Editing Greenpeace (section)

===Organizational development===
[[File:Greenpeace ship "Esperanza" off Gravesend.jpg|thumb|[[MV Esperanza|MV ''Esperanza'']], a former fire-fighter owned by the [[Russian Navy]], was relaunched by Greenpeace in 2002]]
Greenpeace evolved from a group of Canadian and American protesters into a less conservative group of environmentalists who were more reflective of the [[counterculture of the 1960s|counterculture]] and [[hippie]] youth movements of the 1960s and 1970s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rexweyler.com/greenpeace/ |title=Greenpeace |publisher=Rex Weyler |date=1 March 1954 |access-date=6 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612061135/http://rexweyler.com/greenpeace/ |archive-date=12 June 2011}}</ref> The social and cultural background from which Greenpeace emerged heralded a period of de-conditioning away from Old World antecedents and sought to develop new codes of social, environmental and political behavior.<ref name="odysseu">Robert Hunter: Greenpeace to Amchitka, An Environmental Odyssey</ref><ref>[http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/may2005/2005-05-02-05.asp Greenpeace Founder Bob Hunter Dies in Toronto] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090116030249/http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/may2005/2005-05-02-05.asp |date=16 January 2009 }}. ens-newswire.com (2 May 2005)</ref>

In the mid-1970s independent groups using the name Greenpeace started springing up worldwide. By 1977, there were 15 to 20 Greenpeace groups around the world, including Great Lakes Greenpeace at Michigan State University.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Great Lakes Greenpeace collection, 1970-1980 |url=https://findingaids.lib.msu.edu/repositories/4/resources/5603}}</ref><ref name=Weyler/> At the same time the Canadian Greenpeace office was heavily in debt. Disputes between offices over fund-raising and organizational direction split the global movement as the North American offices were reluctant to be under the authority of the Canada office.<ref name=Weyler>{{cite web|author=Weyler, Rex |url=http://www.utne.com/web_special/web_specials_archives/articles/2246-4.html |title=Waves of Compassion. The founding of Greenpeace |pages=14–15 |publisher=Utne.com |access-date=23 November 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014213711/http://www.utne.com/web_special/web_specials_archives/articles/2246-4.html |archive-date=14 October 2007}}</ref>

After the incidents of Moruroa Atoll, David McTaggart had moved to France to battle in court with the French state and helped to develop the cooperation of European Greenpeace groups.<ref name=Brown-May/> [[David McTaggart]] lobbied the Canadian Greenpeace Foundation to accept a new structure bringing the scattered Greenpeace offices under the auspices of a single global organization. The European Greenpeace paid the debt of the Canadian Greenpeace office and on 14 October 1979, '''Greenpeace International''' came into existence.<ref name="Timmer">{{cite web |url=http://ires.xplorex.com/sites/ires/files/about/publications/documents/VanessaTimmerPhDThesis.pdf |title=Timmer, Vanessa: Agility and Resilience: The Adaptive Capacity of Friends of the Earth International and Greenpeace |publisher=University of British Columbia |date=February 2007 |access-date=19 November 2012 |archive-date=18 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110818162114/http://ires.xplorex.com/sites/ires/files/about/publications/documents/VanessaTimmerPhDThesis.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Weyler/> Under the new structure, the local offices contributed a percentage of their income to the international organization, which took responsibility for setting the overall direction of the movement with each regional office having one vote.<ref name=Weyler/> Some Greenpeace groups, namely [[London Greenpeace]] (dissolved in 2001) and the US-based [[Greenpeace Foundation]] (still operational) however decided to remain independent from Greenpeace International.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mcspotlight.org/people/biogs/london_grnpeace.html |title=London Greenpeace – A History of Peace, Protest and Campaigning |publisher=[[McSpotlight]] |access-date=6 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703213432/http://www.mcspotlight.org/people/biogs/london_grnpeace.html |archive-date=3 July 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greenpeacefoundation.org/about/gpMovement.cfm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120801065206/http://www.greenpeacefoundation.org/about/gpMovement.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 August 2012 |title=About the |publisher=Greenpeace Foundation |access-date=21 February 2011 }}</ref>

Along with several other NGOs, Greenpeace was the subject of an improper and baseless investigation by the US [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] between 2001 and 2005. The [[United States Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General|Inspector General]] of the [[United States Department of Justice|US Justice Department]] determined that there was little or no basis for the investigation and that it resulted in the FBI making inaccurate and misleading claims to the [[United States Congress]].<ref name=Atlantic10>{{cite news |last1=Cohen |first1=Andrew |title=OIG: FBI Inappropriately Tracked Domestic Advocacy Groups |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2010/09/oig-fbi-inappropriately-tracked-domestic-advocacy-groups/63276/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150511205656/https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2010/09/oig-fbi-inappropriately-tracked-domestic-advocacy-groups/63276/ |archive-date=11 May 2015 |url-status=live |access-date=22 September 2020 |work=The Atlantic |date=20 September 2010}}</ref><ref name=ABCNews10>{{cite news |last1=Cloherty |first1=Jack |last2=Ryan |first2=Jason |title=FBI Spied on PETA, Greenpeace, Anti-War Activists |url=https://abcnews.go.com/News/Blotter/fbi-spied-peta-greenpeace-anti-war-activists/story?id=11682844 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402102411/https://abcnews.go.com/News/Blotter/fbi-spied-peta-greenpeace-anti-war-activists/story?id=11682844 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |url-status=live |work=ABC News |language=en}}</ref><ref name=LATimes10>{{cite news |last1=Serrano |first1=Richard A. |title=FBI improperly investigated activists, Justice Department review finds |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925061147/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-sep-21-la-na-fbi-activists-20100921-story.html |archive-date=25 September 2019 |url-status=live |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-sep-21-la-na-fbi-activists-20100921-story.html |access-date=22 September 2020 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=21 September 2010}}</ref>

In 2015, Greenpeace UK launched an [[investigative journalism]] publication called ''[[Unearthed (publication)|Unearthed]]''.<ref name="Guardian Unearthed launch">{{cite news |last1=Jackson |first1=Jasper |title=Greenpeace hires team of investigative journalists |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/sep/09/greenpeace-hires-investigative-journalists-meiron-jones |access-date=4 July 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=9 September 2015 |language=en}}</ref>