Editing Dionysus (section)

==Epithets==
{{Redirect|Bassareus| the genus of beetle|Bassareus (beetle)}}
[[File:Dionysos satyr Altemps Inv8606.jpg|thumb|The over-life size second-century AD [[Ludovisi Dionysus]], with panther, satyr and grapes on a vine, [[Palazzo Altemps]], Rome]]
[[File:MosaicEpiphany-of-Dionysus.jpg|thumb|Epiphany of [[Dionysus mosaic, Dion|Dionysus mosaic]], from the Villa of Dionysus (second century AD) in [[Dion, Greece]], Archeological Museum of Dion.]]
[[File:Bacchus and Silenus BM 1899.2-15.1 n01.jpg|thumb|A [[Roman art|Roman fresco]] depicting Bacchus, [[Boscoreale]], c. 30 BC]]
[[File:Cratère de Derveni 0031.jpg|thumb|Dionysus on the [[Derveni krater]].]]

Dionysus was variably known with the following [[epithet]]s:

'''Acratophorus''', ''Ἀκρατοφόρος'' ("giver of unmixed wine"), at [[Phigaleia]] in [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadia]].<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:8.39.6 8.39.6].</ref>

'''Acroreites''' at [[Sicyon]].<!-- Translation, please --><ref>[[Stephanus of Byzantium]], ''s.v.'' {{lang|grc|Ακρωρεία}}</ref>

'''Adoneus''', a rare archaism in Roman literature, a Latinised form of '''[[Adonis]]''', used as epithet for Bacchus.<ref>Used thus by [[Ausonius]], ''Epigrams'', 29, 6, and in [[Catullus]], 29; see Lee M. Fratantuono, NIVALES SOCII: CAESAR, MAMURRA, AND THE SNOW OF CATULLUS C. 57, ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica, New Series,'' Vol. 96, No. 3 (2010), p. 107, Note 2.</ref>

'''Aegobolus''' ''Αἰγοβόλος'' ("goat-shooter") at [[Potniae]], in [[Boeotia]].<ref>Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DA%3Aentry+group%3D6%3Aentry%3Daegobolus-bio-1 s.v. Aegobolus]; [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:9.8.1 9.8.1–2].</ref>

'''[[Dionysus Aesymnetes|Aesymnetes]]''' ''Αἰσυμνήτης'' ("ruler" or "lord") at Aroë and [[Patras|Patrae]] in [[Achaea]].

'''Agrios''' ''Ἄγριος'' ("wild"), in [[Macedon]]ia.

'''Androgynos''' ''Ἀνδρόγυνος'' ([[Androgyny|"androgynous"]]), refers to the god assuming both the active, masculine and passive, feminine role during intercourse with male lovers.<ref name="androgynous">{{cite web |url=https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/alpha/2177 |title=Androgynous |last=Scaife |first=Ross |date=2 July 2000 |website=  Suda On Line: Byzantine Lexicography |publisher= Suda On Line and the Stoa Consortium |access-date=17 February 2024 |quote="Dionysos, as one doing both active, male things and passive, female ones. [...] Sexual intercourse, specifically, is envisaged here."}}</ref><ref name="passive">{{Cite web|url=http://www.glbtq.com/literature/classical_myth,3.html|website=GLBTQ Encyclopedia|title=Classical Mythology|access-date=4 April 2025|last=Pequigney|first=Joseph|year=2002|publisher=New England Publishing Associates|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415180456/http://www.glbtq.com/literature/classical_myth,3.html|archive-date=15 April 2014|quote="[He is willing] to accept anal penetration [...] to pay a debt."}}</ref>

'''Anthroporraistes''', ''Ἀνθρωπορραίστης '' ("man-destroyer"), a title of Dionysus at Tenedos.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=a)nqrwporraisths&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Bassareus''', ''Βασσαρεύς'' a Thracian name for Dionysus, which derives from ''bassaris'' or "fox-skin", which item was worn by his cultists in their mysteries.<ref>[[Erwin Rohde]], ''Psyché'', p. 269</ref><ref>Smith, William (1870) ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, Vol 1'' {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070903233129/http://www.ancientlibrary.com:80/smith-bio/0479.html  p.470]}}; retrieved 11 November 2022</ref>

''' Bougenes''', ''Βουγενής or Βοηγενής'' ("borne by a cow"), in the Mysteries of [[Lerna]].<ref>Nilsson Vol I, p.571.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=bougenh/s&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>
[[File:Met, roman, sarcophagus with dyonisus on a panther w. attendants, four seasons, tellus and ocean 220-230 ca. 02.JPG|thumb|Marble sarcophagus with the Triumph of Dionysos, who is riding a panther, with attendants, the Four Seasons, Tellus and Ocean, c. 220–230]]
''' Braetes''', ''Βραίτης'' ("related to beer") at [[Thrace]].<ref>Harrison, Prolegomena p.414.</ref>

'''Brisaeus''', ''Βρισαῖος'', a surname of Dionysus, derived either from mount Brisa in Lesbos  or from a nymph Brisa, who was said to have brought up the god.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DB%3Aentry+group%3D8%3Aentry%3Dbrisaeus-bio-1 A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Brisaeus]</ref>

'''Briseus''', ''Βρῑσεύς'' ("he who prevails") in [[Smyrna]].<ref>Aristid.Or.41</ref><ref>Macr.Sat.I.18.9</ref>

'''[[Bromius|Bromios]]''' ''Βρόμιος'' ("roaring", as of the wind, primarily relating to the central death/resurrection element of the myth,<ref>For a parallel see [[pneuma]]/[[psuche]]/[[wikt:anima|anima]] The core meaning is wind as "breath/spirit"</ref> but also the god's transformations into lion and bull,<ref>Bulls in antiquity were said to roar.</ref> and the boisterousness of those who drink alcohol. Also cognate with the "roar of thunder", which refers to Dionysus' father, Zeus "the thunderer".<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rdjiiigrEYgC&q=%22zeus+the+thunderer%22+-slot+-game&pg=PT78|title=Mythology For Dummies|last1=Blackwell|first1=Christopher W.|last2=Blackwell|first2=Amy Hackney|year=2011|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781118053874|language=en}}</ref>)

'''Choiropsalas''' ''χοιροψάλας'' ("pig-plucker": Greek ''χοῖρος'' = "pig", also used as a slang term for the female genitalia). A reference to Dionysus's role as a fertility deity.<ref>McKeown, J.C. ''A Cabinet of Greek Curiosities: Strange Tales and Surprising Facts from the Cradle of Western Civilization'', Oxford University Press, New York, 2013, p. 210)</ref><ref>[[Clement of Alexandria]], ''[[Protrepticus (Clement)|Exhortation to the Greeks]]'', 92: 82–83, Loeb Classical Library ([http://www.loebclassics.com/view/clement_alexandria-exhortation_greeks/1919/pb_LCL092.83.xml registration required]: accessed 17 December 2016)</ref>

'''Chthonios''' ''Χθόνιος'' ("the subterranean")<ref>Kerényi 1967; Kerényi 1976.</ref>

'''Cistophorus''' ''Κιστοφόρος'' ("basket-bearer, ivy-bearer"), Alludes To baskets being sacred to the god.<ref name="Suidas">{{Cite journal|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405-8262_rgg4_sim_025853|title=Suidas|journal=Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart|doi=10.1163/2405-8262_rgg4_sim_025853|last1=Stephan|first1=Christian}}</ref><ref>Suidas s.v. Kistophoros :

"Kistophoros (basket-bearer, ivy-bearer) : It seems that baskets were sacred to Dionysos and the Two Goddesses [Demeter and Persephone]." [N.B. Derived from Harpocration s.v. kittophoros, the ivy-bearer.]</ref>

'''Dasyllius''' ''Δασύλλιος'' ("frequenting the woods") at [[Megara]].<ref name="Pausanias">[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [https://topostext.org/work/213#1.43.5 1.43.5]</ref>

'''Dimetor''' ''Διμήτωρ'' ("twice-born") Refers to Dionysus's two births.<ref name="Suidas"/><ref>{{Citation|last=Hau|first=Lisa Irene|title=Diodorus Siculus|date=1 July 2016|work=Moral History from Herodotus to Diodorus Siculus|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|doi=10.3366/edinburgh/9781474411073.003.0003|isbn=978-1-4744-1107-3}}</ref><ref>Suidas s.v. Dimetor :

"Dimêtôr (twice-born) : Dionysos."</ref><ref>Diodorus Siculus, Library of History 3. 62. 5 (trans. Oldfather) (Greek historian C1st B.C.):

"Dionysos was named twice-born (''dimetor'') by the ancients, counting it as a single and first birth when the plant is set in the ground and begins to grow, and as a second birth when it becomes laden with fruit and ripens its grape-clusters—the god thus being considered as having been born once from the earth and again from the vine."</ref>

'''Dendrites''' ''Δενδρίτης'' ("of the trees"), as a fertility god.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DD%3Aentry+group%3D8%3Aentry%3Ddendrites-bio-1 A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Dendrites]</ref>

'''[[Dithyrambos]]''', ''Διθύραμβος'' used at his festivals, referring to his premature birth.

'''Eleuthereus''' ''Ἐλευθερεύς'' ("of [[Eleutherae]]").<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rehm |first1=Rush |title=Understanding Greek Tragic Theatre |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-60684-0 |page=16 |url=https://www.google.gr/books/edition/Understanding_Greek_Tragic_Theatre/oKuuDAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1 |language=en}}</ref>

'''Endendros''' ("he in the tree").<ref>Janda (2010), 16–44.<!-- page no. required --></ref>

'''[[Enorches]]''' ("with balls"),<ref>Kerényi 1976, p. 286.</ref> with reference to his fertility, or "in the testicles" in reference to Zeus' sewing the baby Dionysus "into his thigh", understood to mean his testicles).<ref>Jameson 1993, 53. Cf. note 16 for suggestions of Devereux on "Enorkhes,"</ref> Used at [[Samos]] according to [[Hesychius of Alexandria|Hesyichius]],<ref>Hesych. s.v. [https://archive.org/details/hesychiialexand00schmgoog/page/512/mode/2up Ἐνόρχης].</ref> or [[Lesbos]] according to the [[scholiast]] on Lycophron's ''Alexandra''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hornblower |first1=Simon |title=LYKOPHRON AND EPIGRAPHY: THE VALUE AND FUNCTION OF CULT EPITHETS IN THE ''ALEXANDRA'' |journal=The Classical Quarterly |date=2014 |volume=64 |issue=1 |page=116 |doi=10.1017/S0009838813000578 |jstor=26546287 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26546287 |issn=0009-8388}}</ref>

'''Eridromos''' ("good-running"), in Nonnus' ''Dionysiaca.''<ref>Reece, Steve, "The Epithet ἐρίδρομος in Nonnus’ Dionysiaca," ''Philologus: Zeitschrift für antike Literatur und ihre Rezeption'' 145 (2001) 357–359, explains Nonnus' use of this epithet at Dionysiaca 23.28 as a translation of the moribund Homeric epithet ἐριούνιος, which in Cyprian means "good-running."</ref>

'''Erikryptos''' ''Ἐρίκρυπτος'' ("completely hidden"), in Macedonia.

'''Euaster''' (Εὐαστήρ), from the cry "euae".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/epsilon/3378|title=SOL Search|website=Cs.uky.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Euius''' ('''Euios'''), from the cry "euae" in lyric passages, and in [[Euripides]]' play, ''[[The Bacchae]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=Eu)/ios&la=greek#Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=*eu)/ios-contents|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''[[Iacchus]]''', ''Ἴακχος'' a possible epithet of Dionysus, associated with the [[Eleusinian Mysteries]]. In [[Eleusis]], he is known as a son of [[Zeus]] and [[Demeter]]. The name "Iacchus" may come from the Ιακχος (''Iakchos''), a hymn sung in honor of Dionysus.

'''Indoletes''', ''Ἰνδολέτης'', meaning slayer/killer of Indians. Due to his campaign against the Indians.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg7000.tlg001.perseus-grc3:9.524|title=Greek Anthology, Volume III, book 9, chapter 524|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>
[[File:The Conquest of India by Dionysus at the archaeological museum of Sétif, ca. 200–300 CE.jpg|thumb|The Conquest of [[India]] by Dionysus at the archaeological museum of [[Sétif]], c. 200–300 AD]]

'''Isodaetes''', ''Ισοδαίτης'', meaning "he who distributes equal portions", cult epithet also shared with Helios.<ref>{{cite book | last = Versnel | first = H.S. | title = Inconsistencies in Greek and Roman Religion: Transition and Reversal in Myth and Ritual | volume = 1, Ter Unus. Isis, Dionysos, Hermes. Three Studies in Henotheism | publisher = [[Brill Publications]] | date = 2015 | isbn = 978-90-04-09266-2 | page = [https://books.google.com/books?id=1el5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA119 119]}}</ref>

'''Kemilius''', ''Κεμήλιος'' (''kemas'': "young deer, pricket").<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=kema/s|title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, κεμάς|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref><ref>Alkaeus: Temple of Zeus, Hera and "Dionysus Kemilius" (Ζόννυσος Κεμήλιος) Nilsson Vol I p.575</ref>

'''Liknites''' ("he of the winnowing fan"), as a fertility god connected with [[Greco-Roman mysteries|mystery religions]]. A winnowing fan was used to separate the chaff from the grain.
[[File:MNRPalMassimoBaccoTesta.jpg|thumb|[[Tiber Dionysus|Detail of the bronze Ponte Garibaldi Bacchus]], Palazzo Massimo, Rome]]

'''Lenaius''', '' Ληναῖος'' ("god of the wine-press") <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=lh/naios&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Lyaeus''', or '''Lyaios''' (Λυαῖος, "deliverer", literally "loosener"), one who releases from care and anxiety.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=%CE%BB%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref>

'''Lysius''', ''Λύσιος'' ("delivering, releasing"). At Thebes there was a temple of Dionysus Lysius.<ref>Nilsson Vol I p.574</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=lu/sios&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref><ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''[[Description of Greece]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.16.6&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160 9.16.6]; Fowler, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA63 p. 63].</ref>

'''Melanaigis''' ''Μελάναιγις'' ("of the black goatskin") at the [[Apaturia]] festival.

'''Morychus''' Μόρυχος ("smeared"); in Sicily, because his icon was smeared with wine [[Lees (fermentation)|lees]] at the vintage.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%85%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=www.perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref><ref>Mentioned by [[Erasmus]] in [http://www.gutenberg.org/files/9371/9371-h/9371-h.htm ''The Praise of Folly'']</ref>

'''Mystes''' ''Μύστης'' ("of the mysteries") at [[Korythio]] in [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=mu/sths&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref><ref>Pausanias 8.54.5</ref>

'''Nysian''' ''Nύσιος'', according to [[Philostratus]], he was called like this by the [[ancient India]]ns.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0638.tlg001.perseus-grc1:2.2|title=Philostratus the Athenian, Vita Apollonii, book 2, chapter 2|website=www.perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref> Most probably, because according to legend he founded the city of [[Nagara (ancient city)|Nysa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://topostext.org/work/530#B1329|title=ToposText|website=topostext.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.1|title=Arrian, Anabasis, book 5, chapter 1|website=www.perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0530:book=5:chapter=2|title=Arrian, Anabasis, book 5, chapter 2|website=www.perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref>

'''Oeneus''', ''Οἰνεύς'' ("wine-dark") as god of the [[wine press]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Suidas |title=Souidas. : Suidæ lexicon, Græce & Latine. Textum Græcum cum manuscriptis codicibus collatum a quamplurimis mendis purgavit, notisque perpetuis illustravit: versionem Latinam Æmilii Porti innumeris in locis correxit; indicesque auctorum & rerum adjecit Ludolphus Kusterus, Professor humaniorum literarum in Gymnasio Regio Berolinensi |date=1705 |publisher=Typis academicis|oclc=744697285}}</ref><ref>Suidas s.v. Oinops (quoting Greek Anthology 6. 44. 5 and 7. 20. 2) :

"Oinops (wine-dark): 'to wine-dark [so-and-so],' to black [so-and-so]. In the ''Epigrams'': '. . . from which we poured libations, as much [as is] right, to wine-dark Bakkhos and the Satyroi.' But ruddy (''oinôpos'') [means] wine-coloured, bright or black. 'Feeding on the ruddy grape-cluster of Bakkhos.'"</ref>

'''Omadios''', ''Ωμάδιος'' ("eating raw flesh"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, ὠμάδιος |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:alphabetic+letter=*w:entry+group=3:entry=w)ma/dios |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=www.perseus.tufts.edu|quote= =ὠμηστής, because he had human sacrifices at Chios and Tenedos}};{{Cite web |title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, ὠμησ-τής |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:alphabetic+letter=*w:entry+group=4:entry=w)mhsth/s |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=www.perseus.tufts.edu|quote=eating raw flesh&nbsp;... epith. of Dionysus, = ὠμάδιος}}</ref>); [[Eusebius]] writes in [[Preparation for the Gospel]] that Euelpis of Carystus states that in [[Chios]] and [[Tenedos]] they did human sacrifice to Dionysus Omadios.<ref>''Orphic Hymns'', [https://archive.org/details/mysticalhymnsor00taylgoog/page/68/mode/2up?view=theater xxx. 5 (Taylor)], ([https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/26/mode/2up?view=theater Athanassakis and Wolkov]), [https://archive.org/details/mysticalhymnsor00taylgoog/page/108/mode/2up?view=theater lii. 7 (Taylor)], ([https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780891301196/page/42/mode/2up?view=theater Athanassakis and Wolkov]).</ref><ref>Porphyry, ''On Abstinance from Animal Food'', [https://archive.org/details/b28747197/page/86/mode/2up?view=theater ii. 55 and note 23, p. 87] ([https://www.tertullian.org/fathers/porphyry_abstinence_02_book2.htm#23 also at Tertullian.org]) (with citations to Orphic Hymns xxxix. 5 and li. 7 substituted for xxx. 5 and lii. 7).</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://remacle.org/bloodwolf/historiens/eusebe/preparation4grec.htm#XVI|title=EUSEBE DE CESAREE : Préparation évangélique : livre IV (texte grec)|website=remacle.org}}</ref>

'''Patroos''', ''Πατρῷος'' ("paternal") at [[Megara]].<ref name="Pausanias"/>

'''Phallen ''', ''Φαλλήν'' (probably "related to the [[phallus]]"), at [[Lesbos]].<ref>Nilsson Vol I ,p.593.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=fallh/n|title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, φαλλήν|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Phleus''' ("related to the bloοm of a plant").<ref>Φλοιός, Φλέος, Φλεύς . (Plut.quest. conviv. p. 683F, Aelian V.H. III 41, Herodian I p.400 Lenz) Nilsson Vol I p.584)</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=fle/os&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=flou=s&la=greek&can=flou=s0&prior=fle/ws#Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=flo/os-contents|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''[[Pseudanor]]''', ''Ψευδάνωρ'' (literally "false man", referring to his feminine qualities), in [[Macedon]]ia.

'''Pericionius''', ''Περικιόνιος'' ("climbing the column (ivy)", a name of Dionysus at Thebes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=perikio/nios|title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, περικι_-όνιος|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Semeleios'''<ref>Opsomer, Jan. "La démiurgie des jeunes dieux selon Proclus". In: '' Études Classiques'' Tome 71, Nº. 1: Le "Timée" au fil des âges: son influence et ses lectures. 2003. pp. 18–19 (footnote nr. 47), 25 and 37–38 (footnote nr. 124). {{ISSN|0014-200X}}</ref> ('''Semeleius''' or '''Semeleus'''),<ref>[[Karl Ernst Georges|Georges, Karl Ernst]]. ''Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch''. Hannover: August 1918 (Nachdruck Darmstadt 1998). Band 2. Sp. 2582.</ref> an obscure epithet meaning 'He of the Earth', 'son of Semele'.<ref>Harrison, Jane Ellen. ''Themis''. Cambridge University Press. 1912. p. 421.</ref><ref>Naylor, H. Darnley. ''Horace Odes and Epodes: A study in word-order''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1922. p. 37.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.2307/4351533|jstor = 4351533|title = Structure and Design in Horace "Odes" 1. 17|year = 1994|last1 = Putnam|first1 = Michael C. J. |journal = The Classical World|volume = 87|issue = 5|pages = 357–375}}</ref><ref>Papaioannou, Sophia (2013). "Embracing Vergil’s 'Arcadia': Constructions and representations of a literary topos in the poetry of the Augustans". In: ''Acta Antiqua'' 53: 160–161. DOI: 10.1556/AAnt.53.2013.2-3.2.</ref> Also appears in the expression ''Semeleios Iakchus plutodotas'' ("Son of Semele, Iakchus, wealth-giver").<ref>Humphreys, S. C. ''The Strangeness of Gods: Historical perspectives on the interpretation of Athenian religion''. Oxford University Press. 2004. p. 235 (footnote nr. 34). {{ISBN|0-19-926923-8}}</ref>

'''Skyllitas''', ''Σκυλλίτας'' ("related to the vine-branch") at Kos.<ref>Hesych. σκυλλίς , κληματίς. Nilsson Vol. I , p.584.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=klhmati/s|title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, κλημα^τ-ίς|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Sykites''', ''Συκίτης'' ("related to figs"), at Laconia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=su_k-i/ths&la=greek&can=su_k-i/ths0&d=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=suki/ths&i=1#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Taurophagus''', ''Ταυροφάγος'' ("bull eating").<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=taurofa/gos|title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, ταυρο-φάγος|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Tauros''' ''Ταῦρος'' ("a bull"), occurs as a surname of Dionysus.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Euripides.|title=The Bacchae|date=2019|publisher=Neeland Media LLC|isbn=978-1-4209-6184-3|oclc=1108536627}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=DIONYSUS TITLES & EPITHETS - Ancient Greek Religion|url=https://www.theoi.com/Cult/DionysosTitles.html|access-date=8 July 2020|website=Theoi.com}}</ref>

'''Theoinus''', ''Θέοινος'' (wine-god of a festival in Attica).<ref>Heshyh. Θεοίνια, Θέοινος Διόνυσος</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=qeoi/nos&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=qeoi/nia&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Τhyiοn''', ''Θυίων'' ("from the festival of Dionysus 'Thyia' ''(Θυῐα)'' at Elis").<ref>Paus.6.26.1</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=qui/a&la=greek#lexicon|title=Greek Word Study Tool|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

'''Thyllophorus''', ''Θυλλοφόρος'' ("bearing leaves"), at Kos.<ref>Hesych. θύλλα, φύλλα or κλάδοι.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=qu/lla|title=Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, θύλλα|website=Perseus.tufts.edu|access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref>

In the Greek [[Pantheon (gods)|pantheon]], Dionysus (along with [[Zeus]]) absorbs the role of [[Sabazios]], a [[Thracians|Thracian]]/[[Phrygia]]n deity. In the [[Roman mythology|Roman pantheon]], Sabazius became an alternative name for Bacchus.<ref>Rosemarie Taylor-Perry, The God Who Comes: Dionysian Mysteries Revisited. Algora Press 2003, p. 89, cf. [[Sabazius]].</ref>