Editing Glendale, California (section)

===American era===

The 1847 [[Treaty of Cahuenga]] established American control of [[Alta California]] at the end of the [[Mexican–American War]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Guinn |first=James Miller |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KyFPAAAAYAAJ |title=Historical and biographical record of southern California: containing a history of southern California from its earliest settlement to the opening year of the twentieth century |publisher=Chapman pub. co. |year=1902 |page=50 |access-date=September 30, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040525/https://books.google.com/books?id=KyFPAAAAYAAJ |archive-date=March 18, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> With the [[Mexican Cession|cession]] of California to the United States following the [[Mexican–American War]], the 1848 [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]] provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim was filed with the [[Public Land Commission]] in 1852,<ref>{{Cite web |title=United States. District Court (California : Southern District) Land Case 381 SD |url=http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb109nb422&chunk.id=c01-1.3.6.4&brand=oac |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714042733/https://oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb109nb422&chunk.id=c01-1.3.6.4&brand=oac |archive-date=July 14, 2021 |access-date=October 25, 2022}}</ref> confirmed by the Commission in 1855, and the grant was [[Land patent|patented]] to Julio and Catalina Verdugo in 1882.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Report of the Surveyor General 1844 – 1886 |url=http://www.slc.ca.gov/Misc_Pages/Historical/Surveyors_General/reports/Willey_1884_1886.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090504094306/http://www.slc.ca.gov/Misc_Pages/Historical/Surveyors_General/reports/Willey_1884_1886.pdf |archive-date=May 4, 2009}}</ref>

In 1861, Julio Verdugo took out a [[mortgage]] to build a larger house. Unable to make the loan payments, the family was forced into [[bankruptcy]] proceedings. In 1871, the court divided the ranch into several parcels to satisfy the many claims against the Verdugos.

The court gave Benjamin Dreyfus, of [[Anaheim, California|California]], the largest allotment: more than 8,000 acres, which later became [[Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California|Eagle Rock]] and [[Tropico, California|Tropico]]. [[Andrew Glassell]] and [[Alfred Chapman]] were awarded the great [[Rancho La Cañada]] and more than 2,000 acres of what is now [[Highland Park, Los Angeles, California|Highland Park]] and York Valley. [[David Burbank]] was awarded 4,607 acres, and his property eventually became the neighboring city of [[Burbank, California|Burbank]].<ref name="Katherine Peters Yamada"/>

The arrival of the [[railroad]] in Southern California set off a real estate boom. In 1883, soon after [[Atwater Village]] was settled, the [[Atwater Tract Office]] brought train service to the area.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Creason |first=Glen |date=June 18, 2021 |title=The Secret, Sordid History Of Threemile House, A Den Of Iniquity On The Edge Of 1890s LA |url=https://laist.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/the-secret-sordid-history-of-threemile-house-a-den-of-iniquity-on-the-edge-of-1890s-la |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025185638/https://laist.com/news/arts-and-entertainment/the-secret-sordid-history-of-threemile-house-a-den-of-iniquity-on-the-edge-of-1890s-la |archive-date=October 25, 2022 |access-date=December 9, 2021 |agency=LAist}}</ref> On March 11, 1887, [[Erskine Mayo Ross]], [[Cameron E. Thom]], and several others, filed the first [[plat]] for Glendale, described as "[[Pasadena, California|Pasadena's]] first and only rival."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://glendalehistorical.org/still-standing-2|title=Still Standing after all these Years, Part II: The Early Settlers and the Village of Glendale, 1870s to 1890s|author=Katherine Peters Yamada|access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref> It was bounded by First Street (now Lexington Drive) on the north, Fifth Street (now Harvard Street) on the south, Central Avenue on the west, and the Childs Tract on the east.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 2006 |title=Historical Resources Technical Report for the Glendale Downtown Specific Plan EIR City of Glendale, California |url=http://www.glendaleca.gov/home/showdocument?id=12686 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115172937/http://www.glendaleca.gov/home/showdocument?id=12686 |archive-date=January 15, 2016 |access-date=July 8, 2021 |website=City of Glendale}}</ref> Concurrently, to the southwest formed [[Tropico, California|Tropico]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Masters |first=Nathan |date=June 16, 2014 |title=The Lost City of Tropico, California |url=https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/the-lost-city-of-tropico-california |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002003326/https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/the-lost-city-of-tropico-california |archive-date=October 2, 2019 |access-date=December 25, 2020 |website=KCET}}</ref>
==== Incorporation and growth ====
[[File:Glendale-Brand-1915.jpg|thumb|right|A [[Glendale–Burbank Line]] streetcar stops to pick up and drop off passengers in 1915.]]
The city officially [[Municipal corporation|incorporated]] in 1906.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.glendaleca.gov/government/about-us#:~:text=The%20City%20of%20Glendale%20was,US%20Census%202017%20Population%20Estimates |title=About Us|access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref> Also that year, [[Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)|Forest Lawn Cemetery]] opened.<ref>Kath, Laura. Forest Lawn: The first 100 years, Tropico Press, 2006.</ref>

An important civic [[Boosterism|booster]] of the era was [[Leslie Coombs Brand]] (1859–1925), who partnered with [[Henry E. Huntington]] to bring the [[Pacific Electric]] Railway, or the "Red Cars", to the area. The [[Glendale–Burbank Line]], which was operational from 1904 to 1955, ran from [[Downtown Los Angeles]] to [[Burbank, California|Burbank]] via Glendale. At the railroad dedication celebration, Brand spoke of "his early dreams coming true, in which he pictured a country home in close proximity to the [[Los Angeles|city]]." Brand also owned Glendale Light & Power Company, the Miradero Water Company, and the Consolidated Water Company.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glendale-Burbank Line |url=http://www.erha.org/pewgb.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114163234/http://www.erha.org/pewgb.htm |archive-date=January 14, 2009 |access-date=October 25, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.brandlibrary.org/history|title=History of Brand|access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref>

The [[architecture]] firm of Anderson and Murdock won a contract to construct a new [[city hall]] in 1910, and it was completed in 1912.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://glendalehistorical.org/still-standing-11|title=Still Standing after all these Years, Part 11: Glendale Police Enforcement 1908 - 1915: A Pool Hall and Jensen Arcade; Plus Alcohol and the Casa Verdugo Restaurant|author=Katherine Peters Yamada|date=2024|access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref>

Pioneering [[endocrinology|endocrinologist]] and entrepreneur [[Henry Harrower|Henry R. Harrower]] opened his clinic in Glendale in 1920, which for many years was the largest business in the city.

Following the 1922 demolition of the Atwater Tract Office, [[Southern Pacific Railroad]] constructed the [[Glendale Transportation Center|Glendale Southern Pacific Railroad Depot]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Glendale, CA (GDL) |url=https://www.greatamericanstations.com/stations/glendale-ca-gdl/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025185639/https://www.greatamericanstations.com/stations/glendale-ca-gdl/ |archive-date=October 25, 2022 |access-date=October 25, 2022}}</ref> Glendale was served by the Southern Pacific Railroad's ''[[Coast Daylight]]'' daytime and ''[[Lark (train)|Lark]]'' overnight passenger trains.

The [[Hotel Glendale]], a six-story [[Beaux-Arts architecture|beaux-arts]] building which boasted 160 rooms and two elevators, became Glendale's tallest building when it opened in 1925.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hotel Glendale |url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail/d80e8293-bceb-4b39-af76-e440b8fc1187 |publisher=National Park Service}}</ref> Its location, at the intersection of Broadway and Glendale Avenue, was chosen because of its proximity to several transportation lines.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/socal/glendale-news-press/news/tn-gnp-xpm-2009-02-27-gnp-yamada27-story.html|work=[[Glendale News-Press]]|author=Katherine Yamada|title=VERDUGO VIEWS|date=February 27, 2009|access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref>

The [[Alex Theatre|Alexander Theatre]] opened in 1925, and featured [[vaudeville]] performances and [[silent film]]s on a single screen.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Holly Andres |date=September 2, 2021 |title=Historic Alex Theatre in Glendale celebrates its 96th year with an open house on Sept. 4 |url=https://www.dailynews.com/2021/09/02/historic-alex-theatre-in-glendale-celebrates-its-96th-year-with-an-open-house-on-sept-4/ |access-date=August 14, 2024 |website=[[Los Angeles Daily News]] |archive-date=August 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814230336/https://www.dailynews.com/2021/09/02/historic-alex-theatre-in-glendale-celebrates-its-96th-year-with-an-open-house-on-sept-4/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:TWA DC-1.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Douglas DC-1]] at [[Grand Central Airport (California)|Grand Central Airport]], circa 1933]]
The [[Grand Central Airport (California)|Grand Central Airport]] opened in 1929. Within a year, the enterprise was sold to the [[Curtiss-Wright|Curtiss-Wright Flying Service]],<ref name="curtiss-wright">{{Cite web |url=http://grandcentralair.glendaleca.gov/images/timeline/23_curtis_wright_flying_svc_01_1930_big.gif |title=Curtiss-Wright Flying Service |access-date=2017-06-07 |archive-date=2017-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108005116/http://grandcentralair.glendaleca.gov/images/timeline/23_curtis_wright_flying_svc_01_1930_big.gif |url-status=dead}}</ref> managed by [[C. C. Moseley]], a co-founder of the future [[Western Airlines]]. It became the city's largest employer. It was also at Grand Central that Moseley established the first of his private flying schools, [[Curtiss-Wright Technical Institute]] (later renamed Cal-Aero Academy).

The [[Renaissance Revival architecture|Renaissance Revival]]-style [[Glendale Main Post Office]] opened in 1934.<ref name=SmithDougSymb>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Doug|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1988-12-22-gl-846-story.html|title=Downtown Glendale post office is a powerful symbol of grace and stability. |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=December 22, 1988|access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> 
Several [[Works Progress Administration]] projects were constructed in Glendale during the 1930s, including [[Glendale Community College (California)|Glendale Community College]]'s John A. Davitt Administration Building (1937)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://livingnewdeal.org/sites/glendale-community-college-glendale-ca/|website=Living New Deal|title=Glendale Community College – Glendale CA|access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref> and the Glendale Civic Auditorium (1938).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://livingnewdeal.org/sites/civic-auditorium-glendale-ca/|website=Living New Deal|title=Civic Auditorium – Glendale CA|access-date=January 20, 2025}}</ref>

====Second World War and post-war development====
The [[World War II|Second World War]] proved to be a boon to Glendale as Southern California became a major [[staging area]] for the [[Pacific War]]. [[Grand Central Airport (California)|Grand Central Airport]] served as a training facility for [[pilots]] and [[mechanic]]s,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.laconservancy.org/learn/historic-places/grand-central-air-terminal/|title=Grand Central Air Terminal|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> while a [[foundry]] on San Fernando Road produced airplane parts.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.laconservancy.org/learn/historic-places/moonlight-rollerway/|title=Moonlight Rollerway|access-date=February 26, 2025}}</ref>

In 1941, the city launched a municipal [[bus]] system named Glendale City Lines.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagorailfan.com/bcloshis.html|title=MAJOR BUS COMPANIES SERVING LOS ANGELES|access-date=February 26, 2025}}</ref>

In 1942, a new [[Glendale City Hall]], a [[Works Progress Administration]] project in the [[Art Deco in the United States#PWA Moderne|PWA Moderne]] style, was completed on the site of Glendale's first permanent City Hall from 1912.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://livingnewdeal.org/sites/city-hall-glendale-ca/|website=Living New Deal|title=City Hall – Glendale CA|access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref> In 1943, the [[Los Angeles County Superior Court]] opened a [[courthouse]] in Glendale.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lacourt.org/generalinfo/aboutthecourt/GI_AC004.aspx|website=Los Angeles County Superior Court|title=Historical Perspective|access-date=February 3, 2025}}</ref> 
[[File:Last Day of Glendale–Burbank Line Service (June 19, 1955).jpg|thumb|right|Last day of Glendale–Burbank Line service (June 19, 1955)]]
In October 1953, the [[Glendale–Burbank Line]] came under the purview of [[Metropolitan Coach Lines]], which initiated a series of service reductions. [[Interurban]] service ended in 1955, bringing an end to Glendale's [[streetcar suburb]] era.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 20, 1955 |title=L.A. Subway Closes After Special Trolley Car Trip |page=8 |agency=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=http://libraryarchives.metro.net/DPGTL/Glendale-Burbank%20line/LST%20run.pdf |access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://libraryarchives.metro.net/DPGTL/pacificelectric/1958-history-of-rail-passenger-service-operated-by-pacific-electric-since-1911.pdf|title=A History Of The Rail Passenger Service Operated By The Pacific Electric Railway Company Since 1911 And By Its Successors Since 1953|author=Laurence R. Veysey|date=1958}}</ref>

With the proliferation of [[jet aircraft]], Grand Central Airport's relatively short 3,400-foot runway was unable to accommodate modern aircraft. In 1959, the airport shut down.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/ca3102/|title=Grand Central Air Terminal, 1310 Air Way, Glendale, Los Angeles County, CA|access-date=January 16, 2025}}</ref> In 1961, [[Walt Disney]] purchased a large portion of the closed airport to establish a creative workshop for employees working on the construction of [[Disney Experiences|Disney theme parks]] and attractions worldwide. Initially named WED Enterprises, the team came to be known as [[Walt Disney Imagineering]].<ref name="gdnp">{{cite news|last1=Kleinbaum|first1=Josh|title=Bringing magic to San Fernando|url=http://articles.glendalenewspress.com/2004-05-12/news/export10340_1_grand-central-creative-campus-disney-imagineering-disney-and-city-officials|access-date=February 26, 2025|work=Glendale News Press|publisher=Tribume Publishing|date=May 12, 2004|archive-date=December 29, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229033104/http://articles.glendalenewspress.com/2004-05-12/news/export10340_1_grand-central-creative-campus-disney-imagineering-disney-and-city-officials|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Until as late as the 1960s, Glendale was a [[sundown town]], which meant that non-[[White people|white]] people were required to leave city limits by a certain time each day or risk arrest and possible violence.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Crouch |first=Angie |date=October 13, 2020 |title=City of Glendale Apologizes for Its History as a 'Sundown Town' |url=https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/city-of-glendale-apologizes-for-its-history-as-a-sundown-town/2443011/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118151026/https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/city-of-glendale-apologizes-for-its-history-as-a-sundown-town/2443011/ |archive-date=January 18, 2021 |access-date=January 11, 2021 |publisher=NBC Los Angeles}}</ref> This was achieved through, among other methods, [[racism|racist]] housing [[Covenant_(law)#Exclusionary_covenants|covenants]] and police intimidation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-10-15/glendale-racist-past-sundown-town-apology|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|title=Glendale confronts its racist past, apologizing for ‘sundown’ laws|author=Lila Seidman|date=October 15, 2020|access-date=March 28, 2025}}</ref> 

In 1964, Glendale was selected by [[George Lincoln Rockwell]] to be the West Coast headquarters of the [[American Nazi Party]]. In 1965, an anti-Nazi [[political demonstration]] co-sponsored by several groups, Christians Against Bigotry, Anti-Nazi Congress of America, and Jewish Survivors of Concentration Camps, featured [[actor]] [[Ronald Reagan]] as a speaker. The [[Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors]] became involved, amending a law regarding the activities of subversive groups, which was originally drafted in 1941 to control the [[German American Bund]].<ref>{{Citeweb|url=https://glendalereckoning.org/NazisinGlendale/|title=Nazis in Glendale|website=[[Glendale Public Library#ReflectSpace|ReflectSpace]]|access-date=March 27, 2025}}</ref> After a legal battle with the city of Glendale, the party moved their headquarters to [[El Monte, California|El Monte]] in 1966.<ref>{{Cite news |date=February 16, 2018 |title=From the Archives: A protest at Nazi headquarters in El Monte |url=https://www.latimes.com/visuals/photography/la-me-fw-archives-protest-at-nazi-headquarters-in-el-monte-20171005-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009184539/https://www.latimes.com/visuals/photography/la-me-fw-archives-protest-at-nazi-headquarters-in-el-monte-20171005-story.html |archive-date=October 9, 2020 |access-date=October 13, 2020 |work=LA Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 4, 2014 |title=The American Nazi Party's attempts to establish itself in the South Bay |url=http://blogs.dailybreeze.com/history/2014/01/04/the-american-nazi-partys-attempts-to-establish-itself-in-the-south-bay/?doing_wp_cron=1602629332.1215291023254394531250 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201014144634/http://blogs.dailybreeze.com/history/2014/01/04/the-american-nazi-partys-attempts-to-establish-itself-in-the-south-bay/?doing_wp_cron=1602629332.1215291023254394531250 |archive-date=October 14, 2020 |access-date=October 13, 2020 |publisher=The Daily Breeze}}</ref> 

====Demographic changes and urbanization====
The emergence of increasingly visible ethnic groups — including [[Armenians]], [[Cubans]], [[Filipinos]] and [[Koreans]] — changed the official discourse in Glendale. In 1972, C.E. Perkins, then [[city manager]], encouraged the [[Rotary International|Rotary Club of Glendale]] to prepare itself as the city could no longer remain isolated in an increasingly diverse America.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Arroyo |first=Juliet |title=Glendale, 1940–2000: Images of America |date=2006 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=0738531073}}</ref> Through the 1970s, concurrent with increasing immigration into Glendale, was the city's rapid [[urbanization]].<ref name="Edwin Lopez">{{Cite news |url=https://elvaq.com/campus/2008/06/05/glendale/|work=[[El Vaquero]]|title=Glendale|author=Edwin Lopez|date=June 4, 2008|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> During this era, the [[Glendale Freeway]] and the [[Ventura Freeway]] were constructed. The [[Glendale Galleria]] shopping mall opened in 1976, and was further expanded in 1982.<ref name="LAtimes1">{{cite web|title=Glendale Galleria owners launch major makeover of mall - latimes|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=https://www.latimes.com/la-xpm-2012-apr-30-la-fi-property-report-20120430-story.html|access-date=January 21, 2025}}</ref>

In the 1980s, many [[Single-family detached home|single-family homes]] in south Glendale were demolished for [[apartment]] and [[condominium]] construction. This construction boom resulted in Glendale's population growing at a rate 60% higher than that of the county at large, turning the city into a denser, younger and more cosmopolitan urban center.<ref name="Rodriguez">{{Cite news |last=Rodriguez |first=Gregory |date=June 16, 1996 |title=Glendale's 'Racist Shadow' Shrinks as City Transforms Itself |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-06-16-op-15622-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108213253/http://articles.latimes.com/1996-06-16/opinion/op-15622_1_city-officials |archive-date=January 8, 2019 |access-date=January 21, 2025|work=[[The Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> In 1983, [[Larry Zarian]] was elected as the city's first Armenian [[city council]] member, and in 1986, he became the city's first Armenian [[mayor]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.glendaleca.gov/government/city-hall/mayors-gallery |title=Mayors' Gallery |website=glendaleca.gov |access-date=January 21, 2025}}</ref> In 1984, the city revived municipal bus service with the [[Glendale Beeline]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-30-gl-8607-story.html|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|title=Beeline Bus Routes to Be Extended by 2 Miles|date=October 30, 1986|access-date=February 25, 2025}}</ref>

By 1990, Glendale was, proportionately, more immigrant than either the [[Los Angeles|city]] or [[county of Los Angeles]], with 45% of its residents being foreign-born.<ref name="Rodriguez"/>  By the mid-1990s, Glendale's [[Anglo-Americans|Anglo-American]] population had been surpassed by Armenians and [[Latino (demonym)|Latinos]].<ref name="Edwin Lopez"/> Some Anglo-American residents, largely fueled by [[anti-Armenian sentiment]], decried the increased density in South Glendale.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rodriguez |first=Gregory |date=June 16, 1996 |title=Glendale's 'Racist Shadow' Shrinks as City Transforms Itself |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-06-16-op-15622-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108213253/http://articles.latimes.com/1996-06-16/opinion/op-15622_1_city-officials |archive-date=January 8, 2019 |access-date=January 15, 2025|work=[[The Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref>

====Recent history====
[[Image:Nestlé building from Glenoaks 2014 (cropped2).jpg|thumb|200px|High-rises in Downtown Glendale]]
By the 2000s, Glendale had outgrown its "[[Commuter town|bedroom community]]" reputation as an urban area of its own, in large part due to the [[Americana at Brand]] outdoor shopping and residential community. The new development was opened to the public in 2008, featuring 75 shops, restaurants, apartments, condominiums, and an 18-plex [[movie theater|cinema]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vincent |first=Roger |date=April 25, 2008 |title=An outpost of glitz in Glendale |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-apr-25-fi-americana25-story.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190910145955/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-apr-25-fi-americana25-story.html |archive-date=September 10, 2019 |access-date=July 18, 2021 |work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref name="Edwin Lopez"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.sfgate.com/la/article/living-in-california-first-mall-with-housing-19824132.php|work=[[SF Gate]]|author=Tessa McLean|title=This may be the future for California's 'dead' malls|date=October 15, 2024|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> In 2023, Americana at Brand owner [[Caruso (company)|Caruso]] claimed that the [[lifestyle center]] had "replac[ed] blighted properties and ignit[ed] a wave of higher-end housing, retail, office space and hotel development in Glendale."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://caruso.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/the-americana-at-brand-celebrates-15-years-as-glendale-icon/|title=The Americana at Brand Celebrates 15 Years as Glendale Icon|date=July 6, 2023|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> Since opening, the center has expanded its offering of [[luxury goods]], adding [[Bottega Veneta]], [[Byredo]], [[Chanel]], [[David Yurman]], [[Golden Goose (company)|Golden Goose]], [[Gucci]], [[Louis Vuitton]], [[Tiffany & Co.]] and [[Yves Saint Laurent (fashion house)|Yves Saint Laurent]] stores.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://us.fashionnetwork.com/news/The-americana-at-brand-strengthens-luxury-offering-for-15th-anniversary,1585982.html|work=Fashion Network|title=The Americana at Brand strengthens luxury offering for 15th anniversary|author=Alexis Chenu|date=December 3, 2023|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://americanaatbrand.com/shopping/|title=Shopping|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> 

In response to the Americana at Brand's opening, the Glendale Galleria underwent an extensive renovation in 2012.<ref name="LAtimes1"/><ref name="renovation_starts_2012">{{cite web|url=https://la.curbed.com/2012/4/25/10376764/hard-work-of-modernizing-the-glendale-galleria-has-begun|title=Hard Work of Modernizing the Glendale Galleria Has Begun|date=April 25, 2012|publisher=Curbed Los Angeles|access-date=January 21, 2025}}</ref> By 2014, the construction of thousands of [[luxury apartment]]s in downtown Glendale raised fears of [[gentrification]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/socal/glendale-news-press/news/tn-gnp-glendale-city-council-approves-housing-goals-20140130-story.html|work=[[Glendale News-Press]]|title=Glendale City Council approves housing goals|author=Brittany Levine|date=January 30, 2014|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> The post-Americana development boom has also included several [[hotel]]s, such as a [[Hampton by Hilton|Hampton Inn & Suites]] (2016),<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://vistainvestments.com/hampton-inn-suites-construction-begins-in-glendale-ca/|title=Hampton Inn & Suites Construction Begins in Glendale, CA|date=January 22, 2015 |access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> a [[Hyatt|Hyatt Place]] (2017),<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://la.urbanize.city/post/hyatt-place-topped-out-glendale|title=Hyatt Place Topped Out in Glendale|work=Urbanize LA|author=Steven Sharp|date=September 1, 2017|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> [[Marriott International|The Glenmark]] (2020)<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.hotel-online.com/press_releases/release/azul-hospitality-group-opens-the-glenmark-glendale-a-tribute-portfolio-hotel/|title=Azul Hospitality Group Opens The Glenmark, Glendale, A Tribute Portfolio Hotel|date=July 23, 2020|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> and a [[Hotel Indigo]] (2025).<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://la.urbanize.city/post/hotel-indigo-under-construction-515-n-central-ave-glendale|title=Hotel Indigo under construction at 515 N. Central Ave. in Glendale|date=August 2, 2024|access-date=January 15, 2025}}</ref> There has also been an increase in "luxury [[Wellness (alternative medicine)|wellness]]" in Glendale, including [[Alo Yoga]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://americanaatbrand.com/shopping/alo-yoga/|title=Alo Yoga|access-date=April 28, 2025}}</ref> and [[Lululemon]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://americanaatbrand.com/shopping/lululemon/|title=Lululemon|access-date=April 28, 2025}}</ref> athletic apparel stores; an [[Equinox Group|Equinox]] [[health club]];<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.equinox.com/clubs/southern-california/the-valley/glendale|title=Glendale|access-date=April 28, 2025}}</ref> and an upcoming [[Erewhon Market]] [[grocery store]], "a [[wikt:stone's throw|stone's throw]] from a lower-cost competitor, [[Whole Foods Market]]."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sfgate.com/la/article/erewhon-new-la-locations-20054400.php|work=[[SF Gate]]|title=Luxury LA grocery chain Erewhon plots 3 new Southern California locations|author=Farley Elliott|date=January 24, 2025|access-date=April 28, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-22 |title='Erewhon 2.0' is coming with three new locations opening in 2025 |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2025-01-22/erewhon-to-open-three-new-stores |access-date=April 28, 2025 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>