Editing Evansville, Indiana (section)

==Geography==
The [[Evansville metropolitan area]], the [[List of United States metropolitan statistical areas by population|142nd largest]] in the United States, includes three [[Indiana]] [[County (United States)|counties]] ([[Posey County, Indiana|Posey]], [[Vanderburgh County|Vanderburgh]], and [[Warrick County|Warrick]]) and two [[Kentucky]] counties ([[Henderson County, Kentucky|Henderson]], and [[Webster County, Kentucky|Webster]]). The metropolitan area does not include [[Owensboro, Kentucky]], which is an adjacent metropolitan area about {{convert|30|mi|km|0}} southeast of Evansville. This area is sometimes referred to as "[[Evansville, IN–KY Metropolitan Statistical Area|Kentuckiana]]", although it is usually referred to as the “tri-state" by the local media.

According to the 2010 census, Evansville has an area of {{convert|44.622|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|44.15|sqmi|sqkm|2}} (or 98.94%) is land and {{convert|0.472|sqmi|sqkm|2}} (or 1.06%) is water.<ref name="census-g001">{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1822000|title=G001 - Geographic Identifiers - 2010 Census Summary File 1|access-date=2015-07-28|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213053247/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US1822000|archive-date=2020-02-13|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Topography===
The city's southern boundary lies on an oxbow in the Ohio River. Most of the city lies in a shallow valley surrounded by low rolling hills. The city's west side is built on these rolling hills and is home to [[Burdette Park]], [[Mesker Amphitheatre]], and [[Mesker Park Zoo]]. The eastern portion developed in the valley and is protected by a series of levees that closely follow the path of [[Interstate 69|I-69]]. Notable landmarks on the east side are the {{convert|240|acre|km2|1|adj=on}} [[Wesselman Woods Nature Preserve]] and the Angel Mounds State Historic Site, just southeast of Evansville, between Evansville and [[Newburgh, Indiana|Newburgh]].

===Cityscape===
''For more details on this topic, see [[List of tallest buildings in Evansville]]''

Evansville's original [[Downtown Evansville|downtown plat]] was made on about 200 acres, with streets running parallel to the river from northwest to southeast. Other streets nearby were later laid out on the cardinal points, due north–south, and east–west. Thus, anyone entering or leaving downtown finds the street makes a confusing oblique-angle turn in one direction or another.<ref>Patry, Robert (1996). ''City of Four Freedoms''. Evansville: Friends of Willard Library. p. 35.</ref> In the 1970s, the city suffered from problems such as decreased economic activity and suburban flight, but city-sponsored revitalization has improved downtown conditions.

The business district and riverfront feature land-based casino gambling, restaurants, bars, and shops that attract tens of thousands of visitors each year. Although much of the outer city's architecture is typical suburban design, [[Downtown Evansville|the city's downtown district]] retains early twentieth-century architecture. A few blocks east of the main business district is the [[Riverside Historic District (Evansville, Indiana)|Riverside district]], featuring tree-lined brick streets full of turn of the twentieth-century homes. The [[Reitz Home Museum]] is one of the finest examples of French [[Second Empire (architecture)|second empire]] architecture in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|title=Reitz Home Museum |publisher=The Reitz Home Preservation Society |url=http://www.reitzhome.evansville.net |access-date=2007-05-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070625121952/http://reitzhome.evansville.net/ |archive-date=2007-06-25 }}</ref> Other homes nearby feature similar character and design and include [[Italianate architecture|Italianate]], [[Colonial Revival architecture|Colonial Revival]], and [[Renaissance Revival architecture|Renaissance Revival]] styles.

===Neighborhoods===
Evansville has thirteen neighborhoods that have qualified as historic districts and are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].
<gallery>
File:East_Branch_Library.jpg|[[Bayard Park Neighborhood|Bayard Park]]
File:Rathbone Home, Culver.jpg|[[Culver Historic District|Culver]]
File:Central_Union_Bank.jpg|[[Downtown Evansville|Downtown]]
File:Alhambra Theatorium.jpg|[[Haynies Corner Arts District|Haynie's Corner]]
File:Willow Road in the Lincolnshire Historic District.jpg|[[Lincolnshire Historic District|Lincolnshire]]
File:Riverside_Historic_District_in_Evansville.jpg|[[Riverside Historic District (Evansville, Indiana)|Riverside]]
File:Parrett Street near Washington.jpg|[[Washington Avenue Historic District (Evansville, Indiana)|Washington Avenue]]
File:Independence Historic District in Evansville.jpg|[[Independence Historic District (Evansville, Indiana)|West Franklin Street]]
</gallery>

===Climate===
{{climate chart
|Evansville, Indiana
|25.5|41.7|3.35
|28.4|46.7|3.22
|36.4|56.8|4.60
|46.1|68.4|5.14
|56.6|77.3|5.12
|65.3|85.7|4.44
|68.8|88.6|4.38
|66.7|87.9|3.07
|58.6|81.9|3.31
|47.1|70.1|3.39
|36.5|56.2|4.11
|29.5|45.6|3.78
|float=right
|clear=none
|units=imperial
|source=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=pah|title=Monthly climate normals (1991-2020) - Evansville area, IN (ThreadEx)|website=NOWData|access-date=16 Apr 2022}}</ref>
}}

Evansville lies within the northern limits of the [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa''), and straddles the border between [[Hardiness zone|USDA plant hardiness zones]] 6b and 7a.<ref>[http://www.arborday.org/treeinfo/ZoneInfo.cfm?ZipCode=47701&submit=Look+it+up%21 What is my arborday.org Hardiness Zone?] Arbor Day Foundation.</ref> Summers are hot and humid, winters are cold to cool. Average temperatures range from {{convert|32.5|°F|1}} in January to {{convert|78.0|°F|1}} in July.<ref name = "NWS Paducah, KY"/> Annual precipitation averages {{convert|45.3|in|sigfig=3}}, including an average seasonal snowfall of {{convert|11.8|in|cm|0}}.<ref name = "NWS Paducah, KY"/><ref>{{cite web | title=University of Evansville Fact Sheet | url=http://www.evansville.edu/prospects/onlyue/whyevansville.asp | access-date=2006-11-14 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061011222150/http://evansville.edu/prospects/onlyue/whyevansville.asp | archive-date=2006-10-11 }}</ref>  Evansville winters can range from just {{convert|0.5|in|cm|abbr=on}} of snowfall in 2011–12, up to {{convert|37.9|in|cm|abbr=on}} in 1969–70.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crh.noaa.gov/pah/climate/evvsnow_climo.php|title=Paducah, KY|first=US Department of Commerce, NOAA, National Weather|last=Service|website=Crh.noaa.gov|access-date=27 August 2017}}</ref> On average, there are 41&nbsp;days annually with a maximum temperature of {{convert|90|F|0}} or above and 17&nbsp;days with a maximum at or below freezing; the mean first and last freeze dates are October 26 and April 7, resulting in a frost-free period of 201&nbsp;days.<ref name = "NWS Paducah, KY"/> Extreme temperatures range from {{convert|−23|°F|0}} on February 2, 1951, up to {{convert|111|°F|0}} on July 28, 1930; the record cold maximum of {{convert|−3|°F|0}} was set on [[Winter 1985 cold wave|January 20, 1985]] and December 22, 1989, while, conversely, the record warm minimum of {{convert|82|°F|0}} was last reached July 8, 1980.<ref name = "NWS Paducah, KY"/>

{{Evansville, Indiana weatherbox}}

===Pollution===
In August 2018, the mayor of Evansville sent a letter to the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORVWSO) opposing a proposal to eliminate pollution control standards for the Ohio River. Evansville is located downstream from the river's origin. Sources of pollution that affect water quality include [[agricultural runoff]], raw sewage discharges from [[Combined sewer|combined sewer overflows]], and toxic chemicals released by companies with [[Clean Water Act#Discharge permits required|water pollution permits]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Winnecke to ORSANCO: Dropping Ohio River standards could be 'negative game changer'| work = Evansville Courier & Press| access-date = 2018-09-14| url = https://www.courierpress.com/story/news/local/2018/08/22/evansville-mayor-tells-orsanco-keep-ohio-river-pollution-standards/1063720002/}}</ref> The state of Indiana issues a fish consumption advisory for fish from the [[Ohio River]] based on [[Polychlorinated biphenyl|PCB]] contamination. The recommended consumption limit for most fish, including [[carp]], [[striped bass]] and [[flathead catfish]] is no more than 8 oz. per month, but for [[channel catfish]], the recommendation is only 8oz every two months.<ref>{{Cite magazine| page=27| last=Lake| first=Adams| magazine=Angling Indiana| title=Fish Consumption Advisory}}</ref>

Six very large [[coal-fired power plant]] complexes operate within 30 miles of Evansville: [[Indiana-Michigan Power]]'s [[Rockport Generating Station]], near [[Rockport, Indiana]], [[AES Indiana]]'s [[Petersburg Generating Station]] near [[Petersburg, Indiana|Petersburg]], and [[Duke Energy]]'s [[Gibson Generating Station]]  near [[Mount Carmel, Illinois|Mount Carmel]]. Evansville-based [[Vectren]] operates the other two; the [[A. B. Brown Generating Station]], located just west of Evansville, and [[Warrick Power Plant|Warrick County Generating Station]]/[[F. B. Culley Generating Station]] complex, east of [[Newburgh, Indiana|Newburgh]], largely owned by [[Alcoa]]. In addition, another coal fired power plant complex, The R.D. Green Station, operated by [[Touchstone Energy]]'s Big Rivers Electric, exists 20 miles south of Evansville, near [[Sebree, Kentucky]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Super polluters tour gives people close up look at where Hoosiers get their power| work = Evansville Courier & Press| access-date = 2018-09-14| url = https://www.courierpress.com/story/news/local/2018/08/17/southwest-indiana-power-plants-super-polluters-tour-sierra-club/1019414002/}}</ref> The levels of [[fine particles]] in the air in [[Vanderburgh County]] were almost as high as in [[Manhattan]], [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Meet America's super polluters| work = USA Today| access-date = 2018-09-14| url = https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2016/09/29/toxic-air-pollution-concentrated-small-number-sites/90846584/}}</ref>

A large portion of the downtown and north side areas were declared contaminated by lead and arsenic because of factory dumping dating back to the Civil War. Contractors have been working for more than 20 years to dig up the lawns of residents to make them safe for children to play. About 18 inches of contaminated dirt is dug up from each yard then dumped in a nearby landfill. The work has many more years to go.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.14news.com/2019/06/18/epa-back-evansville-test-clean-contaminated-soil/|title = EPA back in Evansville to test, clean contaminated soil| date=June 19, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.courierpress.com/story/news/local/2019/06/28/contaminated-soil-jacobsville-lead-epa-cleanup-health-vanderburgh-evansville/1570837001/|title = Report: Contaminated soil is not only factor in city's lead problem}}</ref>