Editing James Rouse (section)

===Festival marketplaces===
Rouse shifted focus from suburban retail to urban malls, which he called "[[festival marketplace]]s," of which the [[Faneuil Hall Marketplace]] was the first and most successful example. Completed in 1976, and partly funded with assistance from the [[United States Department of Housing and Urban Development]], the Faneuil Hall Marketplace (comprising [[Quincy Market]] and other spaces adjacent to Boston's [[Faneuil Hall]]) was designed by architect [[Benjamin C. Thompson]] and was a financial success, an act of historic preservation, and an anchor for urban revitalization. Later the Boston Museum of Fine Arts established an annex at the Quincy Market, and the mall generated more foot traffic than the museum. Initially, there were critics who predicted the project would fail, while other dismissed its early success as a fad. [[Calvin Trillin]] and [[Peter Hall (urbanist)|Peter Hall]] each invoked [[Disneyland]] in their claims that Faneuil Hall Marketplace was an example of fake urbanism. Robert Campbell, an architecture critic, rejected this kind of criticism as snobbery, and claimed that the festival marketplace was effective at getting people out of their cars and getting them to experience the city. In his planning for the project, Rouse imagined that people would not just shop, that they would also be entertained. However, he later claimed that he had not anticipated its popularity as a tour bus destination.<ref>{{cite book|author=Joshua Olsen|title=Better Lives, Better Places: A Biography of James Rouse|year=2003|publisher=Urban Land Institute|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=269–271}}</ref>

Other examples of Rouse Company "festival marketplace" developments include [[South Street Seaport]] in [[New York City]], [[The Gallery at Market East]], in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]], [[Harborplace]] in [[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]], [[St. Louis Union Station]] in [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]], [[Portland, Oregon|Downtown Portland's]] [[Pioneer Place]], and the [[Riverwalk Marketplace]] of [[New Orleans, Louisiana|New Orleans]]. The early festival marketplaces like Faneuil Hall and Harborplace led ''[[TIME]]'' magazine to dub Rouse "the man who made cities fun again."