Editing Hanoi (section)

==== Hanoi under Chinese rule ====
In 111 BC, the Han dynasty [[Han conquest of Nanyue|conquered Nanyue]] and [[First Chinese domination of Vietnam|ruled it]] for the next several hundred years.{{sfn|Taylor|1983|p=28}}{{sfn|Đào Duy Anh|2016|p=42}} [[Han dynasty]] organized Nanyue into seven commanderies of the south (Lingnan) and now included three in Vietnam alone: Giao Chỉ and Cửu Chân, and a newly established Nhật Nam.{{sfn|Taylor|1983|p=30}}{{sfn|Kiernan|2019|p=72}}

In March{{sfn|Bielestein|1986|p=271}} of 40 AD, Trưng Trắc and Trưng Nhị, daughters of a wealthy aristocratic family of [[Lac Viet|Lac]] ethnicity{{sfn|Brindley|2015|p=235}} in [[Mê Linh district|Mê Linh]] district (Hanoi), led the locals to rise up in rebellion against the Han.{{sfn|Bielestein|1986|p=271}}{{sfn|Yü|1986|p=454}}{{sfn|Kiernan|2019|p=78}} It began at the [[Red River Delta]], but quickly spread both south and north from Jiaozhi, stirring up all three Lạc Việt regions and most of Lingnan,{{sfn|Kiernan|2019|p=78}}{{sfn|Brindley|2015|p=235}} gaining the support of about 65 towns and settlements.{{sfn|Yü|1986|p=454}} Trưng sisters then established their court upriver in Mê Linh.{{sfn|Kiernan|2019|p=79}}{{sfn|Taylor|1983|p=38}} In 42 AD, the Han emperor commissioned general [[Ma Yuan (Han dynasty)|Ma Yuan]] to suppress the uprising with 32,000 men, including 20,000 regulars and 12,000 regional auxiliaries.{{sfn|Yü|1986|p=454}}{{sfn|Kiernan|2019|p=79}} The rebellion was defeated in the next year as [[Ma Yuan (Han dynasty)|Ma Yuan]] captured and decapitated Trưng Trắc and Trưng Nhị, then sent their heads to the Han court in [[Luoyang]].{{sfn|Kiernan|2019|p=80}}

By the middle of the fifth century, in the center of ancient Hanoi, a fortified settlement was founded by the [[Han Chinese|Chinese]] [[Liu Song Dynasty|Liu Song]] [[list of Chinese dynasties|dynasty]] as the [[county seat|seat]] of a new district called [[Tống Bình]] (Songping) within [[Jiaozhi Commandery|Giao Chỉ]] [[commandery (China)|commandery]].{{sfnp|Tran|1977|p=16}} The name refers to its pacification by the dynasty. It was elevated to its own commandery at some point between AD&nbsp;454 and 464.{{sfnp|Loewe|2004|p=60}}  The commandery included the districts of Yihuai (義懷) and Suining (綏寧) in the south of the Red River (now [[Từ Liêm District|Từ Liêm]] and [[Hoài Đức District|Hoài Đức]] districts) with a metropolis in present-day inner Hanoi.<ref>{{cite web|language=es-ES|title=viajes a Vietnam|url=https://rutasvietnam.viajes/|website=rutasvietnam.viajes - ES}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>