Editing Falcon (section)

===Fossil record===
*''[[Falco medius]]'' (Late Miocene of Cherevichnyi, Ukraine)<ref group=note>[[IZAN]] 45-4033: left [[carpometacarpus]]. Small species; possibly closer to kestrels than to peregrine lineage or hierofalcons, but may be more basal altogether due to its age</ref><ref name=Becker/><ref name=Mlikovsky/>
*''?Falco'' sp. (Late Miocene of Idaho)<ref group=note>[[Idaho Museum of Natural History|IMNH]] 27937. A [[coracoid]] of a [[merlin (bird)|merlin]]-sized species. It does not seem close to ''F. columbarius'' or the Recent North American species (Becker 1987).</ref>
*''Falco'' sp. (Early<ref name=Martin/> Pliocene of Kansas)<ref name=Feduccia/>
*''Falco'' sp. (Early Pliocene of Bulgaria – Early Pleistocene of Spain and Czech Republic)<ref group=note>A [[hierofalcon]] (Mlíkovský 2002)? If so, probably not close to the living species, but an earlier divergence that left no descendants; might be more than one species due to large range in time and/or include common ancestor of hierofalcons and peregrine-Barbary complex (Nittinger ''et al.'' 2005).</ref>
*''[[Falco oregonus]]'' (Early/Middle Pliocene of Fossil Lake, Oregon) – possibly not distinct from a living species
*''[[Falco umanskajae]]'' (Late Pliocene of Kryzhanovka, Ukraine) – includes "[[Falco odessanus]]", a ''[[nomen nudum]]''<!--- not italicized --><ref name=Sobolev/>
*''?[[Falco bakalovi]]'' (Late Pliocene of Varshets, Bulgaria)<ref>Boev, Z. 1999. ''Falco bakalovi'' sp. n. – a Late Pliocene falcon (Falconidae, Aves) from Varshets (W Bulgaria). – Geologica Balcanica, 29 (1–2): 131–35.</ref><ref>Boev, Z. 2011. New fossil record of the Late Pliocene kestrel (''Falco bakalovi'' Boev, 1999) from the type locality in Bulgaria. – Geologica Balcanica, 40 (1–3): 13–30.</ref>
*''[[Falco antiquus]]'' (Middle Pleistocene of Noailles, France and possibly Horvőlgy, Hungary)<ref group=note>Supposedly a [[saker falcon]] [[paleosubspecies]] (Mlíkovský 2002), but this is not too likely due to the probable [[Eemian]] origin of that species.</ref><ref name=Nittinger/><!-- Boreas, Vol. 32, pp. 521–31. -->
* [[Cuban kestrel]], ''Falco kurochkini'' (Late Pleistocene/Holocene of Cuba, West Indies)<!-- RevBiol18 p155 -->
* ''[[Falco chowi]]'' (China)
*''[[Falco bulgaricus]]'' (Late Miocene of Hadzhidimovo, Bulgaria)<ref>Boev, Z. 2011. ''Falco bulgaricus'' sp. n. (Aves, Falconiformes) from the Middle Miocene of Hadzhidimovo (SW Bulgaria). – Acta zoologica bulgarica, 63 (1): 17–35.</ref>

Several more paleosubspecies of extant species also been described; see species accounts for these.

''"Sushkinia" pliocaena'' from the Early Pliocene of Pavlodar (Kazakhstan) appears to be a falcon of some sort. It might belong in this genus or a closely related one.<ref name=Becker/> In any case, the genus name ''[[Sushkinia]]'' is invalid for this animal because it had already been allocated to a prehistoric [[dragonfly]] relative. In 2015 the bird genus was renamed ''[[Psushkinia]]''.<ref>Nikita V. Zelenkov; Evgeny N. Kurochkin (2015). "КЛАСС AVES". In E.N. Kurochkin; A.V. Lopatin; N.V. Zelenkov. Ископаемые позвоночные России и сопредельных стран. Ископаемые рептилии и птицы. Часть 3 / Fossil vertebrates of Russia and adjacent countries. Fossil Reptiles and Birds. Part 3. GEOS. pp. 86–290. {{ISBN|978-5-89118-699-6}}.</ref>

The supposed ''"Falco" pisanus'' was actually a pigeon of the genus ''[[Columba (genus)|Columba]]'', possibly the same as ''Columba omnisanctorum'', which, in that case, would adopt the older species name of the "falcon".<ref name= Mlikovsky/> The [[Eocene]] fossil ''"Falco" falconellus'' (or ''"F." falconella'') from Wyoming is a bird of uncertain affiliations, maybe a falconid, maybe not; it certainly does not belong in this genus. ''"Falco" readei'' is now considered a [[paleosubspecies]] of the [[yellow-headed caracara]] (''Milvago chimachima'').