Editing First Intifada (section)

== Casualties ==
[[File:Arton8011.jpg|thumb|Barricades during the Intifada]]
In the first year in the Gaza Strip alone, 142 Palestinians were killed, while no Israelis died. 77 were shot dead, and 37 died from tear-gas inhalation. 17 died from beatings at the hand of Israeli police or soldiers.<ref name="Filiu">[[Jean-Pierre Filiu]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=4fhzBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA207 ''Gaza: A History''], Oxford University Press p. 206.</ref> During the whole six-year intifada, the Israeli army killed from 1,087 to 1,204 (or 1,284)<ref name="BTF">{{cite web|url=https://www.btselem.org/statistics/first_intifada_tables|work=B'tselem|accessdate=8 December 2023|title=Fatalities in the first Intifada}}</ref><ref name="Nasrallah61">Rami Nasrallah, 'The First and Second Palestinian Intifadas,' in Joel Peters, David Newman (eds.) [https://books.google.com/books?id=kftqQdNNDWAC&pg=PA61 ''The Routledge Handbook on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict''], Routledge 2013 pp. 56–68 p. 61</ref><ref name="DAMH">Juan José López-Ibor, Jr., George Christodoulou, Mario Maj, Norman Sartorius, Ahmed Okasha (eds.),[https://books.google.com/books?id=1aUq67aKpeAC&pg=PA231 ''Disasters and Mental Health.''] John Wiley & Sons, 2005 p. 231.</ref> Palestinians, 241/332<ref name="DAMH" /> being children. Tens of thousands were arrested (some sources said 57,000;<ref name="Cronin" /><ref name="DAMH" /> others said 120,000),<ref>[http://www.washington-report.org/backissues/1297/9712081.html WRMEA] Donald Neff ''The Intifada Erupts, Forcing Israel to Recognize Palestinians''</ref> 481 were deported while 2,532 had their houses razed to the ground.<ref name="DAMH" /> Between December 1987 and June 1991, 120,000 were injured, 15,000 arrested and 1,882 homes demolished.<ref>Sumantra Bose, [https://books.google.com/books?id=lFVVyJr_xbwC&pg=PA243 ''Contested Lands: Israel-Palestine, Kashmir, Bosnia, Cyprus, and Sri Lanka,''] [[Harvard University Press]], 2007 p. 243</ref> One journalistic calculation reports that in the Gaza Strip alone from 1988 to 1993, some 60,706 Palestinians suffered injuries from shootings, beatings or tear gas.<ref name="Nasrallah">Nami Nasrallah, 'The First and Second Palestinian ''intifadas'',' in David Newman, Joel Peters (eds.) [https://books.google.com/books?id=kftqQdNNDWAC&pg=PA61 ''Routledge Handbook on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict,''] Routledge, 2013, pp. 56–67, p. 56.</ref> In the first five weeks alone, 35 Palestinians were killed and some 1,200 wounded. Some regarded the Israeli response as encouraging more Palestinians into participating.<ref>Ruth Margolies Beitler, ''The Path to Mass Rebellion: An Analysis of Two Intifadas'', p. 120</ref> [[B'Tselem]] calculated 179 Israelis killed, while official Israeli statistics place the total at 200 over the same period. 3,100 Israelis, 1,700 of them soldiers, and 1,400 civilians suffered injuries.<ref name="Nasrallah" /> By 1990 [[Ktzi'ot Prison]] in the [[Negev]] held approximately one out of every 50 West Bank and Gazan males older than 16 years.<ref>Human Rights Watch (HRW) (1991) ''Prison Conditions in Israel and the Occupied Territories. A Middle East Watch Report.'' Human Rights Watch. {{ISBN|978-1-56432-011-7}}. Pages 18, 64.</ref> [[Gerald Kaufman]] remarked: "[F]riends of Israel as well as foes have been shocked and saddened by that country's response to the disturbances."<ref name="McDowall1989_2b">[[#McDowall1989|McDowall (1989)]], p.&nbsp;[https://archive.org/details/palestineisraelu00mcdo/page/2 <!-- quote="friends of Israel as well as foes have been shocked and saddened by that country's response to the disturbances". --> 2.]</ref> In an article in the London Review of Books, [[John Mearsheimer]] and [[Stephen Walt]] asserted that IDF soldiers were given [[Baton (law enforcement)|truncheons]] and encouraged to break the bones of Palestinian protesters. The [[Sweden|Swedish]] branch of [[Save the Children]] estimated that "23,600 to 29,900 children required medical treatment for their beating injuries in the first two years of the Intifada", one third of whom were children under the age of ten years.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The Israel Lobby|journal=[[London Review of Books]]|last1=Mearsheimer|author1-link=John Mearsheimer|first1=John|last2=Walt|first2=Stephen|author2-link=Stephen Walt|volume=28|issue=6|year=2006|url=http://www.lrb.co.uk/v28/n06/john-mearsheimer/the-israel-lobby|pages=3–12}}</ref>

Israel adopted a policy of arresting key representatives of Palestinian institutions. After lawyers in Gaza went on strike to protest their inability to visit their detained clients, Israel detained the deputy head of its association without trial for six months. Dr. Zakariya al-Agha, the head of the Gaza Medical Association, was likewise arrested and held for a similar period of detention, as were several women active in Women's Work Committees. During Ramadan, many camps in Gaza were placed under curfew for weeks, impeding residents from buying food, and [[Al-Shati (camp)|Al-Shati]], Jabalya and [[Bureij|Burayj]] were subjected to saturation bombing by tear gas. During the first year of the Intifada, the total number of casualties in the camps from such bombing totalled 16.<ref>Vitullo pp. 51-2,</ref>

Between 1988 and 1992, intra-Palestinian violence claimed the lives of nearly 1,000.<ref name=phrmg_collaborators>{{cite web|url=http://www.phrmg.org/monitor2001/oct2001-collaborators.htm|title=Collaborators, One Year Al-Aqsa Intifada Fact Sheets And Figures|website=One Year Al-Aqsa Intifada Fact Sheets And Figures|publisher=The [[Palestinian Human Rights Monitoring Group]]|access-date=15 May 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070606212710/http://www.phrmg.org/monitor2001/oct2001-collaborators.htm|archive-date=6 June 2007}}</ref> By June 1990, according to [[Benny Morris]], "[T]he Intifada seemed to have lost direction. A symptom of the PLO's frustration was the great increase in the killing of suspected collaborators."<ref name="Morris1999_612">[[#Morris1999|Morris (1999)]], p.&nbsp;612.</ref> Roughly 18,000 Palestinians, compromised by Israeli intelligence, are said to have given information to the other side.<ref name="Pal" /> Collaborators were threatened with death or ostracism unless they desisted, and if their collaboration with the Occupying Power continued, were executed by special troops such as the "Black Panthers" and "Red Eagles". An estimated 771 (according to [[Associated Press]]) to 942 (according to the IDF) Palestinians were executed on suspicion of collaboration during the span of the Intifada.<ref>Sergio Catignani, [https://books.google.com/books?id=mfNBodDl0hgC&pg=PA81  ''Israeli Counter-Insurgency and the Intifadas: Dilemmas of a Conventional Army,'']  Routledge, 2008 pp. 81-84.</ref>