Editing Jesus College, Oxford (section)

=== 20th century ===
During the [[First World War]], "the college in the ordinary sense almost ceased to exist".<ref name= VCH269 /> From 129 students in the summer of 1914, numbers dropped to 36 in the spring of 1916.  Some refugee students from Belgium and Serbia lodged in empty rooms in the college during 1916, and officers of the [[Royal Flying Corps]] resided from August 1916 to December 1918. After the war, numbers rose and fellowships were added in new subjects: history (1919 and 1933); theology (1927); physics (1934); a second fellowship in chemistry (1924); and modern languages (lectureship 1921, fellowship 1944). The improved teaching led to greater success in university examinations and prizes.<ref name=VCH270>Baker (1954), p. 270</ref>

[[File:Harold_Wilson.jpg|thumb|left|upright|alt=A man in his late 40s, with short greying hair in a slight wave, wearing a dark jacket and tie with a white shirt|[[Harold Wilson]], who was twice [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]], studied Politics, Philosophy, and Economics (PPE) at Jesus College, graduating with first class honours.]]
In the inter-war years (1918–1939) Jesus was seen by some as a small college and something of a backwater; it attracted relatively few pupils from the [[Independent school (UK)|public schools]] traditionally seen as the most prestigious.<ref>{{cite book | last = Pimlott | first = Ben | title = Harold Wilson | year = 1992 | publisher = Harper Collins | location = London | isbn = 0-00-215189-8}}</ref> The college did, however, attract many academically able entrants from the [[Grammar schools in the United Kingdom|grammar schools]] (particularly those in [[northern England]] and Scotland). Among these grammar-school boys was [[Harold Wilson]], who would later become [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jesus.ox.ac.uk/history/cent20.php |title=The 20th Century |access-date=4 April 2006 |author=Jesus College, Oxford |date=18 July 2002 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060101212330/http://www.jesus.ox.ac.uk/history/cent20.php |archive-date=1 January 2006 }}</ref> During the Second World War, many of the fellows served in the armed forces or carried out war work in Oxford. The college remained full of students, though, as it provided lodgings for students from other colleges whose buildings had been requisitioned, and also housed officers on military courses.<ref name=VCH271>Baker (1954), p. 271</ref>

The college had its own science laboratories from 1907 to 1947, which were overseen (for all but the last three years) by the [[physical chemistry|physical chemist]] [[David Chapman (scientist)|David Chapman]], a fellow of the college from 1907 to 1944. At the time of their closure, they were the last college-based science laboratories at the university.<ref name=Chapman>{{cite ODNB | url= http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32364 | title= Chapman, David Leonard (1869–1958) | last= Bowen | first= E. J. | author-link= E. J. Bowen |author2 = rev. [[Keith J. Laidler|Laidler, Keith J]] | year= 2004 | doi= 10.1093/ref:odnb/32364 |access-date=2 April 2009}}</ref> They were named the [[Leoline Jenkins|Sir Leoline Jenkins]] laboratories, after a former principal of the college. The laboratories led to scientific research and tuition (particularly in chemistry) becoming an important part of the college's academic life.<ref name=labs>{{cite journal |journal=Jesus College Record |year=1996 |orig-year=1995 |title= Sir Leoline Jenkins Laboratories 1907–47 |pages=46–57 |last=Long |first=Derek}}</ref> The brochure produced for the opening ceremony noted that the number of science students at the college had increased rapidly in recent years, and that provision of college laboratories would assist the tuition of undergraduates, as well as attracting to Jesus College graduates of the [[University of Wales]] who wished to continue their research at Oxford. A link between one of the college science lecturers and [[Imperial Chemical Industries]] (ICI) led to 17 students joining ICI between the two World Wars, some, such as [[John Rose (chemist)|John Rose]], reaching senior levels in the company. The laboratories became unnecessary when the university began to provide centralised facilities for students; they were closed in 1947.<ref name=labs />

The quatercentenary of the college, in 1971, saw the opening of the Old Members' Buildings in the third quadrangle.<ref name=Hibbert /> Further student accommodation has been built at the sports ground and at a site in north Oxford.<ref name=Accomm /> In 1974, Jesus was among the first group of five men's colleges to admit women as members, the others being [[Brasenose College, Oxford|Brasenose]], [[Wadham College, Oxford|Wadham]], [[Hertford College, Oxford|Hertford]] and [[St Catherine's College, Oxford|St Catherine's]];<ref name="Women_at_Oxford">{{cite web |url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/about/oxford-people/women-at-oxford |title=Women at Oxford |publisher=[[University of Oxford]] |access-date=12 June 2016}}</ref> between one-third and one-half of the undergraduates are women.<ref name=Modern /> A long-standing [[Colleges of the University of Oxford#College rivalries|rivalry]] with nearby [[Exeter College, Oxford|Exeter College]] reached a peak in 1979, with seven police vehicles and three fire engines involved in dealing with trouble in Turl Street.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Record|year=2018 |publisher=Jesus College |url=https://www.jesus.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2019-02/The%20Record%202018.pdf 
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214115725/https://www.jesus.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2019-02/The%20Record%202018.pdf |archive-date=14 February 2019}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> [[John Habakkuk|Sir John Habakkuk]] (principal 1967–1984) and [[Peter North (academic)|Sir Peter North]] (principal 1984–2005) both served terms as Vice-Chancellor of the university, from 1973 to 1977 and from 1993 to 1997 respectively.<ref name=Modern>{{cite web |url=http://www.jesus.ox.ac.uk/history/modernday.php |title=The Modern Day |publisher=Jesus College, Oxford |date=27 September 2005 |access-date=9 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424071835/http://www.jesus.ox.ac.uk/history/modernday.php |archive-date=24 April 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref>