Editing Homer Simpson (section)

=== Voice ===
[[File:Dan Castellaneta 2.jpg|thumb|left|alt=A man in his forties wearing a brown cap, a light blue shirt with a very dark blue sweater. He has a slight smile, and his hand is on the red table.|[[Dan Castellaneta]] (''pictured in 2002'') voices Homer.]]
Homer's voice is provided by [[Dan Castellaneta]].{{sfn|Browning|Picart|2014|p=166}}{{sfn|Terrace|2014|p=300}} Castellaneta also voices several other characters on ''The Simpsons'', including [[Grampa Simpson]],{{sfn|Pike|2014|p=73}} [[Krusty the Clown]],<ref name="o921">{{cite journal | last1=Farrokh Baroughi | first1=Alireza | last2=Craver | first2=Scott | editor-first1=Adnan M. | editor-first2=Nasir D. | editor-first3=Chad D. | editor-last1=Alattar | editor-last2=Memon | editor-last3=Heitzenrater | title=The non-trusty clown attack on model-based speaker recognition systems | date=March 4, 2015 | doi=10.1117/12.2083412 | page=155 | journal=[[Society for Imaging Science and Technology|The Journal of Electronic Imaging]]| series=Media Watermarking, Security, and Forensics 2015 | volume=9409 | bibcode=2015SPIE.9409E..04F }}</ref> including [[Barney Gumble]],<ref name="k637">{{cite magazine | last=Boardman | first=Madeline | title='The Simpsons': See the voice actors behind your favorite characters | magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] | date=April 29, 2016 | url=https://ew.com/gallery/the-simpsons-voices-actors/ | access-date=January 5, 2025}}</ref> [[Groundskeeper Willie]],{{sfn|Lawson|Persons|2009|p=111}} [[Mayor Quimby]],{{sfn|Martone|2016|p=328}} and [[Hans Moleman]].<ref name="d866">{{cite web | last=Tyler | first=Adrienne | title=''The Simpsons'': Hans Moleman Is A Clone Theory Explained | website=[[Screen Rant]] | date=April 4, 2021 | url=https://screenrant.com/simpsons-show-hans-moleman-clones-theory-explained/ | access-date=January 5, 2025}}</ref> 

Castellaneta, a regular cast member on ''The Tracey Ullman Show'', had prior experience in voice-over work, which he had done in Chicago alongside his wife, [[Deb Lacusta]]. When voices were needed for ''The Simpsons'' shorts, the producers chose Castellaneta and fellow cast member [[Julie Kavner]] to voice Homer and Marge, respectively, opting not to hire additional actors.<ref name="FN">{{cite news|first=Lynn|last=Elber|url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/doh-the-voice-of-homer-is-deceivingly-deadpan|title=D'oh!: The Voice of Homer Is Deceivingly Deadpan|website=[[Fox News Channel]]|publisher=[[News Corporation]]|date=August 18, 2007|access-date=September 21, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703090128/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0%2C2933%2C129665%2C00.html|archive-date=July 3, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="The Age">{{cite news|first=Luaine|last=Lee|url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/02/27/1046064146568.html|title=D'oh, you're the voice|work=[[The Age]]|date=February 27, 2003|access-date=September 21, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102224412/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/02/27/1046064146568.html|archive-date=November 2, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> In the shorts and the first season of the half-hour series, Homer's voice differed noticeably from its later incarnation. Initially, it was modeled as a loose impression of [[Walter Matthau]] but Castellaneta found it challenging to maintain the Matthau-inspired tone during the nine- to ten-hour recording sessions and sought a more sustainable approach.<ref name="The Age"/><ref name="MTV"/> By the second and third seasons, Castellaneta had "dropped the voice down" and developed it into a more versatile and humorous style, enabling Homer to express a broader range of emotions.<ref name="FN"/><ref name="matthau">{{cite news|first=Paul|last=Brownfield|url=http://www.snpp.com/other/interviews/castellaneta99.html|title=He's Homer, but This Odyssey Is His Own |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=July 6, 1999 |access-date=September 8, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512004132/http://www.snpp.com/other/interviews/castellaneta99.html |archive-date=May 12, 2008 }}</ref>

Castellaneta's natural speaking voice bears no resemblance to Homer's.<ref name="Aspen">{{cite news|last=Harden|first=Mark |url=http://www.snpp.com/other/interviews/castellaneta00.html |title='Simpsons' voice Dan Castellaneta has some surprises for Aspen fest |work=[[The Denver Post]] |date=February 9, 2000 |access-date=September 8, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710115213/http://www.snpp.com/other/interviews/castellaneta00.html |archive-date=July 10, 2009 }}</ref> To create Homer's voice, Castellaneta lowers his chin to his chest and adopts what he describes as a state of "letting his I.Q. go".<ref name="The Age"/><ref name="Mirkin">{{cite AV media|people=Mirkin, David|year=2004|title=Commentary for "[[Bart's Inner Child]]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Fifth Season'' [DVD]|publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref> This method has even led to ad-libs, including the famous "S-M-R-T; I mean, S-M-A-R-T!" line from "[[Homer Goes to College]]" ([[The Simpsons season 5|season five]], 1993), which stemmed from a genuine recording mistake.<ref name="CastellanetaBIC">{{cite AV media|people=[[Dan Castellaneta|Castellaneta, Dan]] (actor)|chapter=Commentary for "[[Bart's Inner Child]]"|title=The Simpsons: The Complete Fifth Season (DVD)|date=2004|publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref> Castellaneta prefers to stay in character during recording sessions and visualizes scenes to deliver the appropriate vocal performance.<ref name="Tribune">{{cite news|first=Terry|last=Morrow|url=http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2007/jun/23/voice-homer-simpson-leads-his-own-simple-life/ |title=Voice of Homer Simpson leads his own, simple life |newspaper=[[The Albuquerque Tribune]]|publisher=Scripps Howard News Service |date=June 23, 2007| access-date=September 5, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012024317/http://www.abqtrib.com/news/2007/jun/23/voice-homer-simpson-leads-his-own-simple-life/ |archive-date=October 12, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|people=[[Dan Castellaneta|Castellaneta, Dan]] (actor)| chapter=Commentary for "[[Homer the Great]]|title=The Simpsons: The Complete Sixth Season (DVD)|date=2005|location=Los Angeles, California|publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref> Despite Homer's widespread fame, Castellaneta says he is rarely recognized in public—unless by an especially dedicated fan.<ref name="Tribune"/> In "[[Homer's Barbershop Quartet]]" (season five, 1993), Homer's voice was partially performed by someone other than Castellaneta. The episode follows Homer forming a barbershop quartet called the Be Sharps, with his singing voice provided at times by a member of [[the Dapper Dans]].{{sfn|Richmond & Coffman|1997|p=120}} The Dapper Dans recorded the singing parts for all four members of the group, blending their vocals with the regular voice actors. Often, a primary voice actor sang the melody while the Dapper Dans provided harmonic backup.<ref>{{cite AV media|people=[[Jeff Martin (writer)|Martin, Jeff]] (writer)|chapter=Commentary for "[[Homer's Barbershop Quartet]]"|title=The Simpsons: The Complete Fifth Season (DVD)|date=2004|location=Los Angeles, California|publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref>

Castellaneta was initially paid [[US$]]30,000 per episode for his work on ''The Simpsons'' until 1998.<ref name="y759">{{cite web | last=Barrett | first=Patrick | title=D'oh! ''Simpsons'' go on strike | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=April 1, 2004 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/apr/01/broadcasting.uknews | access-date=January 27, 2025}}</ref><ref name="e937" /> That year, a pay dispute arose, during which Fox threatened to replace the six main voice actors and even began preparing for new casting.<ref name="Glaister">{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/04/02/1080544690429.html|title=''Simpsons'' Actors Demand Bigger Share|access-date=October 26, 2008|date=April 3, 2004|last=Glaister|first=Dan|work=[[The Age]]|location=Melbourne|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202171844/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/04/02/1080544690429.html|archive-date=December 2, 2008|url-status=live}}
</ref><ref name="s696">{{cite magazine | last=Snierson | first=Dan | title=Harry Shearer to Exit ''The Simpsons''? | magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] | date=May 8, 2015 | url=https://ew.com/article/2015/05/08/harry-shearer-exiting-simpsons/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 4, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204005526/https://ew.com/article/2015/05/08/harry-shearer-exiting-simpsons/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The conflict was ultimately resolved, and Castellaneta salary increased to $125,000 per episode.<ref name="n760">{{cite web | title=Simpsons cast sign new pay deal | publisher=[[BBC]] | date=June 3, 2008 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/mobile/entertainment/7434296.stm | access-date=January 27, 2025}}</ref><ref name="o315">{{cite web | last=Stowe | first=Dusty | title=How Much Does The Cast Of ''The Simpsons'' Get Paid? | website=[[Screen Rant]] | date=October 2, 2017 | url=https://screenrant.com/simpsons-cast-salary-paid/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=March 25, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325185357/https://screenrant.com/simpsons-cast-salary-paid/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2004, the voice cast pushed for higher wages, seeking $360,000 per episode.<ref name="l796">{{cite web | title=D'oh! Am I Underpaid?; Negotiations Are Stalled for Voice Actors in ''The Simpsons'' | website=[[The New York Times]] | url-access=subscription | first=Bernard | last=Weinraub | author-link=Bernard Weinraub | date=April 14, 2004 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/14/arts/d-oh-am-i-underpaid-negotiations-are-stalled-for-voice-actors-in-the-simpsons.html | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 4, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204163825/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/14/arts/d-oh-am-i-underpaid-negotiations-are-stalled-for-voice-actors-in-the-simpsons.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="e937">{{cite web |last=Block |first=Alex Ben |title=''The Simpsons'' Pay Disputes |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=October 11, 2011 |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/simpsons-pay-disputes-246835/ |access-date=January 27, 2025 |archive-date=December 3, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203065624/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/simpsons-pay-disputes-246835/ |url-status=live}}</ref> After a brief argument, the dispute was settled, and Castellaneta's pay was raised to $250,000 per episode.<ref name="t905">{{cite web | last=Collins | first=Scott | title=''Simpsons'' Cast, Fox Reach Deal | website=[[Los Angeles Times]] | url-access=subscription | date=May 1, 2004 | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-may-01-fi-simpsons1-story.html | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 3, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203220257/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-may-01-fi-simpsons1-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="g965">{{cite web | last=Schneider | first=Michael | title=Voices Carry at Fox | website=[[variety (magazine)|Variety]] | date=May 2, 2004 | url=https://variety.com/2004/scene/markets-festivals/voices-carry-at-fox-1117904168/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=October 18, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018054719/https://variety.com/2004/scene/markets-festivals/voices-carry-at-fox-1117904168/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2008, further negotiations increased the cast's salaries to approximately $400,000 per episode.<ref name="h432">{{cite web | last=Byrne | first=Ciar | title=Homer's No Loser with a Voice Worth $400,000 Per Show | website=[[The Independent]] | date=June 3, 2008 | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/homer-s-no-loser-with-a-voice-worth-400-000-per-show-839589.html | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 3, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203132550/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/homer-s-no-loser-with-a-voice-worth-400-000-per-show-839589.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="i903">{{cite magazine | last=Wortham | first=Jenna | title=''Simpsons'' Ink Deal for 20th Season, Score More D'Oh | magazine=[[WIRED]] | date=June 3, 2008 | url=https://www.wired.com/2008/06/simpsons/ | access-date=December 1, 2024 | archive-date=December 7, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207143546/https://www.wired.com/2008/06/simpsons/ |url-status=live}}</ref> However, in 2011, Fox demanded production cost reductions, threatening to cancel the series if costs were not cut. In response, Castellaneta and the other main cast members agreed to a 30{{nbsp}}percent pay reduction, lowering their per-episode earnings to just over $300,000.<ref>{{cite news|last=Block|first=Alex Ben|title=''The Simpsons'' Renewed for Two More Seasons|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/simpsons-renewed-two-more-seasons-245748|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|access-date=October 15, 2011|date=October 7, 2011|archive-date=January 25, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125073424/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/simpsons-renewed-two-more-seasons-245748|url-status=live}}</ref> According to ''[[Backstage (magazine)|Backstage]]'', he was the sixth highest-paid voice actor by late 2024.<ref name="g914">{{cite web | last=Reynolds | first=Robin | title=The 15 Highest-Paid Voice Actors | website=[[Backstage (magazine)|Backstage]] | date=November 18, 2024 | url=https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/the-15-highest-paid-voice-actors-77980/ | access-date=January 27, 2025}}</ref>
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