Editing Geography of Finland (section)

===Quaternary glaciation===
{{further|Weichselian glaciation|Geology of Finland}}
The [[ice sheet]] that covered Finland intermittently during the [[Quaternary]] grew out from the [[Scandinavian Mountains]].<ref name=Fredin2002>{{cite journal|author-last=Fredin|author-first=Ola|date=2002|title= Glacial inception and Quaternary mountain glaciations in Fennoscandia |journal=[[Quaternary International]]|volume= 95–96 |pages=99–112 |doi=10.1016/s1040-6182(02)00031-9}}</ref> During the last [[deglaciation]] the first parts of Finland to become ice-free, the southeastern coast, did so slightly prior to the [[Younger Dryas]] cold-spell 12,700 years [[before present]] (BP). The retreat of the ice cover occurred simultaneously from the north-east, the east and southeast. The retreat was fastest from the southeast resulting in the lower course of [[Torne (Finnish and Swedish river)|Tornio]] being the last part of Finland to be deglaciated. Finally by 10,100 years BP the ice cover had all but left Finland to concentrate in Sweden and Norway before fading away.<ref name=Stroevenetal2016>{{cite journal|author-last=Stroeven|author-first=Arjen P. |author-last2=Hättestrand|author-first2=Clas |author-last3=Kleman|author-first3=Johan|author-last4=Heyman|author-first4=Jakob |author-last5=Fabel|author-first5=Derek |author-last6=Fredin|author-first6=Ola |author-last7=Goodfellow|author-first7=Bradley W. |author-last8=Harbor|author-first8=Jonathan M. |author-last9=Jansen|author-first9=John D. |author-last10=Olsen|author-first10=Lars |author-last11=Caffee|author-first11=Marc W. |author-last12=Fink|author-first12=David |author-last13=Lundqvist|author-first13=Jan |author-last14=Rosqvist|author-first14=Gunhild C. |author-last15=Strömberg|author-first15=Bo |author-last16=Jansson|author-first16=Krister N. |author-link13=Jan Lundqvist |date=2016|title=Deglaciation of Fennoscandia|journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=147|pages=91–121 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.09.016|doi-access=free|hdl=1956/11701|hdl-access=free}}</ref>

As the ice sheet became thinner and retreated the land begun to rise by effect of [[post-glacial rebound|isostacy]]. Much of Finland was under water when the ice retreated and was gradually uplifted in a process that continues today.<ref name=UppslagsFiLandhojning/>{{efn-ua|If current rates of uplift continue Sweden and Finland will have a land boundary across the [[Gulf of Bothnia]] at [[Kvarken]] in about 2,000 years.<ref name=UppslagsFiLandhojning/>}} Albeit not all areas were drowned at the same time it is estimated at time or another about 62% has been under water.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tikkanen |first1=Matti |last2=Oksanen |first2=Juha |date=2002 |title=Late Weichselian and Holocene shore displacement history of the Baltic Sea in Finland |url=http://www.helsinki.fi/maantiede/geofi/fennia/demo/pages/oksanen.htm |journal=[[Fennia (journal)|Fennia]] |volume=180 |issue=1–2 |access-date=December 22, 2017 }}</ref> Depending on location in Finland the ancient shoreline reached different maximum heights. In southern Finland 150 to 160 m, in central Finland about 200 m and in eastern Finland up to 220 m.<ref name=UppslagsFiLandhojning>{{cite web |url=http://uppslagsverket.fi/sv/sok/view-103684-Landhoejning |title=landhöjning |last=Lindberg |first=Johan |date=May 2, 2011 |website=[[Uppslagsverket Finland]] |access-date=November 30, 2017 |language=sv}}</ref>