Editing Gothic rock (section)

=== Expansion of the scene ===
[[File:This Burning Effigy - After Thought.ogg|thumb|right|"After Thought" (2000), an [[ethereal wave]] track by [[This Burning Effigy]]. Drum machines and [[Delay (audio effect)|delay]]-drenched guitar textures are typical of this style.]]
[[File:The-sisters-of-mercy-mera-luna-2005.jpg|thumb|right|The Sisters of Mercy performing at the [[M'era Luna Festival]] in 2005.]]

In February 1983, the emerging scene was described as "positive punk" on the front cover of ''NME'':<ref name=North/> in his article, journalist Richard North described Bauhaus, [[Theatre of Hate]] and UK Decay as "the immediate forerunners of today's flood", and declared, "So here it is: the new positive punk, with no empty promises of revolution, either in the rock'n'roll sense or the wider political sphere. Here is only a chance of self-awareness, of personal revolution, of colourful perception and galvanization of the imagination that startles the slumbering mind and body from their sloth".<ref name=North/> That year, myriad goth groups emerged, including [[Flesh for Lulu]], [[Play Dead (band)|Play Dead]], [[Rubella Ballet]], [[Gene Loves Jezebel]], Blood and Roses, and [[Ausgang]].{{sfn|Reynolds|2005|pp=423, 431 and 436}} The 4AD label released music in a more [[ethereal wave|ethereal]] style,<ref>Mercer, Mick. ''Music to die for''. London: Cherry Red Books, 2009, {{ISBN|190144726X}}, p. 5</ref> by groups such as [[Cocteau Twins]],<ref>Mercer, Mick. ''Music to die for''. London: Cherry Red Books, 2009, {{ISBN|190144726X}}, p. 105</ref> [[Dead Can Dance]], and [[Xmal Deutschland]].{{sfn|Reynolds|2005|pp=423, 431 and 436}} The Icelandic group [[Kukl (band)|Kukl]] also appeared in this period, which included [[Björk]] and other musicians who later participated in [[the Sugarcubes]].{{sfn|Reynolds|2005|pp=423, 431 and 436}}

Reynolds has spoken of a shift from early goth to gothic rock proper, advanced by [[the Sisters of Mercy]].{{sfn|Reynolds|2005|p=437}} As journalist Jennifer Park put it, "The original blueprint for gothic rock had mutated significantly. Doom and gloom was no longer confined to its characteristic atmospherics, but as the Sisters demonstrated, it could really rock".{{sfn|Steele|Park|2008|p=144}} The Sisters of Mercy, who cited influences such as Leonard Cohen, [[Gary Glitter]], [[Motörhead]], [[the Stooges]], the Velvet Underground, the Birthday Party, [[Suicide (band)|Suicide]], and [[The Fall (band)|the Fall]], created a new, harder form of gothic rock.{{sfn|Steele|Park|2008|p=145}} In addition, they incorporated a [[drum machine]].{{sfn|Steele|Park|2008|p=145}} Reynolds identified their 1983 single "[[Some Girls Wander by Mistake|Temple of Love]]" as the quintessential goth anthem of the year, along with Southern Death Cult's "Fatman".{{sfn|Reynolds|2005|p=438}} The group created their own record label, [[Merciful Release]], which also signed [[the March Violets]], who performed in a similar style.{{sfn|Steele|Park|2008|p=147}} According to Reynolds, the March Violets "imitated Joy Division sonically".{{sfn|Reynolds|2005|p=435}} Another band, [[the Danse Society]] was particularly inspired by the Cure's ''Pornography'' period.{{sfn|Steele|Park|2008|p=147}}