Editing Economy of Peru (section)

====Guano Era====
{{Main|Guano Era}}
[[File:Carguio de guano en las islas Chincha..jpg|thumb|The [[Chincha Islands]], a large source of [[guano]], 1866]]
After winning independence from Spain on 28 July 1821, Peru was financially strapped. Additionally, the economy suffered from the collapse of the silver mines.<ref>{{cite book|author=Baten, Jörg |title=A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present.|date=2016|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=132|isbn=9781107507180}}</ref> However, the guano trade with Europe, beginning in the 1840s, flooded Peru with European investments and money. In 1840, Peruvian politician and entrepreneur Francisco Quirós y Ampudia commercialized guano exports in a deal with French businessmen and the Peruvian government, abolishing existing claims to Peruvian guano. Guano was essentially [[Nationalization|nationalized]] and became Peru's largest revenue source.{{sfn|Cushman|2013|pp=40–43}}  Despite the near exhaustion of guano, Peru achieved its greatest ever export of guano in 1870, with more than 700,000 tonnes (770,000 short tons).{{sfn|Cushman|2013|pp=59–60}}