Editing Joan of Arc (section)

==Military campaigns==

===Orléans===
[[File:Scherrer jeanne enters orlean.jpg|thumb|left|''Joan of Arc Enters Orléans'' by [[Jean-Jacques Scherrer]] (1887, [[Musée des Beaux-Arts d'Orléans]])|alt=Joan of Arc on horseback with armor and holding banner being greeted by the people of Orléans.]]

In the last week of April 1429, Joan set out from [[Blois]] as part of an army carrying supplies for the relief of Orléans.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/110 110]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/71 71]}} She arrived there on 29 April{{sfn|Barker|2009 |p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/114 114]}} and met the commander [[Jean de Dunois]], the [[Legitimacy (family law)|Bastard]] of Orléans.{{sfn|Richey|2003|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/50 50]}} Orléans was not completely cut off, and Dunois got her into the city, where she was greeted enthusiastically.{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/114 114–115]|2a1=Gies|2y=1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/72 72]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/40 40–41]}} Joan was initially treated as a figurehead to raise morale,{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/118 118]|Warner|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcimageof0000warn/page/64 64]}} flying her banner on the battlefield.{{sfnm|1a1=Gies|1y=1981|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/168 168]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/114 114]|3a1=Warner|3y=1981|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcimageof0000warn/page/68 68]}} She was not given any formal command{{sfnm|Richey|2003|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/39 39]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/76 76]}} or included in military councils{{sfnm|1a1=Gies|1y=1981|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/71 71],[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/75 75]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/39 39]|3a1=Warner|3y=1981|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcimageof0000warn/page/64 64]}} but quickly gained the support of the Armagnac troops. She always seemed to be present where the fighting was most intense, she frequently stayed with the front ranks, and she gave them a sense she was fighting for their salvation.{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1996|1p=[https://archive.org/details/freshverdictsonj0000unse/page/4 4]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/230 230]|3a1=Richey|3y=2003|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/40 40]}} Armagnac commanders would sometimes accept the advice she gave them, such as deciding what position to attack, when to continue an assault, and how to place artillery.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/103 103–104]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/86 86]}}

On 4 May, the Armagnacs went on the offensive, attacking the outlying {{lang|fr|bastille de Saint-Loup}} (fortress of [[Saint-Jean-de-Braye|Saint Loup]]). Once Joan learned of the attack, she rode out with her banner to the site of the battle, a mile east of Orléans. She arrived as the Armagnac soldiers were retreating after a failed assault. Her appearance rallied the soldiers, who attacked again and took the fortress.{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/116 116]|2a1=Gies|2y=1981|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/74 74–75]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/43 43–44]}} On 5 May, no combat occurred since it was [[Ascension Thursday]], a [[feast day]]. She dictated another letter to the English warning them to leave France and had it tied to a [[crossbow bolt|bolt]], which was fired by a crossbowman.{{sfnm|1a1=Harrison|1y=2014|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclifetra0000harr/page/150 150–151]|2a1=Richey|2y=2003|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/57 57]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/43 44]}}

The Armagnacs resumed their offensive on 6 May, capturing [[Saint-Jean-le-Blanc, Loiret|Saint-Jean-le-Blanc]], which the English had deserted.{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/117 117]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/45 45]}} The Armagnac commanders wanted to stop, but Joan encouraged them to launch an [[Siege of Orléans#Assault on the Augustines|assault on ''les Augustins'']], an English fortress built around a monastery.{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/117 117]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/45 45]|3a1=Richey|3y=2003|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/58 58]}} After its capture,{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/118 118]|2a1=DeVries|2y=1999|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/82 82–85]| 3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/45 45–46]}} the Armagnac commanders wanted to consolidate their gains, but Joan again argued for continuing the offensive.{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/85 85]|2a1=Gies|2y=1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/78 78]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/46 46]}} On the morning of 7 May, the Armagnacs attacked the main English stronghold, ''les Tourelles''. Joan was wounded by an arrow between the neck and shoulder while holding her banner in the trench on the south bank of the river but later returned to encourage the final assault that took the fortress.{{sfnm|1a1=Gies|1y=1981|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/79 79–78]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/47 47]|3a1=Richey|3y=2003|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/61 61]}} The English retreated from Orléans on 8 May, ending the siege.{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/119 119]|2a1=DeVries|2y=1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/91 91]|3a1=Gies|3y=1981|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/81 81]}}

At Chinon, Joan had declared that she was sent by God.{{sfnm|1a1=Pernoud|1a2=Clin|1y=1986|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/22 22]|2a1=Warner|2y=1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcimageof0000warn/page/63 63]}} At Poitiers, when she was asked to show a sign demonstrating this claim, she replied that it would be given if she were brought to Orléans. The lifting of the siege was interpreted by many people to be that sign.{{sfnm|1a1=Pernoud|1a2=Clin|1y=1986|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/56 56]|2a1=Warner|2y=1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcimageof0000warn/page/63 63]}} Prominent clergy such as {{ill|Jacques Gélu|fr}}, [[Archbishop of Embrun]],{{sfn|Fraioli|2000|pp=[{{Google books|id=ul8dKmHXYt0C|pg=PA87|plainurl=yes}} 87]–[{{Google books|id=ul8dKmHXYt0C|pg=PA88|plainurl=yes}} 88]}} and the theologian [[Jean Gerson]]{{sfn|Michelet|1855|pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcmaidofo00mich/page/80 80–81]}} wrote treatises in support of Joan after this victory.{{sfnm|Lang|1909|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/maidoffrancebein00languoft/page/146 146–147] |Warner|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcimageof0000warn/page/63 63]}} In contrast, the English saw the ability of this peasant girl to defeat their armies as proof she was possessed by the devil.{{sfnm|Boyd|1986|1p=[https://www.jstor.org/stable/20716744&?seq=5 116]|DeVries|1996|2p=[https://archive.org/details/freshverdictsonj0000unse/page/10 10]|Gies|1981|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/87 87]|Seward|1982|4pp=[https://archive.org/details/hundredyearsware0000sewa/page/213 213–214]}}

===Loire Campaign===
{{Infobox military person
| width_style   = person
| name          = [[File:Coat of Arms of Jeanne d%27Arc.svg|22px|link=]] Joan of Arc
| allegiance    = [[Kingdom of France]]
| battles_label = Conflict
| battles       = '''[[Hundred Years' War]]'''
| module        = {{OSM Location map
| coord = {{coord|48|2}}
|  zoom = 5
|   float = right
|    nolabels = 1
|     width = 235
|     height = 160
|scalemark=0
| title = Important locations
| caption = {{legend-line|#000000 dashed 2px|Joan's journey to [[Château de Chinon|Chinon]]}}{{legend|#4daf4a|[[Siege of Orléans|Orléans]] and [[Loire Campaign (1429)|Loire Campaign]]}}{{legend-line|#332288 dashed 2px|[[March to Reims]]}}{{legend|#377eb8|Reims and the [[Siege of Paris (1429)|Siege of Paris]]}}{{legend|#984ea3|Campaign against Perrinet Gressard}}{{legend|#e41a1c|[[Siege of Compiègne|Compiègne]]}}{{legend|black|Other locations}}
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| shape1 = circle
| label1 = Domrémy
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| mark-coord1 = {{coord|48.44|5.68}}
| mark-title1 = [[Domrémy-la-Pucelle|Domrémy]]- Joan's birthplace and childhood home
| mark-description1 = [[Domrémy-la-Pucelle]]
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| shape2 = circle
| label2 = Vaucouleurs
| mark-coord2 = {{coord|48.60|5.67}}
| mark-title2 = [[Vaucouleurs]]- Site of Joan's three meetings with [[Robert de Baudricourt]] to request being sent to [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]]'s Court: May and January 1428, February 1429.
| mark-description2 = [[Vaucouleurs]]
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| shape3 = circle
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| mark-title3 = [[Nancy, France]]- Joan meets Charles II, Duke of Lorraine: early winter 1429
| mark-description3 = [[Nancy, France|Nancy]]
| shape-color3 = black
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| shape4 = circle
| label4 = Chinon
| mark-coord4 = {{coord|47.168056|0.23611}}
| mark-title4 = [[Château de Chinon|Chinon]]- Joan meets [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]] at his court: March 1429
| mark-description4 = [[Château de Chinon|Chinon]]
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| shape5 = circle
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| mark-title5 = [[Poitiers]]- Joan examined by theologians of [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]]'s court during March–April 1429
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| shape6 = circle
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| mark-title6 = [[Tours]]- Joan's virginity attested; Joan receives her armor, banner and sword: early April 1429.
| mark-description6 = [[Tours]]
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| shape7 = circle
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| mark-coord7 = {{coord|47.59|1.33}}
| mark-title7 = [[Blois]]- Joan joins the army to relieve the siege of Orléans: 24 April 1429.
| mark-description7 = [[Blois]]
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| shape8 = circle
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| mark-coord8 = {{coord|47.90| 1.91}}
| mark-title8 = [[Siege of Orléans]]: 29 April 1429- 8 May 1429
| mark-description8 = [[Orléans]]
| shape-color8 = #4daf4a
| mark-size8 = 10

| label9 =
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| mark-title9 = [[Battle of Jargeau]]: on 11 June 1429
| mark-description9 = [[Jargeau]]
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| label10 =
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| mark-title10 = [[Battle of Meung-sur-Loire]]: on 15–16 June 1429
| mark-description10 = [[Meung-sur-Loire]]
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| label-color10 = #4daf4a
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| mark-title11 = [[Battle of Beaugency (1429)|Battle of Beaugency]]: on 16 June 1429
| mark-description11 = [[Beaugency]]
| shape-color11 = #4daf4a
| label-color11 = #4daf4a
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| label12 =
| shape12 = circle
| mark-coord12 = {{coord|48.03|1.70}}
| mark-title12 = [[Battle of Patay]]: 18 June 1429
| mark-description12 = SE of [[Patay, Loiret|Patay]]
| shape-color12 = #4daf4a
| label-color12 = #4daf4a
| mark-size12 = 0


| label13 = Reims
| shape13 = circle
|label-pos13 = top
| mark-coord13 = {{coord|49.26|4.03}}
| mark-title13 = Joan and Charles arrive at [[March to Reims|Reims]]: 16 July 1429
| mark-description13 = [[Reims]]
| shape-color13 = #377eb8
| label-color13 = black
| label-offset-x13 = 5
| label-offset-y13 = 2
| label-size13= 11
| mark-size13 = 10

| shape14 = circle
| label14 = Paris
| mark-coord14 = {{coord|48.86|2.32}}
| mark-title14 = [[Siege of Paris (1429)|Siege of Paris]]: 3–8 September 1429
| mark-description14 = [[Paris]]
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| mark-coord15 = {{coord|46.79|3.12}}
| mark-title15 = [[Siege of Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier]]: October–November 1429
| mark-description15 = [[Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier]]
| shape-color15 = #984ea3
| label-color15 = #984ea3
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| shape16 = circle
| mark-coord16 = {{coord|47.17|3.02}}
| mark-title16 = [[Siege of La Charité]]: 24 November–25 December 1429
| mark-description16 = [[La Charité-sur-Loire]]
| shape-color16 = #984ea3
| mark-size16 = 7
|label16= La Charité
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|label-offset-x16=0
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| shape17 = circle
| label17 =
| mark-coord17 = {{coord|48.5406|2.66}}
| mark-title17 = [[Melun]]- Liberated by Joan's forces: April 1430.
| mark-description17 = [[Melun]]
| shape-color17 = #e41a1c
| label-color17 = #e41a1c
| mark-size17 = 0

| shape18 = circle
| label18 =
| mark-coord18 = {{coord|48.8788|2.7075}}
| mark-title18 = [[Lagny-sur-Marne|Lagny]]- Site of battle against Franquet D'Arras: April 1430.
| mark-description18 = [[Vaucouleurs|Lagny]]
| shape-color18 = #e41a1c
| label-color18 = #e41a1c
| mark-size18 = 0

| label19 = Compiègne
|label-color19=black
|label-size19=8
| mark-coord19 = {{coord|49.41|2.82}}
| mark-title19 = [[Siege of Compiègne]]: 14–23 May 1493
| mark-description19 = [[Compiègne]]
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|label-offset-x19 = -10
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| label20 =
| mark-coord20 = {{coord|49.42133|2.82345}}
| mark-title20 = [[Margny-lès-Compiègne|Margny]]- Site of Joan's capture by Burgundians: 23 May 1430.
| mark-description20 = [[Margny-lès-Compiègne|Margny]]
| shape-color20 = #DB3123
| label-color20 = #DB3123
| mark-size20 = 7

| shape21 = circle
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| mark-coord21 = {{coord|49.6608|2.9133}}
| mark-title21 = [[Beaulieu-les-Fontaines]]- Joan is imprisoned in the castle keep and attempts to escape: May–June 1430.
| mark-description21 = [[Beaulieu-les-Fontaines]]
| shape-color21 = black
| label-color21 = black
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| shape22 = circle
| label22 =
| mark-coord22 = {{coord|50.00|3.31}}
| mark-title22 = [[Beaurevoir]]- Joan imprisoned here after her first escape attempt; Jumps from tower in another escape attempt: June–November 1430.
| mark-description22 = [[Beaurevoir]]
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| label23 =
| mark-coord23 = {{coord|50.292|2.78}}
| mark-title23 = [[Arras]]- Joan imprisoned here after her second escape attempt: November–December 1430
| mark-description23 = [[Arras]]
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| shape24 = circle
| label24 = Rouen
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| mark-title24 = [[Rouen]]- Joan's final prison, place of trail and execution: 25 December 1430–30 May 1431.
| mark-description24 = [[Rouen]]
| shape-color24 = black
| label-color24 = black
|label-pos24 = left
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}}

After the success at Orléans, Joan insisted that the Armagnac forces should advance promptly toward Reims to crown the Dauphin.{{sfnm|1a1=Harrison|1y=2014|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclifetra0000harr/page/169 169–170]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/56 157]|3a1=Richey|3y=2003|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/66 66]}} Charles allowed her to accompany the army under the command of [[John II, Duke of Alençon]],{{sfnm|Lucie-Smith|1976|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/128 128]|Richey|2003|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/66 66]}} who collaboratively worked with Joan and regularly heeded her advice.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/102 102]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/90 90]}} Before advancing toward Reims, the Armagnacs needed to recapture the bridge towns along the Loire: [[Jargeau]], [[Meung-sur-Loire]], and [[Beaugency]]. This would clear the way for Charles and his entourage, who would have to cross the Loire near Orléans to get from Chinon to Reims.{{sfnm|Castor|2015|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarchistory0000cast_n6r7/page/114 114]|Lucie-Smith|1976|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/127 127–128]|Lowell|1896|3p=[https://archive.org/details/JoanOfArc1896/page/n132 116]}}

The [[Loire Campaign (1429)|campaign to clear the Loire towns]] began on 11 June when the Armagnac forces led by Alençon and Joan arrived at Jargeau{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/101 101]|Barker|2009|2p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/120 120]}} and forced the English to withdraw inside the town's walls. Joan sent a message to the English to surrender; they refused{{sfnm|Burne|1956|1p=[https://archive.org/details/agincourtwarmili0000burn/page/250 250]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/104 104]|Lucie-Smith|1976|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/131 131]}} and she advocated for a direct assault on the walls the next day.{{sfnm|Burne|1956|1p=[https://archive.org/details/agincourtwarmili0000burn/page/250 250]|Castor|2015|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarchistory0000cast_n6r7/page/115 115]|DeVries|1999|3p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/105 105]}} By the end of the day, the town was taken. The Armagnac took few prisoners and many of the English who surrendered were killed.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/120 120–121]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/104 104]|Lucie-Smith|1976|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/132 132]}} During this campaign, Joan continued to serve in the thick of battle. She began scaling a siege ladder with her banner in hand but before she could climb the wall, she was struck by a stone which split her helmet.{{sfnm|Gies|1981|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/93 93]|Lowell|1896|2p=[https://archive.org/details/JoanOfArc1896/page/n141 126]}}

Alençon and Joan's army advanced on [[Battle of Meung-sur-Loire|Meung-sur-Loire]]. On 15 June, they took control of the town's bridge, and the English garrison withdrew to a castle on the Loire's north bank.{{sfn|Burne|1956|p=[https://archive.org/details/agincourtwarmili0000burn/page/252 252]}} Most of the army continued on the south bank of the Loire to [[Battle of Beaugency (1429)|besiege the castle at Beaugency]].{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/121 121]|Burne|1956|2p=[https://archive.org/details/agincourtwarmili0000burn/page/252 252]|Gies|1981|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/94 94–91]}}

Meanwhile, the English army from Paris under the command of Sir [[John Fastolf]] had linked up with the garrison in Meung and traveled along the north bank of the Loire to relieve Beaugency.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/122 122]|Burne|1956|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/agincourtwarmili0000burn/page/253 253–254]}} Unaware of this, the English garrison at Beaugency surrendered on 18 June.{{sfn|Barker|2009|p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/122 122]}} The main English army retreated toward Paris; Joan urged the Armagnacs to pursue them, and the two armies clashed at the [[Battle of Patay]] later that day. The English had prepared their forces to ambush an Armagnac attack with hidden [[English longbow|archers]],{{sfn|DeVries|1999|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/118 118]}} but the Armagnac vanguard detected and scattered them. A rout ensued that decimated the English army. Fastolf escaped with a small band of soldiers, but many of the English leaders were captured.{{sfn|Gies|1981|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/98 98]}} Joan arrived at the battlefield too late to participate in the decisive action,{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/120 120]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/98 98]}} but her encouragement to pursue the English had made the victory possible.{{sfnm|Burne|1956|1p=[https://archive.org/details/agincourtwarmili0000burn/page/256 256]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/100 100]|Harrison|2014|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclifetra0000harr/page/176 176–177]|Richey|2003|4p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/75 75]}}

===Coronation and siege of Paris===
[[File:BNF NAF 4811, folio 55 verso - couronnement de Charles VII.jpg|thumb|upright=.85|right|Coronation of [[Charles VII of France|Charles VII]] in [[Guillaume de Nangis]]' ''Chronicon abbreviatum regum Francorum''; Joan of Arc stands holding a banner of France to his left. Unknown author (15th century).|alt=Miniature of coronation of King Charles the seventh of France]]
After the destruction of the English army at Patay, some Armagnac leaders argued for an invasion of English-held Normandy, but Joan remained insistent that Charles must be crowned.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/126 126]|Gies|1981|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/101 101–103],[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/105 105]}} The Dauphin agreed, and the army left [[Gien]] on 29 June to [[march to Reims|march on Reims]].{{sfnm|1a1=Michelet|1y=1855|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcmaidofo00mich/page/86 86–87]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/62 62]}} The advance was nearly unopposed.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/126 126]|Burne|1956|2p=[https://archive.org/details/agincourtwarmili0000burn/page/261 261]}} The Burgundian-held town of [[Auxerre]] surrendered on 3 July after three days of negotiations,{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/128 128]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/106 106]}} and other towns in the army's path returned to Armagnac allegiance without resistance.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/126 126]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/130 130]}} [[Troyes]], which had a small garrison of English and Burgundian troops,{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/130 130]|Michelet|1855|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcmaidofo00mich/page/87 87]}} was the only one to resist. After four days of negotiation, Joan ordered the soldiers to fill the city's moat with wood and directed the placement of artillery. Fearing an assault, Troyes negotiated a surrender.{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/130 130]|2a1=Michelet|2y=1855|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcmaidofo00mich/page/89 89–90]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/63 63]}}

Reims opened its gates on 16 July 1429. Charles, Joan, and the army entered in the evening, and Charles's consecration took place the following morning.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/133 133]|Lucie-Smith|1976|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/159 159]}} Joan was given a place of honor at the ceremony,{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/126 126]|Lucie-Smith|1976|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/162 162]}} and announced that God's will had been fulfilled.{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/134 134]|2a1=Gies|2y=1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/112 112]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/66 66]}}

After the consecration, the royal court negotiated a truce of fifteen days with the Duke of Burgundy,{{sfn|Pernoud|Clin|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/72 72]}} who promised he would try to arrange the transfer of Paris to the Armagnacs while continuing negotiations for a definitive peace. At the end of the truce, Burgundy reneged on his promise.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/140 140]|Lowell|1896|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/JoanOfArc1896/page/n179 163–164]}} Joan and the Duke of Alençon favored a quick march on Paris,{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/128 128]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/72 72]|3a1=Richey|3y=2003|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/78 78]}} but divisions in Charles's court and continued peace negotiations with Burgundy led to a slow advance.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/147 147]|Harrison|2014|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclifetra0000harr/page/200 200–201]|Lowell|1896|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/JoanOfArc1896/page/n179 163–164]}}

As the Armagnac army approached Paris, many of the towns along the way surrendered without a fight.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/130 130]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/142 142]}} On 15 August, the English forces under the Duke of Bedford confronted the Armagnacs near [[Montépilloy]] in a fortified position that the Armagnac commanders thought was too strong to assault. Joan rode out in front of the English positions to try to provoke them to attack. They refused, resulting in a standoff.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/132 132]|DeVries|1999|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/142 142–143]}} The English retreated the following day.{{sfn|DeVries|1999|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/144 144]}} The Armagnacs continued their advance and launched an [[Siege of Paris (1429)|assault on Paris]] on 8 September.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/134 134]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/150 150]}} During the fighting, Joan was wounded in the leg by a crossbow bolt. She remained in a trench beneath the city walls until she was rescued after nightfall.{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/136 136]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/77 77]}} The Armagnacs had suffered 1,500 casualties.{{sfn|Barker|2009|p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/136 136]}} The following morning, Charles ordered an end to the assault. Joan was displeased{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1999|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/152 152–153]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/78 78]}} and argued that the attack should be continued. She and Alençon had made fresh plans to attack Paris, but Charles dismantled a bridge approaching Paris that was necessary for the attack and the Armagnac army had to retreat.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/152 152]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/126 126]}}

After the defeat at Paris, Joan's role in the French court diminished. Her aggressive independence did not agree with the court's emphasis on finding a diplomatic solution with Burgundy, and her role in the defeat at Paris reduced the court's faith in her.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/156 156]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/130 130]|Harrison|2014|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclifetra0000harr/page/209 209]}} Scholars at the [[University of Paris]] argued that she failed to take Paris because her inspiration was not divine.{{sfn|Castor|2015|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarchistory0000cast_n6r7/page/143 143]}} In September, Charles disbanded the army, and Joan was not allowed to work with the Duke of Alençon again.{{sfnm|1a1=Barker|1y=2009|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/136 136–137]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/153 153]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/78 78–79]}}

===Campaign against Perrinet Gressart===
[[File:Jeanne d'Arc - Les vies des femmes célèbres.jpg|thumb|upright=.85|Miniature depicting Jeanne d'Arc from ''The Lives of Famous Women'', by {{ill|Jean Pichore|fr}} (1506, [[Musée Dobrée]], Nantes, France)|alt=A human figure on horseback, with the horse pointing left. The figure is wearing armor and carrying an orange banner. The horse is white and has red accessories.]]
In October, Joan was sent as part of a force to attack the territory of {{ill|Perrinet Gressart|fr}}, a mercenary who had served the Burgundians and English.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/137 137–138]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/157 157]}} The army [[Siege of Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier|besieged Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier]], which fell after Joan encouraged a direct assault on 4 November. The army then tried unsuccessfully to take [[Siege of La Charité|La-Charité-sur-Loire]] in November and December and had to abandon their artillery during the retreat.{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/157 157]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/81 81]}} This defeat further diminished Joan's reputation.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/137 137]|Castor|2015|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarchistory0000cast_n6r7/page/149 149]|Lowell|1896|3p=[https://archive.org/details/JoanOfArc1896/page/n207 191]|Richey|2003|4p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcwarrior0000rich/page/81 81]}}

Joan returned to court at the end of December,{{sfn|Gies|1981|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/134 134]}} where she learned that she and her family had been ennobled by Charles as a reward for her services to him and the kingdom.{{sfnm|1a1=Lucie-Smith|1y=1976|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/193 193]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/81 81]}} Before the September attack on Paris, Charles had negotiated a four-month truce with the Burgundians,{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/132 132]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/145 145]|Lucie-Smith|1976|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/174 174]}} which was extended until Easter 1430.{{sfnm|Lang|1909|1p=[https://archive.org/details/maidoffrancebein00languoft/page/199 199]|Lowell|1896|2p=[https://archive.org/details/JoanOfArc1896/page/n209 193]}} During this truce, the French court had no need for Joan.{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/138 138]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/165 165]|Harrison|2014|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclifetra0000harr/page/212 212–214]}}

===Siege of Compiègne and capture===
{{main|Siege of Compiègne}}
The Duke of Burgundy began to reclaim towns which had been ceded to him by treaty but had not submitted.{{sfn|Pernoud|Clin|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/84 84]}} Compiègne was one such town{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/146 146]|DeVries|1999|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/167 167–168]}} of many in areas which the Armagnacs had recaptured over the previous few months.{{sfn|DeVries|1999|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/166 166]}} Joan set out with a company of volunteers at the end of March 1430 to relieve the town, which was under siege.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/168 168]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/136 136]}} This expedition did not have the explicit permission of Charles, who was still observing the truce.{{sfnm|1a1=Lang|1y=1909|1p=[https://archive.org/details/maidoffrancebein00languoft/page/226 226]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/84 84–85]|Vale|1974|p=[https://archive.org/details/charlesvii0000vale/page/58 58]}} Some writers suggest that Joan's expedition to Compiègne without documented permission from the court was a desperate and treasonable action,{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/146 146]|DeVries|1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/168 168]}} but others have argued that she could not have launched the expedition without the financial support of the court.{{sfnm|Gies|1981|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/136 136]|Lightbody|1961|2p=[https://archive.org/details/judgementsofjoan0000ligh/page/152 152]}}

In April, Joan arrived at [[Melun]], which had expelled its Burgundian garrison.{{sfnm|1a1=Gies|1y=1981|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/136 136]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/84 85]}} As Joan advanced, her force grew as other commanders joined her.{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1999|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/168 168–169]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/86 86]}} Joan's troops advanced to [[Lagny-sur-Marne]] and defeated an Anglo-Burgundian force commanded by the mercenary Franquet d'Arras who was captured. Typically, he would have been ransomed or exchanged by the capturing force, but Joan allowed the townspeople to execute him after a trial.{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/169 169]|2a1=Gies|2y=1981|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/137 137–138]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/85 85]}}

[[File:Panthéon - La vie de Jeanne d'Arc (hlw16 0310)- crop capture (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright=1.45|left|Mural ''Joan captured by the Burgundians at Compiègne'' by [[Jules-Eugène Lenepveu]] ({{circa|1886–1890|lk=no}}, [[Panthéon, Paris|Panthéon]], Paris)|alt=Joan in armor and surcoat being pulled off her horse by soldiers.]]
Joan reached Compiègne on 14 May.{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/169 169]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/138 138]}} After defensive forays against the Burgundian besiegers,{{sfnm|DeVries|1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/171 171]}} she was forced to disband the majority of the army because it had become too difficult for the surrounding countryside to support.{{sfn|Gies|1981|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/139 139]}} Joan and about 400 of her remaining soldiers entered the town.{{sfn|Pernoud|Clin|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/86 86]}}

On 23 May 1430, Joan accompanied an Armagnac force which [[sortie]]d from Compiègne to attack the Burgundian camp at [[Margny-lès-Compiègne|Margny]], northeast of the town. The attack failed, and Joan was captured;{{sfnm|Barker|2009|1p=[https://archive.org/details/conquestenglishk0000bark/page/146 146]|DeVries|1999|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/174 174–177]|Harrison|2014|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclifetra0000harr/page/227 227–228]}} she agreed to surrender to a pro-Burgundian nobleman named Lyonnel de Wandomme, a member of [[John II of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny|Jean de Luxembourg]]'s contingent.{{sfnm|Gies|1981|pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/140 140–142]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/88 88]}} who quickly moved her to his castle at [[Beaulieu-les-Fontaines]], near Noyes.{{sfnm|1a1=Gies|1y=1981|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/142 142]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/92 92]}} After her first attempt to escape, she was transferred to [[Beaurevoir]] Castle. She made another escape attempt while there, jumping from a window of a tower and landing in a dry moat; she was injured but survived.{{sfnm|Castor|2015|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarchistory0000cast_n6r7/page/163 163]|Gies|1981|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/149 149]|Warner|1981|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcimageof0000warn/page/113 113]}} In November, she was moved to the Burgundian town of [[Arras, France|Arras]].{{sfn|Pernoud|Clin|1986|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/97 97]}}

The English and Burgundians rejoiced that Joan had been removed as a military threat.{{sfn|Rankin|Quintal|1964|pp=[https://archive.org/details/firstbiographyof0000rank/page/111 111–112]}} The English negotiated with their Burgundian allies to pay Joan's ransom and transfer her to their custody. Bishop [[Pierre Cauchon]] of [[Beauvais]], a partisan supporter of the Duke of Burgundy and the English crown,{{sfnm|1a1=Champion|1y=1920|1p=[https://web.archive.org/web/20160818165959/https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/basis/joanofarc-trial.asp 405]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/208 208–209]}} played a prominent part in these negotiations,{{sfnm|Castor|2015|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarchistory0000cast_n6r7/page/162 162–163]|Lucie-Smith|1976|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/210 210–211]}} which were completed in November.{{sfn|Taylor|2006|p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclapucel00unse/page/22 22]}} The final agreement called for the English to pay 10,000 [[Livre tournois|livres tournois]] to obtain her from Luxembourg.{{sfnm|1a1=DeVries|1y=1999|1p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/183 183]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/97 97]|3a1=Lucie-Smith|3y=1976|3p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarc0000luci/page/212 212]}} After the English paid the ransom, they moved Joan to [[Rouen]], their main headquarters in France.{{sfnm|1a1=Castor|1y=2015|1p=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarchistory0000cast_n6r7/page/164 164]|2a1=Pernoud|2a2=Clin|2y=1986|2pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/100 100–101]}} There is no evidence that Charles tried to save Joan once she was transferred to the English.{{sfnm|1a1=Gies|1y=1981|1pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarclegendr0000gies/page/143 143–144]|2a1=DeVries|2y=1999|2p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780750918053/page/168 168]|3a1=Pernoud|3a2=Clin|3y=1986|3pp=[https://archive.org/details/joanofarcherstor00pern/page/97 97–98]|4a1=Vale|4y=1974|4pp=[https://archive.org/details/charlesvii0000vale/page/58 58–59]}}