Editing Egalitarianism (section)

=== Social egalitarianism ===
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At a cultural level, egalitarian theories have developed in sophistication and acceptance during the past two hundred years. Among the notable broadly egalitarian philosophies are [[socialism]], [[communism]], [[social anarchism]], [[libertarian socialism]], [[left-libertarianism]], and [[progressivism]], some of which propound [[economic egalitarianism]]. Anti-egalitarianism<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Sidanius, Jim |display-authors=etal |title=Social dominance orientation, anti-egalitarianism and the political psychology of gender: An extension and cross-cultural replication |journal=European Journal of Social Psychology |volume=30 |issue=1 |year=2000 |pages=41–67 |doi=10.1002/(sici)1099-0992(200001/02)30:1<41::aid-ejsp976>3.0.co;2-o}}</ref> or [[elitism]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://englishthesaurus.net/antonym/egalitarian/ |title=Antonyms for egalitarian |website=English Thesaurus |access-date=28 September 2018}}</ref> is opposition to egalitarianism.

==== Economic {{anchor|Economic egalitarianism|Economics|Finance|Financial}} ====
An early example of equality is what might be described as outcome economic egalitarianism is the Chinese philosophy of [[agriculturalism]] which held that the economic policies of a country need to be based upon egalitarian self-sufficiency.<ref name="dw">{{cite book |last=Denecke |first=Wiebke |year=2011 |page=38 |title=The Dynamics of Masters Literature: Early Chinese Thought from Confucius to Han Feizi |publisher=Harvard University Press}}</ref>

In [[socialism]], [[social ownership]] of [[means of production]] is sometimes considered to be a form of economic egalitarianism because in an economy characterized by social ownership the [[surplus product]] generated by industry would accrue to the population as a whole as opposed to a class of private owners, thereby granting each increased autonomy and greater equality in their relationships with one another. Although the economist [[Karl Marx]] is sometimes mistaken to be an egalitarian, Marx eschewed normative theorizing on moral principles altogether. Marx did have a theory of the evolution of moral principles concerning specific [[economic system]]s.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/egalitarianism/#KarMarEquRig |title=Egalitarianism |date=16 August 2002 |encyclopedia=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=20 November 2013}}</ref>

The American economist [[John Roemer]] has put forth a new perspective on equality and its relationship to socialism. Roemer attempts to reformulate [[Marxist analysis]] to accommodate normative principles of [[distributive justice]], shifting the argument for socialism away from purely technical and materialist reasons to one of distributive justice. Roemer argues that according to the principle of distributive justice, the traditional definition of socialism is based on the principle that individual compensation is proportional to the value of the labor one expends in production ("[[To each according to his contribution]]") is inadequate. Roemer concludes that egalitarians must reject socialism as it is classically defined for equality to be realized.<ref name="Socialism vs Social Democracy as Income-Equalizing Institutions, 2008">{{cite journal |title=Socialism vs Social Democracy as Income-Equalizing Institutions |author=Roemer, John |year=2008 |journal=Eastern Economic Journal |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=14–26 |doi=10.1057/palgrave.eej.9050011|s2cid=153503350 }}</ref>

The egalitarian management style focusses on the approach to democratize power, decision-making, and responsibility and distributed them more evenly among all members of a team or organization.<ref>The culture Map, Erin Meyer, 2014</ref>