Editing Essex County, New Jersey (section)

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], as of the 2020 Census, the county had a total area of {{convert|129.42|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|126.09|sqmi}} was land (97.4%) and {{convert|3.34|sqmi}} was water (2.6%).<ref name=CensusArea>[https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_counties_34.txt 2020 Census Gazetteer File for Counties in New Jersey], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed April 1, 2023.</ref>

The county rises from generally flat in the east to the twin ridges of the [[Watchung Mountains]] in the western half, beyond which the land lowers again into the [[Passaic River]] valley.

The highest elevation is found at four areas scattered between [[Verona, New Jersey|Verona]], [[North Caldwell, New Jersey|North Caldwell]], and [[Cedar Grove, New Jersey|Cedar Grove]], reaching {{convert|660|ft|m}} above sea level.<ref>[http://www.peakbagger.com/list.aspx?lid=13320 New Jersey County High Points], Peakbagger.com. Accessed October 4, 2013.</ref> The lowest point is sea level, at [[Newark Bay]].

===Climate===
All of Essex County has a [[humid subtropical climate]] (''Cfa'') if the -3&nbsp;°C isotherm is used. If the 0&nbsp;°C isotherm is used, ''Cfa'' only exists in eastern Newark and the rest of the county has a hot-summer [[humid continental climate]] (''Dfa''). However temperatures do vary in various locations. In Newark, Eastern Essex County, and Southern/Southeastern Essex County, temperatures are relatively cool to hot, even in the winter months. Western Essex County has similar temperatures to Eastern Essex, but the elevation increase within the [[Watchung Mountains]] allows for some minor differences. An example would be that in January on [[Interstate 280 (New Jersey)|Interstate 280]] it could be raining in [[East Orange, New Jersey|East Orange]]. Heading west on 280 there is a large hill that elevates from {{convert|150|to|650|ft|m}}, a {{convert|500|ft|m}} difference. At the top of the hill it could be snowing because of the 3 to 4 degree temperature differences.

{{climate chart
|[[Newark, New Jersey]]
|24|39|3.5
|27|42|2.9
|34|51|4.1
|44|62|4.2
|53|72|4.0
|63|82|4.0
|69|86|4.7
|68|84|3.7
|60|77|3.8
|48|65|3.6
|39|55|3.6
|30|44|3.8
|float=right
|units=imperial
|clear=both
|source=The Weather Channel<ref name="weather">[http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USNJ0355 Monthly Averages for Newark, New Jersey], [[The Weather Channel]]. Accessed August 25, 2014.</ref>}}
In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Newark have ranged from a low of {{convert|24|F}} in January to a high of {{convert|86|F}} in July, although a record low of {{convert|-14|F}} was recorded in February 1934 and a record high of {{convert|108|F}} was recorded in July 22, 2011, which is the highest temperature ever recorded in the state.<ref>Strunsky, Steve. [https://www.nj.com/essex/2022/07/nj-city-set-two-heat-records-sunday-one-for-hitting-100-degrees-for-a-5th-straight-day.html "N.J. city set two heat records Sunday, one for hitting 100 degrees for a 5th straight day"], NJ Advance Media for [[NJ.com]], February 16, 2023. Accessed December 31, 2023. "It was in Newark — on July 22, 2011 — that the National Weather Service recorded New Jersey’s highest temperature on record, for any date, in any location, at 108 degrees, said Amanda Lee, a meteorologist at the National Weather Service’s Mount Holly forecast office."</ref> Average monthly precipitation ranged from {{convert|2.99|in}} in February to {{convert|4.76|in}} in July.<ref name="weather"/> In Roseland, average monthly temperatures range from {{Convert|29.2|F|C}} in January to {{Convert|74.6|F|C}} in July.<ref>[http://prism.oregonstate.edu/explorer/ Time Series Values for Individual Locations], [[Oregon State University]]. Accessed June 24, 2023.</ref>