Editing Insecticide (section)

=== Organochlorides ===
The best known [[organochloride]], [[DDT]], was created by Swiss scientist [[Paul Hermann Müller|Paul Müller]]. For this discovery, he was awarded the 1948 [[Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine]].<ref>{{cite web |editor=Karl Grandin | title=Paul Müller Biography | url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1948/muller-bio.html | work=Les Prix Nobel | publisher=The Nobel Foundation | year=1948 | access-date=2008-07-24}}</ref> DDT was introduced in 1944. It functions by opening [[sodium channel]]s in the insect's [[nerve cell]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Vijverberg |title=Similar mode of action of pyrethroids and DDT on sodium channel gating in myelinated nerves |journal=Nature |volume=295 |issue=5850 |pages=601–603 |year=1982 |display-authors=1 |bibcode=1982Natur.295..601V |last2=Van Den Bercken |first2=Joep |doi=10.1038/295601a0|pmid=6276777 |s2cid=4259608 }}</ref> The contemporaneous rise of the chemical industry facilitated large-scale production of [[chlorinated hydrocarbon]]s including various [[cyclodiene]] and [[hexachlorocyclohexane]] compounds. Although commonly used in the past, many older chemicals have been removed from the market due to their health and environmental effects (''e.g.'' [[DDT]], [[chlordane]], and [[toxaphene]]).<ref>{{Cite web |date=Sep 2002 |title=Public Health Statement for DDT, DDE, and DDD |url=https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp35-c1-b.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923121618/http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp35-c1-b.pdf |archive-date=2008-09-23 |access-date=Dec 9, 2018 |website=atsdr.cdc.gov |publisher=[[Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry|ATSDR]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=Apr 18, 2012 |title=Medical Management Guidelines (MMGs): Chlordane |url=https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/MMG/MMG.asp?id=349&tid=62 |access-date=Dec 9, 2018 |website=atsdr.cdc.gov |publisher=[[Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry|ATSDR]]}}</ref>