Editing Hermann Hesse (section)

=== Becoming a writer ===
[[File:Printing4 Walk of Ideas Berlin.JPG|thumb|upright|''Modern Book Printing'' from the [[Walk of Ideas]] in Berlin, Germany]]
On 17 October 1895, Hesse began working in the bookshop in Tübingen, which had a specialized collection in theology, philology, and law.<ref>[http://www.heckenhauer.de/ J. J. Heckenhauer].</ref> Hesse's tasks consisted of organizing, packing, and archiving the books. After the end of each twelve-hour workday, Hesse pursued his own work, and he spent his long, idle Sundays with books rather than friends. Hesse studied theological writings and later Goethe, Lessing, Schiller, and Greek mythology. He also began reading Nietzsche in 1895,<ref>Freedman (1978) p. 69.</ref> and that philosopher's ideas of "dual…impulses of passion and order" in humankind was a heavy influence on most of his novels.<ref>Freedman (1978) p. 111.</ref>

By 1898, Hesse had a respectable income that enabled financial independence from his parents.<ref>{{cite thesis|title=The concept of 'the human' in the work of Hermann Hesse and Paul Tillich|first=Wilbur|last=Franklin|publisher=St Andrews University|year=1977|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/96709396.pdf}}</ref> During this time, he concentrated on the works of the [[German Romanticism|German Romantics]], including much of the work of [[Clemens Brentano]], [[Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff]], [[Friedrich Hölderlin]], and [[Novalis]]. In letters to his parents, he expressed a belief that "the morality of artists is replaced by aesthetics".

During this time, he was introduced to the home of Fräulein von Reutern, a friend of his family's. There, he met with people his own age. His relationships with his contemporaries were "problematic", in that most of them were now at university. This usually left him feeling awkward in social situations.<ref>Freedman (1978) p. 64.</ref>

In 1896, his poem "Madonna" appeared in a [[Vienna|Viennese]] periodical and Hesse released his first small volume of poetry, ''Romantic Songs''. In 1897, a published poem of his, "Grand Valse", drew him a fan letter. It was from [[Helene Voigt-Diederichs|Helene Voigt]], who the next year married [[Eugen Diederichs]], a young publisher. To please his wife, Diederichs agreed to publish Hesse's collection of prose entitled ''[[One Hour After Midnight]]'' in 1898 (although it is dated 1899).<ref>Freedman(1978) pp. 78–80.</ref> Neither work was a commercial success. In two years, only 54 of the 600 printed copies of ''Romantic Songs'' were sold, and ''One Hour After Midnight'' received only one printing and sold sluggishly. Furthermore, Hesse "suffered a great shock" when his mother disapproved of "Romantic Songs" on the grounds that they were too secular and even "vaguely sinful".<ref>Freedman(1978), p. 79.</ref>

From late 1899, Hesse worked in a distinguished antique bookshop in Basel. Through family contacts, he stayed with the intellectual families of Basel. In this environment with rich stimuli for his pursuits, he further developed spiritually and artistically. At the same time, Basel offered the solitary Hesse many opportunities for withdrawal into a private life of artistic self-exploration, journeys and wanderings. In 1900, Hesse was exempted from compulsory military service due to an [[Amblyopia|eye condition]]. This, along with [[Neuralgia|nerve disorders]] and persistent headaches, affected him his entire life.

In 1901, Hesse undertook to fulfill a long-held dream and travelled for the first time to Italy. In the same year, Hesse changed jobs and began working at the antiquarium Wattenwyl in Basel. Hesse had more opportunities to release poems and small literary texts to journals. These publications now provided honorariums. His new bookstore agreed to publish his next work, ''[[Posthumous Writings and Poems of Hermann Lauscher]]''.<ref>Freedman(1978) p. 97.</ref> In 1902, his mother died after a long and painful illness. He could not bring himself to attend her funeral, stating in a letter to his father: "I think it would be better for us both that I do not come, in spite of my love for my mother".<ref>Freedman (1978), pp. 99–101.</ref>

Due to the good notices that Hesse received for ''[[Lauscher]]'', the publisher [[Samuel von Fischer|Samuel Fischer]] became interested in Hesse<ref>Freedman (1978) p. 107.</ref> and, with the novel ''Peter Camenzind'', which appeared first as a pre-publication in 1903 and then as a regular printing by Fischer in 1904, came a breakthrough: from now on, Hesse could make a living as a writer.  The novel became popular throughout Germany.<ref>Freedman (1978) p. 108.</ref> [[Sigmund Freud]] "praised ''[[Peter Camenzind]]'' as one of his favourite readings".<ref>Freedman (1978) p. 117.</ref>