Editing Gro Harlem Brundtland (section)

==International career==
In 1983, Brundtland was invited by then [[United Nations Secretary-General]] [[Javier Pérez de Cuéllar]] to establish and chair the [[World Commission on Environment and Development]] (WCED), widely referred to as the [[Brundtland Commission]]. She developed the broad political concept of [[sustainable development]] in the course of extensive public hearings, that were distinguished by their inclusiveness. The commission, which published its report, ''[[Our Common Future]]'', in April 1987, provided the momentum for the 1992 [[Earth Summit]]/[[UNCED]], which was headed by [[Maurice Strong]], who had been a prominent member of the commission. The Brundtland Commission also provided momentum for [[Agenda 21]].

During her third ministry, the Norwegian government in 1993 took the initiative to sponsor secret peace talks between the Government of Israel led by [[Yitzchak Rabin]] – like Brundtland, leader of a Labour Party – and the PLO led by [[Yasser Arafat]]. This culminated with the signing of the [[Oslo Accords]]. For several years afterwards, Norway continued to have a high-profile involvement in promoting Israeli-Palestinian peace, though increasingly displaced by the United States from its role as the mediator.

After the end of her term as PM, Brundtland was then elected Director-General of the [[World Health Organization]] in May 1998. In this capacity, Brundtland adopted a far-reaching approach to public health, establishing a [[Commission on Macroeconomics and Health]], chaired by [[Jeffrey Sachs]], and addressing [[violence]] as a major public health issue. Brundtland spearheaded the movement, now worldwide, to achieve the abolition of [[Tobacco smoking|cigarette smoking]] by education, persuasion, and increased taxation.<ref>{{cite news | author=Claire Doole |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/background_briefings/smoking/198338.stm |title=WHO declares war on tobacco firms |work=[[BBC]] news |date=21 October 1998 |access-date=22 February 2013}}</ref> Under her leadership, the World Health Organization was one of the first major employers to make quitting smoking a condition of employment.
Under Brundtland's leadership, the World Health Organization was criticized<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wilson|first1=Duff|title=New blood-pressure guidelines pay off – for drug companies|url=http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/new-blood-pressure-guidelines-pay-off-8212-for-drug-companies/|access-date=21 February 2017|work=The Seattle Times|issue=26 June 2005|date=26 June 2005|ref=SeattleTimes}}</ref> for increased drug-company influence on the agency.

Brundtland was recognized in 2003 by ''[[Scientific American]]'' as their 'Policy Leader of the Year' for coordinating a rapid worldwide response to stem outbreaks of [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome|SARS]]. Brundtland was succeeded on 21 July 2003 by [[Jong-Wook Lee]]. In 1994, Brundtland was awarded the [[Karlspreis|Charlemagne Prize]] of the city of [[Aachen]].

In 2006 Brundtland was a member of the Panel of Eminent Persons who reviewed the work of the [[United Nations Conference on Trade and Development]] (UNCTAD). In May 2007, UN Secretary-General [[Ban Ki-moon]] named Brundtland, as well as [[Ricardo Lagos]] (the former [[president of Chile]]), and [[Han Seung-soo]] (the former foreign minister of [[South Korea]]), to serve as UN Special Envoys for Climate Change.<ref>{{cite news |author=Edith M. Lederer, Associated Press |url=http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1619288,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070701103452/http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1619288,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 July 2007 |title=U.N. Envoys Seek Input on Climate Change |newspaper=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date= 10 May 2007 |access-date=23 February 2013}}</ref>

Brundtland's hallmark political activities have been chronicled by her husband, {{interlanguage link|Arne Olav Brundtland|no}}, in his two bestsellers, ''Married to Gro'' ({{ISBN|82-516-1647-6}}) and ''Still married to Gro'' ({{ISBN|82-05-30726-1}}).

{{External media| float = right| video1 = https://www.c-span.org/video/?205161-1/michigan-state-university-commencement-address Michigan State University Commencement Address, 2 May 2008], [[C-SPAN]]}}

In 2007, Brundtland was working for [[PepsiCo|Pepsi]] as a consultant.<ref>{{cite news |author1=Morten Ulekleiv |author2=Gunn Kari Hegvik |author3=Lars Kristian Tranøy |url=http://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/artikkel.php?artid=189076 |title=Pepsi-Gro slår tilbake: – Latterlig |newspaper=[[Verdens Gang]] |date=12 December 2007 |access-date=23 February 2013}}</ref>

Brundtland is a member of the [[Council of Women World Leaders]], an international network of current and former women presidents and prime ministers whose mission is to mobilize collective action on issues of critical importance to women and equitable development.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Members|url=http://www.councilwomenworldleaders.org/members.html|access-date=2020-06-19|website=Council of Women World Leaders|language=en}}</ref>

Brundtland is also a member of the [[Club of Madrid]], an independent organization of former leaders of democratic states, which works to strengthen democratic governance and leadership.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.clubmadrid.org/en/miembro/gro_harlem_brundtland |title=Brundtland, Gro Harlem |publisher=Club de Madrid |access-date=23 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806191822/http://www.clubmadrid.org/en/miembro/gro_harlem_brundtland |archive-date=6 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Brundtland is a founding member of [[The Elders (organization)|The Elders]], a group of world leaders originally convened by [[Nelson Mandela]], [[Graça Machel]] and [[Desmond Tutu]] in order to tackle some of the world's toughest problems. Mandela announced the launch of the group on 18 July 2007 in [[Johannesburg]], South Africa. Brundtland has been active in The Elders' work, participating in a broad range of the group's initiatives. She has travelled with Elders delegations to [[Cyprus]], the [[Korean Peninsula]], [[Ethiopia]], India and the [[Middle East]]. Brundtland has also been involved in The Elders' initiative on [[child marriage]], including the founding of ''Girls Not Brides: The Global Partnership to End Child Marriage''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://theelders.org/gro-brundtland |title=Gro Harlem Brundtland |publisher=The Elders |access-date=23 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130306035548/http://theelders.org/gro-brundtland |archive-date=6 March 2013 }}</ref> She was appointed Deputy Chair of the group in 2013 and was succeeded in this role by [[Ban Ki-moon]] and [[Graça Machel]] in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kofi Annan appointed Chair of The Elders|url=https://theelders.org/news/kofi-annan-appointed-chair-elders|access-date=2021-12-09|website=theelders.org|date=10 May 2013 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mary Robinson appointed new Chair of The Elders|url=https://theelders.org/news/mary-robinson-appointed-new-chair-elders|access-date=2021-12-09|website=theelders.org|date=November 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

Brundtland attended the [[Bilderberg Group|Bilderberg]] meetings in 1982 and 1983. Her husband attended in 1991.{{citation needed|date=April 2020}}

In 2019, Brundtland served as co-chair with the [[WHO Global Preparedness Monitoring Board]].