journalism Review 
 |access-date=2007-07-31  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930023600/https://www.cjr.org/issues/2005/5/Vanderbilt.asp 
 |archive-date=2007-09-30 
 |url-status=dead 
}}
</ref>

==== Basilwizi Trust ====
[[Image:KaribaDam.jpg|thumb|right|The dam as seen from [[Zimbabwe]]]]
In an effort to regain control of their lives, the local people who were displaced by the Kariba dam's reservoir formed the Basilwizi Trust in 2002. The Trust seeks mainly to improve the lives of people in the area through organizing development projects and serving as a conduit between the people of the Zambezi Valley and their country's decision-making process. <ref>{{cite web|title=Basilwizi Trust: About Us|url=http://www.basilwizi.org/category/basilwizi/about-us/|access-date=2020-12-09|website=www.basilwizi.org|publisher=Basilwizi}}
</ref>