Editing Jugendstil (section)

=== Peter Behrens and the German ''Werkbund'' ===
The architect and designer [[Peter Behrens]] (1868–1940) was a key figure in the final years of the ''Jugendstil'', and in the transition to modern architecture.  Born in [[Hamburg]], where he studied painting, Behrens moved to Munich in 1890 and worked as a painter, illustrator and bookbinder. In 1890, he was one of the founders of the [[Munich Secession]]. In 1899, he was invited to participate in the [[Darmstadt Artists' Colony]],  where he designed his own house and all of its contents, including the furniture, towels and dishes.

After 1900 he became involved in [[industrial design]] and the reform of architecture to more functional forms. In 1902, he  participated in the Turin International Exposition, one of the first major Europe-wide showcases of Art Nouveau. In 1907, Behrens and a group of other notable ''Jugendstil'' artists, including ([[Hermann Muthesius]], [[Theodor Fischer]], [[Josef Hoffmann]], [[Joseph Maria Olbrich]], [[Bruno Paul]], [[Richard Riemerschmid]], and [[Fritz Schumacher (architect)|Fritz Schumacher]], created the [[Deutscher Werkbund]]. Modeled after the [[Arts and Crafts movement]] in England, its goal was to improve and modernize the design of industrial products and everyday objects. He first major project was [[AEG turbine factory]] in Berlin (1908–1909). Behren's assistants and students at this time included [[Mies van der Rohe]], C. E. Jeanerette (the future [[Le Corbusier]]), and [[Walter Gropius]], the future head of the [[Bauhaus]]. The work of Behrens and the Werkbund effectively launched the transition from the ''Jugendstil'' to modernism in Germany, and the end of the ''Jugendstil''.<ref>Bony, ''L'Architecture Moderne'' (2012), pp. 55–57</ref>

<gallery heights="220" widths="220">
File:MusikzimmerHausBehrensSchiedmayer.jpg|Music room of Behrens' house in Darmstadt (1902)
File:AEG by Peter Behrens.jpg|[[AEG turbine factory]] in Berlin, by Peter Behrens (1908–1909)
</gallery>