Editing Group psychotherapy (section)

== Computer-supported group therapy ==
Research on computer-supported and computer-based interventions has increased significantly since the mid-1990s.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Andersson G | title = Internet-Delivered Psychological Treatments | journal = Annual Review of Clinical Psychology | volume = 12 | issue = 1 | pages = 157–79 | date = 2016-03-28 | pmid = 26652054 | doi = 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093006 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Hedman | first = Erik | name-list-style = vanc |date=2014|title=Cognitive behavior therapy via the Internet: a systematic review of applications, clinical efficacy and cost–effectiveness| doi = 10.1586/erp.12.67 | pmid = 23252357 |journal=[[Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research]]|volume=12| issue = 6 |pages=745–764 | s2cid = 12867169 }}</ref> For a comprehensive overview of current practices see: [[Psychotherapy|Computer-supported psychotherapy]].

Several feasibility studies examined the impact of computer-, app- and media-support on group interventions. Most investigated interventions implemented short rationales, which usually were based on principles of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). Most research focussed on:

* Anxiety disorders (e.g. social phobia, generalised anxiety disorder <ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Gruber|first1=Karin|last2=Moran|first2=Patrick J.|last3=Roth|first3=Walton T.|last4=Taylor|first4=C. Barr | name-list-style = vanc |date=2001|title=Computer-assisted cognitive behavioral group therapy for social phobia |journal=Behavior Therapy|volume=32|issue=1|pages=155–165|doi=10.1016/s0005-7894(01)80050-2 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Newman MG, Przeworski A, Consoli AJ, Taylor CB | title = A randomized controlled trial of ecological momentary intervention plus brief group therapy for generalized anxiety disorder | journal = Psychotherapy | volume = 51 | issue = 2 | pages = 198–206 | date = June 2014 | pmid = 24059730 | pmc = 4440457 | doi = 10.1037/a0032519 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Przeworski A, Newman MG | title = Palmtop computer-assisted group therapy for social phobia | journal = Journal of Clinical Psychology | volume = 60 | issue = 2 | pages = 179–88 | date = February 2004 | pmid = 14724925 | doi = 10.1002/jclp.10246 }}</ref>) 
* Depression (e.g. mild to moderate Major Depression<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Schuster|first1=Raphael|last2=Leitner|first2=Isabella|last3=Carlbring|first3=Per|last4=Laireiter|first4=Anton-Rupert | name-list-style = vanc |date= June 2017 |title=Exploring blended group interventions for depression: Randomised controlled feasibility study of a blended computer- and multimedia-supported psychoeducational group intervention for adults with depressive symptoms | journal = Internet Interventions|volume=8|pages=63–71|doi=10.1016/j.invent.2017.04.001 |pmid=30135830|pmc=6096250}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Schuster R, Fichtenbauer I, Sparr VM, Berger T, Laireiter AR | title = Feasibility of a blended group treatment (bGT) for major depression: uncontrolled interventional study in a university setting | journal = BMJ Open | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = e018412 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 29530905 | pmc = 5857649 | doi = 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018412 }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Schuster|first1=Raphael|last2=Sigl|first2=Sophia|last3=Berger|first3=Thomas|last4=Laireiter|first4=Anton-Rupert|date=2018|title=Patients' Experiences of Web- and Mobile-Assisted Group Therapy for Depression and Implications of the Group Setting: Qualitative Follow-Up Study|journal=JMIR Mental Health|volume=5|issue=3|pages=e49|doi=10.2196/mental.9613|pmid=29997106|pmc=6060305|name-list-style=vanc |doi-access=free }}</ref>)
* Other disorders (e.g. hoarding<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fitzpatrick|first1=Molly|last2=Nedeljkovic|first2=Maja|last3=Abbott|first3=Jo-Anne|last4=Kyrios|first4=Michael|last5=Moulding|first5=Richard | name-list-style = vanc |title="Blended" therapy: The development and pilot evaluation of an internet-facilitated cognitive behavioral intervention to supplement face-to-face therapy for hoarding disorder|journal=Internet Interventions|date=June 2018|volume=12|pages=16–25|doi=10.1016/j.invent.2018.02.006|pmid=30135765|pmc=6096324}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Ivanov|first=Volen Z. | name-list-style = vanc |date=2018|title=Enhancing group cognitive-behavioral therapy for hoarding disorder with between-session Internet-based clinician support: A feasibility study|journal=Journal of Clinical Psychology|volume=74|issue=7 |pages= 1092–1105|doi=10.1002/jclp.22589 |pmid=29411356 |pmc=6686153 }}</ref>)

While the evidence base for group therapy is very limited, preliminary research in individual therapy<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Erbe D, Eichert HC, Riper H, Ebert DD | title = Blending Face-to-Face and Internet-Based Interventions for the Treatment of Mental Disorders in Adults: Systematic Review | journal = Journal of Medical Internet Research | volume = 19 | issue = 9 | pages = e306 | date = September 2017 | pmid = 28916506 | pmc = 5622288 | doi = 10.2196/jmir.6588 | doi-access = free }}</ref> suggests possible increases of treatment efficiency<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Thase ME, Wright JH, Eells TD, Barrett MS, Wisniewski SR, Balasubramani GK, McCrone P, Brown GK | title = Improving the Efficiency of Psychotherapy for Depression: Computer-Assisted Versus Standard CBT | journal = The American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 175 | issue = 3 | pages = 242–250 | date = March 2018 | pmid = 28969439 | pmc = 5848497 | doi = 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010089 }}</ref> or effectiveness.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zwerenz R, Becker J, Knickenberg RJ, Siepmann M, Hagen K, Beutel ME | title = Online Self-Help as an Add-On to Inpatient Psychotherapy: Efficacy of a New Blended Treatment Approach | language = en | journal = Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics | volume = 86 | issue = 6 | pages = 341–350 | date = 2017 | pmid = 29131090 | doi = 10.1159/000481177 | s2cid = 4786098 | url = https://tud.qucosa.de/api/qucosa%3A70628/attachment/ATT-0/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Berger T, Krieger T, Sude K, Meyer B, Maercker A | title = Evaluating an e-mental health program ("deprexis") as adjunctive treatment tool in psychotherapy for depression: Results of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial | journal = Journal of Affective Disorders | volume = 227 | pages = 455–462 | date = February 2018 | pmid = 29154168 | doi = 10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.021 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Further, the use of app- or computer-based monitoring has been investigated several times. Reported advantages of the modern format include improved between-session transfer and patient-therapist-communication,<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /> as well as increased treatment transparency and intensity.<ref name=":0" /> Negative effects may occur in terms of dissonance due to non-compliance with online tasks, or the constriction of in-session group interaction.<ref name=":2" /> Last but not least, group phenomena might influence the motivation to engage with online tasks.<ref name=":2" />