Editing Folk music (section)

=== Origins ===
[[File:Indian village musicians.jpg|thumb|Indians always distinguished between classical and folk music, though in the past even classical Indian music used to rely on the unwritten transmission of repertoire.]]
[[File:Navneet-Aditya-Waiba-Live.jpg|thumb|Indian Nepali folk musician [[Navneet Aditya Waiba]]]]

Throughout most of human history, listening to [[recorded music]] was not possible.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Day |first1=Timothy |title=A century of recorded music : listening to musical history |date=2000 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |isbn=978-0-300-09401-5 |url=https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300094015/century-recorded-music |access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=How listening to music has changed - CBBC Newsround |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/27101804 |access-date=11 October 2021 |publisher=BBC |date=21 April 2019}}</ref> Music was made by common people during both their work and leisure, as well as during religious activities. The work of economic production was often manual and communal.<ref>{{cite web |title=Work in the Late 19th Century {{!}} Rise of Industrial America, 1876-1900 {{!}} U.S. History Primary Source Timeline {{!}} Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress {{!}} Library of Congress |url=https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/united-states-history-primary-source-timeline/rise-of-industrial-america-1876-1900/work-in-late-19th-century/ |website=Library of Congress|access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref> [[Manual labor]] often included singing by the workers, which served several practical purposes.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wolterstroff |first1=Nicholas |title=Work Songs {{!}} The Yale ISM Review |url=https://ismreview.yale.edu/article/work-songs/ |website=ismreview.yale.edu |access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref> It reduced the [[boredom]] of repetitive tasks, it kept the [[rhythm]] during [[Synchronization|synchronized]] pushes and pulls, and it set the pace of many activities such as [[Sowing|planting]], [[weeding]], [[reaping]], [[threshing]], [[weaving]], and [[Milling (grinding)|milling]]. In [[leisure time]], singing and playing [[musical instrument]]s were common forms of entertainment and history-telling—even more common than today when electrically enabled technologies and widespread literacy make other forms of entertainment and information-sharing competitive.<ref name="SeegerLomaxDocumentary">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hr9FP93o8Ro | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/Hr9FP93o8Ro?url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hr9FP93o8Ro| archive-date=2021-10-16|title=To Hear Your Banjo Play, Alan Lomax's 1947 Documentary narrated by Pete Seeger |publisher=YouTube |date=June 14, 2007 |access-date=December 29, 2012}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Some believe that folk music originated as [[art music]] that was changed and probably debased by oral transmission while reflecting the character of the society that produced it.<ref name=" Percy Scholes 1977" /> In many societies, especially preliterate ones, the cultural transmission of folk music requires [[Learning music by ear|learning by ear]], although [[Musical notation|notation]] has evolved in some cultures.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Harris |first1=Christina |title=What is Folk Music? The History of English and American Traditional Music |url=https://iowalum.com/what-is-folk-music/ |website=IOWALUM |access-date=11 October 2021 |date=21 September 2021 |archive-date=October 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017000332/https://iowalum.com/what-is-folk-music/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Different cultures may have different notions concerning a division between "folk" music on the one hand and of "art" and "court" music on the other. In the proliferation of popular music genres, some traditional folk music became also referred to as "[[World music]]" or "Roots music".<ref>{{cite web |title=Traditional and Ethnic {{!}} Musical Styles {{!}} Articles and Essays {{!}} The Library of Congress Celebrates the Songs of America {{!}} Digital Collections {{!}} Library of Congress |url=https://www.loc.gov/collections/songs-of-america/articles-and-essays/musical-styles/traditional-and-ethnic/ |website=Library of Congress|access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref>

The English term "[[folklore]]", to describe traditional folk music and dance, entered the vocabulary of many continental European nations, each of which had its folk-song collectors and revivalists.<ref name=" Percy Scholes 1977" /> The distinction between "authentic" folk and national and [[popular song]] in general has always been loose, particularly in America and Germany<ref name=" Percy Scholes 1977" /> – for example, popular songwriters such as [[Stephen Foster]] could be termed "folk" in America.<ref name=" Percy Scholes 1977" /><ref>A.L.Lloyd, ''Folk Song in England'', Panther Arts, 1969</ref> The [[International Folk Music Council]] definition allows that the term can also apply to music that, "...has originated with an individual composer and has subsequently been absorbed into the unwritten, living tradition of a community. But the term does not cover a song, dance, or tune that has been taken over ready-made and remains unchanged."<ref>Quoted by both Scholes (1977) and Lloyd (1969).</ref>

The post–[[World War II]] folk revival in America and in Britain started a new genre, [[Contemporary Folk Music]], and brought an additional meaning to the term "folk music": newly composed songs, fixed in form and by known authors, which imitated some form of traditional music. The popularity of "contemporary folk" recordings caused the appearance of the category "Folk" in the [[Grammy Award]]s of 1959;<ref>{{cite web |date=28 November 2017 |title=2nd Annual GRAMMY Awards |url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/2nd-annual-grammy-awards-1959 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126204309/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/2nd-annual-grammy-awards-1959 |archive-date=26 January 2022 |access-date=11 October 2021 |website=GRAMMY.com |language=en}}</ref> in 1970 the term was dropped in favor of "Best Ethnic or Traditional Recording (including Traditional Blues)",<ref>{{cite web |date=28 November 2017 |title=13th Annual GRAMMY Awards |url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/13th-annual-grammy-awards-1970 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110170341/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/13th-annual-grammy-awards-1970 |archive-date=10 January 2022 |access-date=11 October 2021 |website=GRAMMY.com |language=en}}</ref> while 1987 brought a distinction between "Best Traditional Folk Recording" and "Best Contemporary Folk Recording".<ref>{{cite web |date=28 November 2017 |title=30th Annual GRAMMY Awards |url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/30th-annual-grammy-awards-1987 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108214433/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/awards/30th-annual-grammy-awards-1987 |archive-date=8 January 2022 |access-date=11 October 2021 |website=GRAMMY.com |language=en}}</ref> After that, they had a "Traditional music" category that subsequently evolved into others. The term "folk", by the start of the 21st century, could cover singer-songwriters, such as [[Donovan]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Scottish Psychedelic Folk singer and songwriter Donovan turns 75 today |url=https://www.popexpresso.com/2021/05/10/the-scottish-psychedelic-folk-singer-and-songwriter-donovan-turns-75-today/ |website=popexpresso.com |access-date=11 October 2021}}</ref> from Scotland and American [[Bob Dylan]],<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kooper |first1=Al |title=Bob Dylan {{!}} Biography, Songs, Albums, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bob-Dylan-American-musician |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=11 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref> who emerged in the 1960s and much more. This completed a process to where "folk music" no longer meant only traditional folk music.<ref name=" Ronald D. Cohen 2006 pp. 1-2" />