Editing Economy of Haiti (section)

===Mining and minerals ===
Haiti has a mining industry which extracted minerals worth approximately US$13 million in 2013. Bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, and marble<ref>{{cite web|title=Haiti marble blocks for export|url=http://www.export-forum.com/more/americas/4355-haiti-marble.html|access-date=1 June 2012|quote=Haiti black marble portoro type|archive-date=17 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117182601/http://www.export-forum.com/more/americas/4355-haiti-marble.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> were the most extensively extracted minerals in Haiti. Lime and aggregates and to a lesser extent marble are extracted. Gold was mined by the Spanish in early colonial times. Bauxite was mined for a number of years in recent times at a site near [[Miragoâne]] on the Southern peninsula. Operating from 1960 to 1972 International Halliwell Mines, Ltd. ("Halliwell"), a Canadian corporation, through its wholly owned Haitian subsidiary, La Societe d'Exploitation et de Developpement Economique et Natural d'Haiti ("Sedren")<ref name=OJO>{{cite journal|title=International Halliwell Mines Limited v. Continental Copper & Steel Industries |journal=Federal Reporter |series=2nd |volume=F2d|issue=544|page=105|url=http://openjurist.org/544/f2d/105/international-halliwell-mines-limited-v-continental-copper-and-steel-industries-inc|publisher=OpenJurist.org|access-date=29 May 2022 |author=Mansfield}}</ref> mined copper near [[Gonaïves]].

0.5 million tons of ore were exported. The copper ore was valued at about $83.5 million. The government of Haiti received about $3 million.<ref name=GRW /> As of 2012 there was promise of gold and copper mining in northern Haiti.<ref name=ReganGuardian />

====Gold====
In 2012, it was reported that confidential agreements and negotiations had been entered into by the Haitian government granting licenses for exploration or mining of gold and associated metals such as copper for over {{convert|1000|mi2}} in the mineralized zone stretching from east to west across northern Haiti. Estimates for the value of the gold which might be extracted through [[open-pit mining]] are as high as US$20 billion. Eurasian Minerals and [[Newmont Mining Corporation]] are two of the firms involved. According to [[Alex Dupuy]], Chair of African American Studies and John E. Andrus Professor of Sociology at Wesleyan University the ability of Haiti to adequately manage the mining operations or to obtain and use funds obtained from the operations for the benefit of its people is untested and seriously questioned. Lakwèv, where earth dug from hand-made tunnels is [[placer mining|washed]] for specks of free gold by local residents, is one of the locations. In the same mineralized zone in the Dominican Republic [[Barrick Gold]] and [[Goldcorp]] are planning on reopening the Pueblo Viejo mine.<ref name=GRW>{{cite web|title=Gold Rush in Haiti!: Who will get rich?|url=http://haitigrassrootswatch.squarespace.com/18_01_ENG|publisher=Haiti Grassroots Watch|access-date=31 May 2012|author=}}</ref><ref name=ReganGuardian>{{cite news|title=Haiti's rush for gold gives mining firms a free rein over the riches|url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2012/may/30/haiti-gold-mining|access-date=31 May 2012|newspaper=The Guardian|date=30 May 2012|last=Regan|first=Jane|location=London}}</ref><ref name=APGOOGLE511>{{cite news|title=Gold! Haiti hopes ore find will spur mining boom|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iQ2SuH1RWmiDf088vyEsVYFRfRFQ?docId=6dc13bae738e496a8adaf66950741f94|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120517022030/http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iQ2SuH1RWmiDf088vyEsVYFRfRFQ?docId=6dc13bae738e496a8adaf66950741f94|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 May 2012|access-date=31 May 2012|newspaper=Google Hosted News|date=11 May 2012|last=Mendoza|first=Martha|agency=Associated Press}}</ref>