Editing Dream pop (section)

===Late 1980s–1990s: Shoegaze scene===
{{main|Shoegaze}}
The term "dreampop" was coined in the late 1980s by Alex Ayuli of [[A.R. Kane]] to describe his band's eclectic sound, which blended effects-laden guitar with [[dub music|dub]] production and [[drum machine]] backing, among other elements.<ref name="King2012">{{cite book|last=King|first=Richard|title=How Soon is Now?: The Madmen and Mavericks who made Independent Music 1975-2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iCPH4iyQf3MC&pg=PT206|year=2012|publisher=Faber & Faber|isbn=978-0-571-27832-9|page=206}}</ref> The group released their 1987 EP ''Lollita'' on 4AD, with production by Cocteau Twins guitarist Robin Guthrie.<ref name="biography">{{cite web|title=A.R. Kane Biography |first=Jason |last=Ankeny|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/ar-kane-mn0000921542/biography|website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=10 February 2017}}</ref> ''[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]'' describes their debut album ''[[69 (album)|Sixty Nine]]'' (1988) as a "crucial document" of the dream pop movement, commenting that the group "aimed to emulate an ethereality that could just as easily become nightmarish", resulting in music that feels "just out of reach."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/ar-kane-69/|title=A.R. Kane: 69 Album Review |website=Pitchfork |first=Quinn |last=Moreland |date=February 14, 2021 |language=en|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref> Their "dreampop" label was subsequently adopted by music critic [[Simon Reynolds]] to describe that group<ref name="reynoldsretro.blogspot.com">{{cite web|url=http://reynoldsretro.blogspot.com/2008/06/ar-kane-interview-melody-maker-july-25.html|title=A.R. Kane features 1987-2012|first=Simon|last=Reynolds|website=ReynoldsRetro |access-date=31 July 2017}}</ref> and later extended to the nascent [[shoegazing]] scene in the UK.<ref name=ReynoldsNYT/> Reynolds describes the movement as "a wave of hazy [[neo-psychedelic]] groups" characterised by a "blurry, blissful sound", and credits the influence of the "ethereal soundscapes" of Cocteau Twins as well as more distorted styles of American [[alternative rock]].<ref name="ReynoldsNYT" />

In the 1990s, "dream pop" and "shoegazing" were interchangeable and regionally dependent terms, with "dream pop" being the name by which "shoegazing" was typically known in America.<ref name="Kieron">{{cite web|last1=Tyler|first1=Kieron|title=Reissue CDs Weekly: Still in a Dream - A Story of Shoegaze|url=http://www.theartsdesk.com/new-music/reissue-cds-weekly-still-dream-story-shoegaze|website=The Arts Desk|date=17 January 2016}}</ref> AllMusic describes the dream pop label as covering both the "loud, shimmering feedback" of [[My Bloody Valentine (band)|My Bloody Valentine]] and the "post-Velvet Underground guitar rock" of [[Galaxie 500]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Dream Pop Genre Overview |url=https://www.allmusic.com/style/dream-pop-ma0000012303 |website=AllMusic |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> My Bloody Valentine showcased a unique dream pop sound on their 1988 debut album ''[[Isn't Anything]]'', with guitarist [[Kevin Shields]] employing a [[glide guitar|tremolo-arm technique]] in order to produce "an amorphous drone, at once visceral and disembodied".<ref name="ReynoldsNYT" /> Galaxie 500 provided a "cornerstone" of the genre in their 1989 album ''[[On Fire (Galaxie 500 album)|On Fire]]'', with their downtempo, [[reverb]]-laden sound becoming influential.<ref name="paste1"/> UK bands acts as A.R. Kane, My Bloody Valentine and [[Ride (band)|Ride]] played an influential role in the development of the movement.<ref name="LA">{{cite web |last1=OUMANO |first1=ELENA |title=Dream Pop Landscape Is Very Lush |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-05-01-ca-1463-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times |date=May 1992 |access-date=29 May 2021}}</ref> Other prominent acts to emerge from the movement include [[Slowdive]] and [[Chapterhouse (band)|Chapterhouse]].<ref name="ReynoldsNYT" />

The 1990 Cocteau Twins album ''[[Heaven or Las Vegas]]'' proved an iconic release in the genre.<ref name="Best"/> ''[[Spin Magazine|Spin]]'' credited My Bloody Valentine's "landmark" 1991 album ''[[Loveless (album)|Loveless]]'' with "crystalizing (and obliterating) the genres of dream pop and shoegaze guitar rock."<ref>*{{cite magazine |title=100 Greatest Albums 1985-2005: No.22 'Loveless' |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p6-UYTO7l1MC&q=loveless+dream+pop&pg=PA78 |date=July 2005 |magazine=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]] |page=78 |issn=0886-3032 |access-date=15 November 2020 |archive-date=20 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720122400/https://books.google.com/books?id=p6-UYTO7l1MC&q=loveless+dream+pop&pg=PA78 |url-status=live}}</ref> The UK band [[Lush (band)|Lush]] became an influential act in the genre during the 1990s, with Robin Guthrie producing their 1992 debut album ''[[Spooky (album)|Spooky]]''.<ref name="LA"/> The 1993 album ''[[So Tonight That I Might See]]'' by American band [[Mazzy Star]] reflected a dream pop sound specific to "the glitzy decay that is L.A.", according to ''Pitchfork''; that publication called the album a "dream pop classic".<ref name="pitchfork">{{cite web |url= https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/mazzy-star-so-tonight-that-i-might-see/ |title=Mazzy Star: So Tonight That I Might See |website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] |date=June 14, 2020 |last=Moreland |first=Quinn}}</ref> The late 1980s dream pop of A.R. Kane and My Bloody Valentine influenced 1990s acts such as [[Seefeel]] and [[Insides (band)|Insides]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=Reynolds |first1=Simon |title=Bring the Noise: 20 Years Writing About Hip Rock and Hip Hop |date=2011 |publisher=Soft Skull |page=190}}</ref> who began incorporating elements such as [[music sample|samples]] and [[Music sequencer|sequenced]] rhythms.<ref>{{citation|last1=Reynolds|first1=Simon|title=Quique – Seefeel review|work=[[Spin Magazine|Spin]]|date=1994}}</ref> [[Ambient pop]] music is described by AllMusic as "essentially an extension of the dream pop that emerged in the wake of the shoegazer movement", distinct for its incorporation of electronic textures and techniques such as [[sample (music)|sampling]].<ref name="Ambient pop">{{cite web|title=Ambient Pop|url=http://www.allmusic.com/style/ambient-pop-ma0000012263|website=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> [[Bowery Electric]]'s 1996 album ''[[Beat (Bowery Electric album)|Beat]]'' was described by ''Long Live Vinyl'' as an important touchstone of both dream pop and [[trip hop]].<ref name="vinyl">{{cite web |title=The Top 40 Essential Dreampop Vinyl |url=https://longlivevinyl.net/2019/10/30/the-essential-dreampop/ |website=Long Live Vinyl |date=30 October 2019 |access-date=4 August 2024}}</ref>