Editing History of Tonga (section)

===The Polynesian Plain Ware Period: 2650–1550 BP (700 BC – 400 AD)===
Life began to change drastically for Haʻapaians at the same time that ornate pottery was replaced by a strictly utilitarian plain ware kit, and it is at this time that the people may be called Polynesian. Of all the linguistically and traditionally similar people who came to inhabit the triangle created by New Zealand, Hawai’i, and Easter Island, they can all trace ancestry to a few original settlers in Tonga{{citation needed|date=December 2015}}.

These original Polynesians in Tonga shifted somewhat away from maritime subsistence towards an increased reliance on agriculture and animal husbandry. [[Taro]], [[Yam (vegetable)|yam]], [[breadfruit]], and [[banana]] became principal carbohydrate sources, and domesticated animals came to represent much more of the diet.<ref name="shutler"/> At original Lapita sites, 24% of bird bones came from [[chicken]]s, which increased after the Polynesian transformation into 81%, marking probably the demise of other bird species as well as an increased reliance on domesticated species.<ref name="burley" />

More energy supportive food sources allowed a population explosion. A 25x40 m Lapitan “hamlet” grew into a village over one kilometer in length.<ref name="burley"/> Settlement grew around most of the lagoon in [[Tongatapu]] and villages finally reached the interior of the main island. Similar expansions have been identified in the [[Niuas]] and in [[Vava’u]].

To archaeologists, these early Polynesians provide a mystery just as perplexing as the Lapitans. By 1550 BP (400 AD), they ceased to produce any pottery at all. They seem to have turned towards more natural materials instead, and therefore the archaeological record enters into a “dark age”<ref name="burley"/> of relatively little information until the emergence of chiefly states hundreds of years later. Speculations as to disappearance of the pottery tradition ranges from the use of coconut cups and bowls that are easier to use, a shift away from steaming shellfish in large bowls to baking in underground ovens, and the unsuitability of Tongan clays for pottery.<ref name="burley" /> Nothing can be said with certainty except that the same disappearance also occurred in [[Fiji]] and [[Samoa]].