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=== Formation in freshwater === A [[fluvial island]] is an island that forms from the [[erosion]] and [[sedimentation]] of debris in rivers; almost all rivers have some form of fluvial islands.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Baubinienė |first=Aldona |date=December 20, 2014 |title=Formation of fluvial islands and its determining factors, case study of the River Neris, the Baltic Sea basin |url=https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/48820472/Formation_of_fluvial_islands_and_its_det20160914-14035-1xkcopo-libre.pdf?1473836921=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DFormation_of_fluvial_islands_and_its_det.pdf&Expires=1719430050&Signature=OvtwcmzuH~UdKFPMnT1Xqh9rXXkb41RvtDt8Cdb06gpuroNIfCDzpkcJNWqaU0JZfdYeLcbfVOof4pC52l3i7s5AmzrfbAB8GiI-8lXXj82lbdazKd6Y6p09GRV2i4sizOiiAfl3Y479MVrer-n8CQ6qEquN1tGzfLjWZv0ne6bt1f1JLWpjXWBsgNEb~B3trjUEX3XL-8q9vQ0Msrq504jT77YoDfMCP8P5AbFJrJvNal4u85CUvs88zYY~7iMFiJNiWmw9-M8SzJk1aJMGZTBpiaf2eiRTg8OJa1RYiKs2WWVXaZ1H2NB2vIfFHZXz9a-u54RMWD-C3fJhhGjOfg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA |journal=Geomorphology |volume= 231|issue=231 |pages=343–352 |doi=10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.12.025 |bibcode=2015Geomo.231..343B |via=Elsevier Science Direct}}</ref> These islands may only be a few meters high, and are usually temporary. Changes in the flow speed, water level, and sediment content of the river may effect the rate of fluvial island formation and depletion.<ref name=":7" /> Permanent river islands also exist, the largest of which (that is completely inland) is [[Bananal Island]] in the [[Tocantins]] of Brazil, which has a maximum width of 55 kilometers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bananal Island {{!}} Amazon Rainforest, Wildlife & Conservation {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Bananal-Island |access-date=June 27, 2024 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Lakes]] form for a variety of reasons, including [[Glacial lake|glaciers]], plate tectonics, and volcanism.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake |url=https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/lake |access-date=June 28, 2024 |website=education.nationalgeographic.org |language=en}}</ref> [[Lake island|Lake islands]] can form as part of these processes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 18, 2021 |title=Largest And Highest Islands Of The World |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/largest-and-highest-islands-of-the-world.html |access-date=June 28, 2024 |website=WorldAtlas |language=en-US}}</ref>
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