Editing Kalinago (section)

==Kalinago people today==
[[File:CaribanLang02.png|thumb|Distribution of Cariban languages in South America<ref>{{cite book|first=Nicholas|last=Ostler|title=Empires of the Word: A Language History of the World|url=https://archive.org/details/empiresofwordl00ostl|url-access=registration|year=2005|page=[https://archive.org/details/empiresofwordl00ostl/page/362 362]|publisher=Harper Collins |isbn=9780066210865|author-link=Nicholas Ostler}}</ref>]]
[[File:CaribWarriorbyGeorgeSStuart.jpg|thumb|upright|Carib Warrior (mixed media [[wax sculpture]] by artist [[George S. Stuart]])]]

{{As of|2008}}, a small population of around 3,400 Kalinago survived in the [[Kalinago Territory]] in northeast Dominica, of whom some 70 "defined themselves as 'pure'".<ref>{{cite web |title=Refworld &#124; World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Dominica : Caribs |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/49749d2f2.html}}</ref> The Kalinago of Dominica maintained their independence for many years by taking advantage of the island's rugged terrain. The island's east coast includes a {{convert|3700|acre|km2|adj=on}} territory formerly known as the [[Carib Territory]] that was granted to the people by the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British government]] in 1903. The Dominican Kalinago elect their own chief. In July 2003, the Kalinago observed 100 Years of Territory, and in July 2014, Charles Williams was elected Kalinago Chief, succeeding Chief Garnette Joseph.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.avirtualdominica.com/project/kalinago-people/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101026103236/http://avirtualdominica.com/caribs.htm|url-status=dead|title=Kalinago People &#124; &#124; a virtual Dominica|archive-date=October 26, 2010}}</ref>

Several hundred Carib descendants live in the [[United States Virgin Islands|U. S. Virgin Islands]], [[Saint Kitts and Nevis|St. Kitts & Nevis]], [[Antigua and Barbuda|Antigua & Barbuda]], [[Guadeloupe]], [[Martinique]], [[Dominica]], [[Saint Lucia]], [[Grenada]], [[Trinidad]] and [[Saint Vincent (Antilles)|St. Vincent]]. "[[Black Caribs]]," the descendants of the mixture of Africans live in [[Saint Vincent (Antilles)|St. Vincent]] whose total population is unknown. Some ethnic Carib communities remain on the American mainland, in countries such as [[Guyana]] and [[Suriname]] in South America, and [[Belize]] in Central America. The size of these communities varies widely.{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}

During the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Island Carib population in [[Saint Vincent (Antilles)|St. Vincent]] was greater than that in Dominica. Both the Island Caribs (Yellow Caribs) and the Black Caribs ([[Garifuna]]) fought against the [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] during the [[Second Carib War]]. After the end of the war, the British deported the [[Garifuna]] (a population of 4,338) to [[Roatan Island]], while the Island Caribs (whose population consisted of 80 people) were allowed to stay on St. Vincent.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q_1c9KuQ32EC&pg=PA66|title=Garífuna, Garínagu, Caribe: historia de una nación libertaria|first=Francesca|last=Gargallo|date=August 4, 2002|publisher=Siglo XXI|isbn=9682323657|via=Google Books}}</ref> The 1812 eruption of [[La Soufrière (volcano)|La Soufrière]] destroyed the Carib territory, killing a majority of the Yellow Caribs. After the eruption, 130 Yellow Caribs and 59 Black Caribs survived on [[Saint Vincent (Antilles)|St. Vincent]]. Unable to recover from the damage caused by the eruption, 120 of the Yellow Caribs, under Captain Baptiste, emigrated to Trinidad. In 1830, the Carib population numbered less than 100.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lTgIOFMw5GsC&pg=PA152|title=The Black Carib Wars: Freedom, Survival, and the Making of the Garifuna|first=Chris|last=Taylor|date=May 3, 2012|publisher=Univ. Press of Mississippi|isbn=9781617033100|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IOHwmM7ASwIC&pg=PA208|title=The Rapid Growth of Human Populations, 1750-2000: Histories, Consequences, Issues, Nation by Nation|first=William|last=Stanton|date=August 4, 2003|publisher=multi-science publishing|isbn=9780906522219|via=Google Books}}</ref> The population made a remarkable recovery after that, although almost the entire tribe died out during the 1902 eruption of [[La Soufrière (volcano)|La Soufrière]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2024}}