Editing Duke of Aquitaine (section)

==Restored dukes of Aquitaine under Frankish kings==

The [[Carolingian]] kings again appointed Dukes of Aquitaine, first in 852, and again since 866.{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}} Later, this duchy was also called ''Guyenne''.{{Citation needed|date=May 2023}}

=== House of Poitiers (Ramnulfids) ===

{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
|-
!Name
!Birth
!Marriage(s)
!Death
![[List of Frankish kings|King of the Franks]]<br/>(reign)
|-
|'''[[Ranulf I of Poitiers|Ranulph I]]'''<br/>852{{efn|[[Count of Poitiers]] from 835, Duke of Aquitaine from 852}}<br/>–<br/>866
|820
|Adeltrude of Maine <br/>3 children
|866
|[[Charles the Bald]]<br/>843–877)
|-
|'''[[Ranulf II of Poitiers|Ranulph II]]'''{{efn|Son of Ranulf I, also [[Count of Poitiers]], called himself ''King of Aquitaine'' from 888 until his death.}}<br/>887<br/>–<br/>890
|850
|N/A
|5 August 890
|[[Charles the Fat]]<br/>(881-888)<hr/>[[Odo of France|Odo]]<br/>(888–898)
|}

=== House of Auvergne ===

The following were also [[Rulers of Auvergne|Count of Auvergne]].
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
|-
!Name
!Portrait
!Birth
!Death
![[List of Frankish kings|King of the Franks]]
|-
|'''[[William I, Duke of Aquitaine|William I<br/>the Pious]]'''<br/>(893–918)
|[[File:Guillpieux.jpg|100px]]
|22 March 875
|{{Death date and age|918|7|6|875|3|22|df=y}}
|rowspan="3"|[[Odo of France|Odo]]<br/>(888–898)<hr/>[[Charles the Simple]]<br>(898–922)<hr/>[[Charles the Simple]]<br>(898–922)<hr>[[Robert I of France|Robert I]]<br/>(922–923)<hr>[[Rudolph of France|Rudolph]]<br/>(923–936)
|-
|'''[[William II of Aquitaine|William II<br/>the Younger]]'''{{efn|nephew of William I}}<br/>(918–926)
|
|
|12 December 926
|-
|'''[[Acfred of Aquitaine|Acfred]]'''{{efn|brother of William II}}<br>(926–927)
|
|
|927
|}

=== House of Poitiers (Ramnulfids) restored (927–932) ===


* [[Ebalus of Aquitaine|Ebalus the Bastard]] (also called ''Manzer'') (927–932)), illegitimate son of Ranulph II and distant cousin of Acfred, also [[Count of Poitiers]] and [[Count of Auvergne|Auvergne]].

=== House of Rouergue ===

* [[Raymond Pons of Toulouse|Raymond I Pons]] (932–936)
* [[Raymond II of Rouergue|Raymond II]] (936–955)

=== House of Capet ===

* [[Hugh the Great]] (955–962)

=== House of Poitiers (Ramnulfids) restored (962–1152) ===

* [[William III of Aquitaine|William III Towhead]] (962–963), son of Ebalus, also [[Count of Poitiers]] and [[Count of Auvergne|Auvergne]].
* [[William IV of Aquitaine|William IV Iron Arm]] (963–995), son of William III, also [[Count of Poitiers]].
* [[William V of Aquitaine|William V the Great]] (995–1030), son of William IV, also [[Count of Poitiers]].
* [[William VI of Aquitaine|William VI the Fat]] (1030–1038), first son of William V, also [[Count of Poitiers]].
* [[Odo of Gascony|Odo]] (1038–1039), second son of William V, also [[Count of Poitiers]] and [[Duke of Gascony]].
* [[William VII of Aquitaine|William VII the Eagle]] (1039–1058), third son of William V, also [[Count of Poitiers]].
* [[William VIII of Aquitaine|William VIII]] (1058–1086), fourth son of William V, also [[Count of Poitiers]] and [[Duke of Gascony]].
* [[William IX of Aquitaine|William IX the Troubadour]] (or ''the Younger'') (1086–1127), son of William VIII, also [[Count of Poitiers]] and [[Duke of Gascony]].
* [[William X of Aquitaine|William X the Saint]] (1127–1137), son of William IX, also [[Count of Poitiers]] and [[Duke of Gascony]].
* [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]] (1137–1204), daughter of William X, also [[Countess of Poitiers]] and [[Duchess of Gascony]], married the kings of [[France]] and [[England]] in succession.
** [[Louis VII of France|Louis the Younger]] (1137–1152), also [[King of France]], duke [[jure uxoris|in right of his wife]].

[[File:Hommage d Édouard Ier à Philippe le Bel.jpg|thumb|Homage of [[Edward I of England]] (kneeling) to [[Philip IV of France]] (seated), by [[Jean Fouquet]]. As Duke of Aquitaine, Edward was a vassal to the French king]]
From 1152, the Duchy of Aquitaine was held by the [[House of Plantagenet|Plantagenets]], who also ruled England as independent monarchs and held other territories in France by separate inheritance (see [[Plantagenet Empire]]). The Plantagenets were often more powerful than the kings of France, and their reluctance to do homage to the kings of France for their lands in France was one of the major sources of conflict in medieval Western Europe.

=== House of Plantagenet ===

{{Sticky header}}
{| class="wikitable sticky-header" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
|-
!Name
!Portrait
!Arms
!Birth
!Marriage(s)
!Death
![[List of French monarchs#Capetian dynasty (987–1792; 1814–1848)|King of France]]
|-
|-
| rowspan = "2"| '''[[Henry II of England|Henry I]]'''{{efn|Duke of Aquitaine by right of his wife, [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]].}}<br/>'''Henry Curtmantle'''<br/>18 May 1152{{Efn|Henry Curmantle was crowned as King Henry II of England on 19 December 1154 with his queen, [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]].}}<br/>–<br/>June 1172<br/>''({{Age in years and months|18 May 1152|6 June 1172|duration=yes}})''
| rowspan = "2"| [[File:Henry II Illumination.jpg|100px|Henry II]]
| rowspan = "2"| [[File:Royal Arms of England (1154-1189).svg|75px<!--Arms-->|Royal Arms of England (1154–1189)]]
| rowspan = "2"| 5 March 1133<br/>[[Le Mans]]<hr/>Son of [[Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou|Geoffrey Plantagenet of Anjou]]<br/>and [[Empress Matilda|Matilda]]
| rowspan = "2"| [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]<br/>[[Bordeaux Cathedral]]<br/>18 May 1152<br/>8 children
| rowspan = "2"| 6 July 1189<br/>[[Chinon]]<br/>Aged 56{{Efn|Henry II was buried at [[Fontevraud Abbey]].}}
| [[Louis VII of France|Louis VII]] (1137-1180)
|- 
|rowspan = "4" | [[Philip II of France|Philip II]]<br/>(1180-1223)
|-
| '''[[Richard I of England|Richard I]]'''{{efn|Ruled alongside his mother, [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]], who acted as regent for the Duchy while he was on [[Third Crusade|crusade]] – a position he resumed on his return to Europe.}}<br/>'''Richard the Lionheart'''<br/>June 1172{{Efn|Richard was first appointed Duke of Aquitaine in 1172 by his father, [[Henry II of England]], the previous Duke.<ref>{{Harvnb|Gillingham|2002|p=40}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Turner|Heiser|2000|page=57}}</ref> Richard would later be crowned King of England on 3 September 1189, several months after his father's death on 6 July.}}<br/>–<br/>6 April 1199<br/>''({{Age in years and months|6 June 1172|6 April 1199|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:Richard I of England in the Brief Abridgement of the Chronicles of England.jpg|100px|Richard the Lionheart, an illustration from a 12th-century codex]]
| rowspan="14" | [[File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg|75px<!--Arms-->]]<br/>{{small|1198-1340}}
| 8 September 1157<br/>[[Beaumont Palace]]<hr/>Son of [[Henry II of England|Henry II]]<br/>and [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]]
| [[Berengaria of Navarre]]<br/>[[Limassol]]<br/>12 May 1191<br/>No children
| 6 April 1199<br/>[[Château de Châlus-Chabrol|Châlus]]<br/>Shot by a [[crossbow bolt|quarrel]] aged 41{{Efn|Richard I was buried at [[Rouen Cathedral]]. His body currently lies at [[Fontevraud Abbey]].}}
|-
| '''[[John, King of England|John]]'''{{efn|Ruled alongside his mother, [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]], until her death in 1204; afterwards, sole duke of Aquitaine.}}<br/>'''John Lackland'''<br/>27 May 1199{{Efn|John was crowned on 27 May 1199.}}<br/>–<br/>19 October 1216<br/>''({{Age in years and days|27 May 1199|19 October 1216|duration=yes}})''
| [[File:John of England (John Lackland).jpg|100px|King John]]
| 24 December 1166<br/>Beaumont Palace<hr/>Son of Henry II<br/>and Eleanor of Aquitaine
| {{Gray|(1)}} [[Isabella, Countess of Gloucester|Isabel of Gloucester]]<br/>[[Marlborough Castle]]<br/>29 August 1189<br/>No children<hr/>{{Gray|(2)}} [[Isabella of Angoulême]]<br/>Bordeaux Cathedral<br/>24 August 1200<br/>5 children
| 19 October 1216<br/>[[Newark-on-Trent]]<br/>Aged 49{{Efn|John was buried at [[Worcester Cathedral]].}}
|-
| rowspan = "4"|  '''[[Henry III of England|Henry II]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-12 |title=Henry III (r. 1216–1272) |url=https://www.royal.uk/henry-iii-r-1216-1272 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106174607/https://www.royal.uk/henry-iii-r-1216-1272 |archive-date=6 January 2018 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=royal.gov.uk}}; {{Harvnb|Fryde|1996|page=37}}.</ref><br/>'''Henry III of England'''<br/>28 October 1216{{Efn|Henry III was crowned on 28 October 1216.}}<br/>–<br/>16 November 1272<br/>''({{Age in years and days|28 October 1216|16 November 1272|duration=yes}})''
| rowspan = "4"| [[File:HenryIII.jpg|100px|Henry III]]
| rowspan = "4"| 1 October 1207<br/>[[Winchester Castle]]<hr/>Son of [[John, King of England|John]]<br/>and [[Isabella of Angoulême]]
| rowspan = "4"| [[Eleanor of Provence]]<br/>[[Canterbury Cathedral]]<br/>14 January 1236<br/>5 children
| rowspan = "4"| 16 November 1272<br/>[[Palace of Westminster|Westminster Palace]]<br/>Aged 65
|-
|[[Louis VIII of France|Louis VIII]]<br/> (1223-1226)
|-
|[[Louis IX of France|Louis IX]]<br/> (1226-1270)
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Philip III of France|Philip III "the Bold"]]<br/> (1270-1285)
|-
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Edward I of England|Edward I]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-12 |title=Edward I 'Longshanks' (r. 1272–1307) |url=https://www.royal.uk/edward-i-longshanks-r-1272-1307 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125020307/https://www.royal.uk/edward-i-longshanks-r-1272-1307 |archive-date=25 January 2018 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=royal.gov.uk}}; {{Harvnb|Fryde|1996|page=38}}.</ref><br/>'''Edward Longshanks'''<br/>20 November 1272{{Efn|Edward I was crowned on 19 August 1274 with [[Eleanor of Castile|Queen Eleanor]].}}<br/>–<br/>7 July 1307<br/>''({{Age in years and days|20 November 1272|7 July 1307|duration=yes}})''
|rowspan="2"| [[File:Edward I - Westminster Abbey Sedilia.jpg|100px|Edward I of England]]
|rowspan="2"|17 June 1239<br/>[[Palace of Westminster]]<hr/>Son of [[Henry III of England|Henry III]]<br/>and [[Eleanor of Provence]]
|rowspan="2"|{{Gray|(1)}} [[Eleanor of Castile]]<br/>[[Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas]]<br/>18 October 1254<br/>16 children<hr/>{{Gray|(2)}} [[Margaret of France, Queen of England|Margaret of France]]<br/>Canterbury Cathedral<br/>10 September 1299<br/>3 children
|rowspan="2"|7 July 1307<br/>[[Burgh by Sands]]<br/>Aged 68
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Philip IV of France|Philip IV the Fair]]<br/>(1285-1314)
|-
|rowspan="5"| '''[[Edward II of England|Edward II]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-12 |title=Edward II (r. 1307–1327) |url=https://www.royal.uk/edward-ii-r-1307-1327 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125020057/https://www.royal.uk/edward-ii-r-1307-1327 |archive-date=25 January 2018 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=royal.gov.uk}}; {{Harvnb|Fryde|1996|page=39}}.</ref><br/>'''Edward of Caernarfon'''<br/>8 July 1307{{Efn|Edward II was crowned on 25 February 1308 with [[Isabella of France|Queen Isabella]].}}<br/>–<br/>1325{{efn|Edward II continued as King of England until 20 January 1325}}<br/>''({{Age in years and days|8 July 1307|8 July 1325|duration=yes}})''
|rowspan="5"|  [[File:Edward II, King of England (Bodleian Library MS Rawlinson C 292, folio 105r).jpg|75px<!--Arms-->]]
|rowspan="5"| 25 April 1284<br/>[[Caernarfon Castle]]<hr/>Son of [[Edward I of England|Edward I]]<br/>and [[Eleanor of Castile]]
|rowspan="5"| [[Isabella of France]]<br/>[[Basilica of Notre-Dame de Boulogne|Boulogne Cathedral]]<br/>24 January 1308<br/>4 children
|rowspan="5"| 21 September 1327<br/>[[Berkeley Castle]]<br/>Murdered aged 43{{Efn|The date of Edward II's death is disputed by historian [[Ian Mortimer (historian)|Ian Mortimer]], who argues that he may not have been murdered, but held imprisoned in Europe for several more years.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mortimer |first=Ian |title=The Perfect King: The Life of Edward III, Father of the English Nation |date=2008 |publisher=Penguin Random House |isbn=978-0-09-952709-1}}</ref>}}
|-
|[[Louis X of France|Louis X "the Quarreller"]]<br/> (1314-1316)
|-
|[[John I of France|John I "the Posthumous"]]<br/> (4 days in 1316)
|-
|[[Philip V of France|Philip V "the Tall"]]<br/> (1316-1322)
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Charles IV of France|Charles IV "the Fair"]]<br/> (1322-1328)
|-
|rowspan="3"| '''[[Edward III of England|Edward III]]'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-12 |title=Edward III (r. 1327–1377) |url=https://www.royal.uk/edward-iii-r-1327-1377 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180125020011/https://www.royal.uk/edward-iii-r-1327-1377 |archive-date=25 January 2018 |access-date=16 January 2018 |website=royal.gov.uk}}; {{Harvnb|Fryde|1996|page=39}}.</ref><br/>'''Edward of Windsor'''<br/>1325{{Efn|Edward of Windsor, while still heir to the throne, was appointed Duke of Aquitaine by his father, King [[Edward II of England]].{{Sfn|Mortimer|2006|p=39}} After the king was overthrown by the [[Parliament of 1327]], Edward III was proclaimed the new King of England on 25 January 1327, and crowned on 1 February 1327.}}<br/>–<br/>24 October 1360{{efn|On 24 May 1337, [[Philip VI of France]] confiscated the Duchy of Aquitaine from Edward III, beginning the [[Hundred Years' War]].{{Sfn|Previté-Orton|1978|pages=873–876}} Regardless, Edward III continued to title himself Duke of Aquitaine, and responded by [[English claims to the French throne|claiming the throne of France for himself]]. Edward continued to use the titles of ''King of England and France'' and ''Duke of Aquitaine'' until the [[Treaty of Brétigny]] in 1360, when Edward renounced these titles in exchange for recognition as sovereign [[#Lord of Aquitaine (1360-1369)|Lord of Aquitaine]].}}<br/>''({{Age in years and days|25 January 1325|24 October 1360|duration=yes}})''
|rowspan="3"| [[File:Edward III of England (Order of the Garter).jpg|100px]]
|rowspan="3"| 13 November 1312<br/>[[Windsor Castle]]<hr/>Son of [[Edward II of England|Edward II]]<br/>and [[Isabella of France]]
|rowspan="3"| [[Philippa of Hainault]]<br/>[[York Minster]]<br/>25 January 1328<br/>14 children
|rowspan="3"| 21 June 1377<br/>[[Sheen Palace]]<br/>Aged 64
|-
|[[File:Royal Arms of England (1340-1367).svg|75px<!--Arms-->]]<br/>{{Small|1340–1360,<br/>from 1369}}
|[[Philip VI of France|Philip VI "the Fortunate"]]<br/>(1328-1350){{efn|Philip VI and John II's position as King of France was [[English claims to the French throne|disputed]] by King [[Edward III of England]] from 1340 until 1360.|name=Contested}}
|-
|[[File:Royal Arms of England (1198-1340).svg|75px<!--Arms-->]]<br/>{{Small|1360–1369}}
|[[John II of France|John II "the Good"]]<br/>(1350-1364){{efn|Philip VI and John II's position as King of France was [[English claims to the French throne|disputed]] by King [[Edward III of England]] from 1340 until 1360.|name=Contested}}
|-
|}