Editing Hawaii County, Hawaii (section)

==Government and infrastructure==
===County government===
{{Update|date=September 2021|reason=Redistricted 2011 and expected to redistrict again late 2021|inaccurate=yes}}
Executive authority is vested in the [[mayor of Hawaiʻi County]], who is elected for a four-year term. Since 2004, the election by the voters has been on a nonpartisan basis. In 2024, Kimo Alameda was elected mayor, defeating Mitch Roth in the general election.<ref>{{cite web |title= Office of the Mayor |publisher= County of Hawaii |work= official web site |url= https://www.hawaiicounty.gov/our-county/mayor |access-date= December 11, 2020}}</ref> Legislative authority is vested in a nine-member County Council. Members of the County Council are elected on a nonpartisan basis to two-year terms from single-member districts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.co.hawaii.hi.us/council/districts.htm|title=Hawaiʻi County Council|work=official web site|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708080958/http://www.co.hawaii.hi.us/council/districts.htm|archive-date=July 8, 2011|access-date=March 27, 2010}}</ref> As of December 2016, Hawaiʻi County Council has a female supermajority for the first time, with six women and three men.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hawaiitribune-herald.com/news/local-news/poindexter-tabbed-be-council-chairwoman-will-lead-first-female-super-majority |title=Poindexter tabbed to be council chairwoman; Will lead first female super majority council in county's history|website=Hawaii Tribune-Herald |access-date=December 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171228232414/http://hawaiitribune-herald.com/news/local-news/poindexter-tabbed-be-council-chairwoman-will-lead-first-female-super-majority |archive-date=December 28, 2017 |url-status=dead |author-first1=Nancy Cook|author-last1=Lauer}}</ref>

Administrative districts were originally based on the traditional land divisions called ''[[Ahupuaʻa|Moku]]'' of [[Ancient Hawaii]]. Some more heavily populated districts have since been split into North and South districts to make them more comparable on a population basis.

The number following each district is the Tax Map Key (TMK) number, used to locate state property information. They are assigned in a counter-clockwise order beginning on the eastern side of the island.<ref>[http://co.hawaii.hi.us/databook_2008/Table%201/1.7.pdf Hawaiʻi County: 2000]{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-style="background: #CCC;"
! align ="right"|Nr. || align ="left"|District || Area<br />[[Square mile|mi<sup>2</sup>]] || Population<br />2000 || ''moku'' || class="unsortable" rowspan="10" | Map
|- <!--bgcolor="#FFFFFF"-->
|align="right"| 1|| [[Puna, Hawaii|Puna]] || align="right"|  499.45 || align="right"| 31,335 || Puna || rowspan="10" | [[File:HawaiiIslandDistricts-numbered.svg|300px|District subdivision of Hawaiʻi County]]
|-
|align="right"| 2|| [[South Hilo]] || align="right"|  394.38 || align="right"| 47,386 || [[Hilo]]
|-
|align="right"| 3|| [[North Hilo]] || align="right"|  370.65 || align="right"| 1,720 || Hilo
|-
|align="right"| 4|| [[Hāmākua]] || align="right"|  580.50 || align="right"| 6,108 || Hāmākua
|-
|align="right"| 5|| [[Kohala, Hawaii|North Kohala]] || align="right"| 132.92 || align="right"|  6,038 || Kohala
|-
|align="right"| 6|| [[Kohala, Hawaii|South Kohala]] || align="right"| 351.72 || align="right"|  13,131 || Kohala
|-
|align="right"| 7|| [[Kona District, Hawaii|North Kona]] || align="right"| 489.01 || align="right"|  28,543 || Kona
|-
|align="right"| 8|| [[Kona District, Hawaii|South Kona]] || align="right"| 335.38 || align="right"|  8,589 || Kona
|-
|align="right"| 9|| [[Kau, Hawaii|Ka{{Okina}}ū]] || align="right"| 922.22 || align="right"|  5,827 || Ka{{okina}}ū
|-
|-style="background: #DDD;" | class="sortbottom"
| align="right"| &nbsp;||Hawaiʻi County || align="right"| 4028.02|| align="right"| 148,677 || 6 ''moku''
|}

County council districts do not directly match the property tax districts because of the variation in the population density of voters in urban areas to rural areas; Hilo & Kailua (Kailua-Kona) towns are densely populated areas, while other districts such as Ka{{okina}}ū, Puna, Hāmākua, and North & South Kohala are more sparsely populated.<ref>{{cite web |title= Hawaii County Council |work= official web site |url= http://www.co.hawaii.hi.us/council/districts.htm |access-date= March 27, 2010 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110708080958/http://www.co.hawaii.hi.us/council/districts.htm |archive-date= July 8, 2011}}</ref>

Several government functions are administered at the county level that are at the state or municipal level in other states. For example, the county has its own office of liquor control.<ref>{{cite web |title= Office of Liquor Control |work= Hawaiʻi County web site |url= http://www.hawaii-county.com/directory/dir_liquor.htm |access-date= December 25, 2010 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101123054034/http://hawaii-county.com/directory/dir_liquor.htm |archive-date= November 23, 2010}}</ref>

===State government===
[[Hawaii Department of Public Safety]] previously operated the [[Kulani Correctional Facility]] in Hawaiʻi County, on the [[Hawaii (Island)|Island of Hawaii]].<ref>"[http://hawaii.gov/psd/corrections/institutions-division/prisons/kulani-correctional-facility Kulani Correctional Facility]." [[Hawaii Department of Public Safety]]. Retrieved on September 30, 2010.</ref> In 2009, the Hawaii Department of Public Safety announced that Kulani Correctional Facility would close.<ref>"[http://hawaii.gov/gov/news/files/2009/july/psd-to-close-kulani-prison-facility-to-help-at-risk-youth Closure of Kulani Saves $2.8M Annually; Facility to Help At-Risk Youth]." [[Hawaii Department of Public Safety]]. July 2009. Retrieved on September 30, 2010.</ref>

===Presidential election results===
{{PresHead|place=Hawaii County, Hawaii|source1=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=May 26, 2017}}</ref>}}
<!-- {{PresRow|Year|Winner|GOP Vote #|Dem Vote #|3rd Vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Democratic|28,748|52,163|1,912|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|2020|Democratic|26,897|58,731|2,186|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|2016|Democratic|17,501|41,259|6,107|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|2012|Democratic|14,753|47,224|1,477|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|2008|Democratic|14,866|50,819|1,231|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|2004|Democratic|22,032|35,116|554|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|2000|Democratic|17,050|28,670|5,140|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1996|Democratic|13,516|27,262|8,199|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1992|Democratic|15,460|25,725|9,731|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1988|Democratic|17,125|24,091|552|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|20,707|17,866|570|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1980|Democratic|14,247|17,630|3,984|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1976|Democratic|15,366|15,960|439|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|16,832|11,652|0|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1968|Democratic|9,625|15,819|283|Hawaii}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|4,962|20,011|0|Hawaii}}
{{PresFoot|1960|Republican|12,251|11,557|0|Hawaii}}