Editing Frank Miller (section)

===The 1990s: ''Sin City'' and ''300''===
After announcing he intended to release his work only via the independent publisher [[Dark Horse Comics]], Miller completed one final project for [[Epic Comics]], the mature-audience imprint of Marvel Comics. ''[[Elektra Lives Again]]'' was a fully painted [[graphic novel]] written and drawn by Miller and colored by longtime partner [[Lynn Varley]].<ref>Manning, Matthew K. "1990s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 253: "Frank Miller made his triumphant return to Elektra, the character he breathed life into and then subsequently snuffed out, with the graphic novel ''Elektra Lives Again''."</ref> Telling the story of the [[resurrection]] of Elektra from the dead and Daredevil's quest to find her, as well as showing Miller's will to experiment with new story-telling techniques.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Irving |first=Christopher |date=December 1, 2010 |title=Frank Miller Part 1: Dames, Dark Knights, Devils, and Heroes |url=http://www.nycgraphicnovelists.com/2010/12/frank-miller-part-1-dames-dark-knights.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701074451/http://www.nycgraphicnovelists.com/2010/12/frank-miller-part-1-dames-dark-knights.html |archive-date=July 1, 2012 |access-date=November 25, 2011 |publisher=NYCGraphicNovelists.com |quote=Miller works Matt's narrating captions between the present, the past, and his dream imagery of Elektra, a fragmentation given a voiceover straight out of an old crime book, but with a heavy dose of sensitivity that never veers into the maudlin.}}</ref>

1990 saw Miller and artist [[Geof Darrow]] start work on ''[[Hard Boiled (comic)|Hard Boiled]]'', a three-issue miniseries. The title, a mix of violence and satire, was praised for Darrow's highly detailed art and Miller's writing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Burgas |first=Greg |date=September 17, 2008 |title=Comics You Should Own – ''Hard Boiled'' |url=http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2008/09/17/comics-you-should-own-hard-boiled |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018204650/http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2008/09/17/comics-you-should-own-hard-boiled |archive-date=October 18, 2012 |access-date=November 25, 2011 |website=Comic Book Resources |quote=[W]e can see that Miller and Darrow were creating a marvelous satire, one that pulls no punches and lets none of us off the hook, which is what the best satire does. Hard Boiled is a wild and extremely fun ride, but it's also an insightful examination of a sickness in our society that we don't like to confront.}}</ref>  At the same time, Miller and artist [[Dave Gibbons]] produced ''[[Give Me Liberty (comics)|Give Me Liberty]]'', a four-issue miniseries for Dark Horse. ''Give Me Liberty'' was followed by sequel miniseries and specials expanding on the story of protagonist [[Martha Washington (comics)|Martha Washington]], an African-American woman in modern and near-future North America, all of which were written by Miller and drawn by Gibbons.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Give Me Liberty TPB :: Profile :: Dark Horse Comics |url=https://www.darkhorse.com/Books/44-329/Give-Me-Liberty-TPB#prettyPhoto |access-date=2021-06-23 |website=www.darkhorse.com |archive-date=June 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204728/https://www.darkhorse.com/Books/44-329/Give-Me-Liberty-TPB#prettyPhoto |url-status=live }}</ref>

Miller wrote the scripts for the science fiction films ''[[RoboCop 2]]'' and ''[[RoboCop 3]]'', about a police [[cyborg]]. Neither was critically well received.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Maslin |first=Janet |date=June 22, 1990 |title=Robocop 2 (1990) Review/Film; New Challenge and Enemy For a Cybernetic Organism |work=The New York Times |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9C0CE7D71139F931A15755C0A966958260 |access-date=November 25, 2011 |archive-date=July 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711213429/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/22/movies/review-film-new-challenge-and-enemy-for-a-cybernetic-organism.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |date=November 5, 1993 |title=''RoboCop 3'' |work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19931105/REVIEWS/311050305/1023 |url-status=dead |access-date=November 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520015022/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19931105%2FREVIEWS%2F311050305%2F1023 |archive-date=May 20, 2009}}</ref> In 2007, Miller stated that "There was a lot of interference in the writing process. It wasn't ideal. After working on the two Robocop movies, I really thought that was it for me in the business of film."<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=June 20, 2007 |title=Miller: 'Robocop Movies Almost Put Me Off Hollywood' |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/news/miller-robocop-movies-almost-put-me-off-hollywood_1034760 |magazine=[[Contactmusic.com]] |access-date=November 25, 2011 |archive-date=March 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329004319/http://www.contactmusic.com/news/miller-robocop-movies-almost-put-me-off-hollywood_1034760 |url-status=live }}</ref> Miller came into contact with the fictional cyborg once more, writing the comic-book miniseries ''[[RoboCop Versus The Terminator (comics)|RoboCop Versus The Terminator]]'', with art by [[Walter Simonson]]. In 2003, Miller's screenplay for ''RoboCop 2'' was adapted by [[Steven Grant]] for [[Avatar Press]]'s Pulsaar imprint. Illustrated by [[Juan Jose Ryp]], the series is called ''[[Frank Miller's RoboCop]]'' and contains plot elements that were divided between ''RoboCop 2'' and ''RoboCop 3''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Janson |first=Tim |date=April 27, 2007 |title=Review: Frank Miller's ROBOCOP |url=http://www.avatarpress.com/2007/04/review-frank-millers-robocop/ |access-date=November 25, 2011 |website=[[Avatar Press]] |archive-date=March 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327045626/http://www.avatarpress.com/2007/04/review-frank-millers-robocop/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1991, Miller started work on his first ''[[Sin City]]'' story. Serialized in ''[[Dark Horse Presents]]'' #51–62, it proved to be another success, and the story was released in a [[Trade paperback (comics)|trade paperback]]. This first Sin City "yarn" was rereleased in 1995 under the name ''[[The Hard Goodbye]]''. ''Sin City'' proved to be Miller's main project for much of the remainder of the decade, as Miller told [[List of Sin City yarns|more Sin City stories]] within this noir world of his creation, in the process helping to revitalize the [[crime comics]] genre.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lindenmuth |first=Brian |date=December 14, 2010 |title=The Fall (and Rise) of the Crime Comic |url=http://www.mulhollandbooks.com/2010/12/14/a-history-of-and-appreciation-for-crime-comics |access-date=November 13, 2011 |newspaper=[[Hachette Book Group USA|Mulholland Books]] |quote=As much as ''100 Bullets'' is a cornerstone of the modern crime comic, it did not spring fully formed into the world. The modern crime comic era started a few years earlier with two releases: the high-profile Sin City by Frank Miller and the independent Stray Bullets by David Lapham. |archive-date=January 21, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120121060349/http://www.mulhollandbooks.com/2010/12/14/a-history-of-and-appreciation-for-crime-comics/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Sin City'' proved artistically auspicious for Miller and again brought his work to a wider audience without comics. Miller lived in [[Los Angeles]], California in the 1990s, which influenced ''Sin City''. He later lived in the [[Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan|Hell's Kitchen]] neighborhood of [[New York City]], which was also an influence.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cavna |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Cavna |date=August 21, 2014 |title=For new 'Sin City,' Frank Miller draws out performances that go beyond the scripted |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/for-new-sin-city-frank-miller-draws-out-performances-that-go-beyond-the-scripted/2014/08/21/00f4ecc0-2944-11e4-86ca-6f03cbd15c1a_story.html |access-date=August 21, 2017 |archive-date=April 12, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412042544/http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/for-new-sin-city-frank-miller-draws-out-performances-that-go-beyond-the-scripted/2014/08/21/00f4ecc0-2944-11e4-86ca-6f03cbd15c1a_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

''[[Daredevil: The Man Without Fear]]'' was a five issue miniseries published by Marvel Comics in 1993. In this story, Miller and artist [[John Romita Jr.]] told Daredevil's origins differently from in the previous comics, and they provided additional detail to his beginnings.<ref>Manning "1990s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 264: "Comic legends Frank Miller and John Romita, Jr. united to tell a new version of Daredevil's origin in this carefully crafted five-issue miniseries."</ref> Miller also returned to superheroes by writing issue #11 of [[Todd McFarlane]]'s ''[[Spawn (comics)|Spawn]]'', as well as the ''[[Spawn/Batman]]'' crossover for [[Image Comics]].<ref>Manning "1990s" in Dolan, p. 267: "This prestige one-shot marked Frank Miller's return to Batman and was labeled as a companion piece to his classic 1986 work ''Batman: The Dark Knight Returns''. The issue was drawn by Todd McFarlane, one of the most popular artists in comic book history."</ref>

In 1994, Miller became one of the founding members of the comic imprint Legend, under which many of his Sin City works were released via [[Dark Horse Comics]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Duncan |first1=Randy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2GNaoeiY51EC&pg=PA515 |title=Icons of the American Comic Book: From Captain America to Wonder Woman |last2=Smith |first2=Matthew J. |date=2013 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group|ABC-Clio/Greenwood]] |isbn=978-0-313-39923-7 |volume=1 |location=Santa Barbara, California |page=515 |access-date=September 19, 2021 |archive-date=December 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231229012205/https://books.google.com/books?id=2GNaoeiY51EC&pg=PA515 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1995, Miller and Darrow collaborated again on ''[[Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot]]'', published as a two-part miniseries by Dark Horse.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Matt D. |date=April 28, 2014 |title=Dark Horse Presents Reformats In August With Big Guy & Rusty |url=http://comicsalliance.com/dark-horse-presents-relaunch-big-guy-and-rusty-the-boy-robot/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129211647/http://comicsalliance.com/dark-horse-presents-relaunch-big-guy-and-rusty-the-boy-robot/ |archive-date=November 29, 2014 |access-date=November 20, 2014 |website=Comics Alliance}}</ref> In 1999, it became an [[Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot (TV series)|animated series]] on ''[[Fox Kids]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bernardin |first=Marc |date=May 26, 2010 |title=Where's my goddamn Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot movie? |url=http://io9.com/5548129/wheres-my-goddamn-big-guy-and-rusty-the-boy-robot-movie |access-date=November 20, 2014 |website=io9 |archive-date=November 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129032618/http://io9.com/5548129/wheres-my-goddamn-big-guy-and-rusty-the-boy-robot-movie |url-status=live }}</ref>

Written and illustrated by Miller with painted colors by Varley, [[300 (comics)|''300'']] was a 1998 comic-book [[miniseries]], released as a hardcover collection in 1999, retelling the [[Battle of Thermopylae]] and the events leading up to it from the perspective of [[Leonidas]] of Sparta. ''300'' was particularly inspired by the 1962 film ''[[The 300 Spartans]]'', a movie that Miller watched as a young boy.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Green |first=Karen |date=December 3, 2010 |title=Into the Valley of Death? |url=http://www.comixology.com/articles/421/Into-the-Valley-of-Death- |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020072533/http://www.comixology.com/articles/421/Into-the-Valley-of-Death- |archive-date=October 20, 2011 |access-date=November 25, 2011 |publisher=[[ComiXology]] |quote=It's like something out of Hollywood, right? Hollywood thought so, too. They made a movie in 1962 called ''The 300 Spartans'', which 5-year-old Frank Miller saw in the theater, and it had a powerful influence on him.}}</ref>
[[File:Frank Miller Fan Expo Wiki.jpg|thumb|Miller during a ''[[The Dark Knight III: The Master Race]]'' panel held at Fan Expo 2016 in Toronto, Canada]]