Editing Indianapolis (section)

===Industrialization and civic development===
[[File:Indianapolis Motor Speedway - Otis Lithograph Co. border edit.jpg|thumb|A 1909 advertisement for the [[Indianapolis Motor Speedway]]]]
Following the Civil War and in the wake of the [[Second Industrial Revolution]], Indianapolis experienced tremendous growth and prosperity. In 1880, Indianapolis was the world's third-largest pork packing city, after [[Chicago]] and [[Cincinnati]], and the second-largest railroad center in the U.S. by 1888.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Bodenhamer|editor1-first=David|editor2-last=Barrows|editor2-first=Robert|title=The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis|year=1994|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington & Indianapolis|page=1483}}</ref><ref name="Built Environment">{{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Bodenhamer|editor1-first=David|editor2-last=Barrows|editor2-first=Robert|title=The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis|year=1994|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington & Indianapolis|page=23}}</ref> By 1890, the city's population surpassed 100,000.<ref name="Britannica"/> Some of the city's most notable businesses were founded during this period of growth and innovation, including [[L. S. Ayres]] (1872), [[Eli Lilly and Company]] (1876), [[Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company]] (1910), and [[Allison Transmission]] (1915).

{{Wide image|IN Indianapolis 1914a.jpg|1000px|alt=Panoramic view of Downtown Indianapolis in 1914|[[Downtown Indianapolis]] in 1914. At left, the [[Indiana Statehouse]]. At center-left are the Claypool Hotel (foreground) and [[Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis)|Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument]] (background). The intersection of Illinois St. and the [[Washington Street (Indianapolis)|National Road]] is centered near the bottom of the image. The [[Indianapolis News Building]] and [[Hotel Washington (Indianapolis, Indiana)|Hotel Washington]] are to the left of Washington Street while the [[Barnes and Thornburg Building|Merchants National Bank Building]] is visible to the right. At center-right, the [[Wholesale District, Indianapolis|Wholesale District]]. At far-right, the [[Omni Severin Hotel|Hotel Severin]] and [[Indianapolis Union Station]] clock tower.}}
Some of the city's most prominent architectural features and best-known historical events date from the turn of the 20th century. The [[Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Indianapolis)|Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument]], dedicated on May 15, 1902, would later become the city's unofficial symbol.<ref>{{cite journal|author=James Philip Fadely|title=The Veteran and the Memorial: George J. Gangsdale and the Soldiers and Sailors Monument|journal=Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History|volume=18|issue=1|pages=33–35|publisher=Indiana Historical Society|location=Indianapolis|date=Winter 2006}} Accessed March 26, 2016.</ref> [[Ray Harroun]] won the inaugural running of the [[Indianapolis 500]], held May 30, [[1911 Indianapolis 500|1911]], at [[Indianapolis Motor Speedway]]. Indianapolis was one of the hardest hit cities in the [[Great Flood of 1913]], resulting in five known deaths<ref name=IndyProfile>{{cite web|title=Community Profiles: Indianapolis, Indiana|work=The Great Flood of 1913, 100 Years Later|publisher=Silver Jackets|year=2013|url=http://mrcc.isws.illinois.edu/1913Flood/communities/indianapolis.shtml|access-date=July 29, 2013|archive-date=November 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113154058/http://mrcc.isws.illinois.edu/1913Flood/communities/indianapolis.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Bell15>{{cite journal|author=Trudy E. Bell|title=Forgotten Waters: Indiana's Great Easter Flood of 1913|journal=Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History|volume=18|issue=2|page=15|publisher=Indiana Historical Society|location=Indianapolis|date=Spring 2006}}</ref><ref>Unconfirmed deaths numbered as many as twenty-five. See Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 582.</ref> and the displacement of 7,000 families.<ref name=BB58182>{{cite book|editor1-last=Bodenhamer|editor1-first=David J.|editor2-last=Barrows|editor2-first=Robert G.|title=The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=1994|location=Bloomington and Indianapolis|pages=581–582|isbn=0-253-31222-1}}</ref>

Once home to 60 automakers, Indianapolis rivaled [[Detroit]] as a center of automobile manufacturing.<ref name="automaker"/> The city was an early focus of [[labor organization]].<ref name="Britannica"/> The [[Indianapolis streetcar strike of 1913]] and subsequent police mutiny and riots led to the creation of the state's earliest labor-protection laws, including a [[minimum wage]], regular work weeks, and improved working conditions.<ref name=d1230>{{cite book|author=Dunn, Jacob Piatt|title=Indiana and Indianans|volume=III|year=1919|publisher=American Historical Society|location=Chicago & New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OXUmzX6kE-4C|page=1230|author-link=Jacob Piatt Dunn}}</ref> The [[International Typographical Union]] and [[United Mine Workers of America]] were among several influential labor unions based in the city.<ref name="Britannica"/>

As a stop on the [[Underground Railroad]], Indianapolis had one of the largest black populations in the [[Union (American Civil War)|Northern States]], until the [[Great Migration (African American)|Great Migration]].<ref name="mumford.albany.edu">{{cite web|url=http://mumford.albany.edu/census/2003newspdf/jsonlineSeries/011403MURPHInjsonline.pdf|title=Indianapolis|access-date=November 8, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926182527/http://mumford.albany.edu/census/2003newspdf/jsonlineSeries/011403MURPHInjsonline.pdf|archive-date=September 26, 2006}}</ref> Led by [[D. C. Stephenson]], the [[Indiana Klan]] became the most powerful political and social organization in Indianapolis from 1921 through 1928, controlling the City Council and the Board of School Commissioners, among others. At its height, more than 40% of native-born white males in Indianapolis claimed membership in the Klan.