Editing Dili (section)

==Geography==
{{Pie chart
| caption = Land use within Dili's urban area as of 2014<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|3–7}}
| label1 = Residential
| value1 = 49.0
| label2 = Commercial
| value2 = 5.3
| label3 = Industry
| value3 = 1.9
| label4 = Public
| value4 = 6.2
| label5 = Military
| value5 = 0.5
| label6 = Infrastructure
| value6 = 2.6
| label7 = Religious
| value7 = 1.0
| label8 = Roads
| value8 = 8.1
| label9 = Agriculture
| value9 = 7.2
| label10 = Open
| value10 = 10.2
| label11 = Water
| value11 = 8.0
}}
Dili lies on the northern coast of the island of [[Timor]], which is among the eastern [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]<ref name="MPW2014">{{cite web |url=https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12148995.pdf |title=Preparatory Survey Report on the Project for the Construction of Upriver Comoro Bridge in the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste |publisher=Japan International Cooperation Agency |date=February 2014 |access-date=11 July 2021 |archive-date=11 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711154926/https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12148995.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|i}} and lies in the [[UTC+9]] timezone.<ref name="CIA"/> Offshore is the [[Ombai Strait]] of the [[Savu Sea]].<ref name="AdministrativeDivision"/><ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-4}} To the south is the central mountain range running through Timor,<ref name="Moxham"/>{{rp|7}} which extends north to the coast on the west and east surrounding the core city.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2-13}} The underlying ground is predominately [[limestone]] and [[marine clay]].<ref name="JICA2011">{{cite web |url=https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12044392_01.pdf |title=The study on project for promotion of agribusiness in Timor-Leste |publisher=Japan International Cooperation Agency |date=November 2011 |access-date=14 June 2021 |archive-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614153555/https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12044392_01.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|2–13}}

The precise location of the city is around 8°35′S, 125°36′E.<ref name="CIA"/><!--Pinto2016 gives similar 8°34′S, 125°34′E--> The city lies mostly within the larger [[Dili Municipality]], whose total area was {{convert|367|km2|sqmi}}<ref name="JICA2011"/>{{rp|2–5}} when including [[Atauro Island]], north of Dili, which was formerly part of the municipality<ref name="AdministrativeDivision"/> before becoming a separate municipality on 1 January 2022.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://atauro.gov.tl/en/ |title=Atauro Municipality |publisher=Ministério da Administração Estatal |access-date=2 July 2024}}</ref> The municipalities bordering Dili are [[Aileu Municipality|Aileu]], [[Liquiçá Municipality|Liquiçá]], and [[Manatuto Municipality|Manatuto]].<ref name="AdministrativeDivision"/> The municipality contains 31 sucos, divided into 241 aldeias.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-1}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jornal.gov.tl/public/docs/2009/serie_1/serie1_no33.pdf|title=Jornal da Republica |publisher=Jornal.gov.tl |pages=3601–3605 |access-date=12 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100203110707/http://www.jornal.gov.tl/public/docs/2009/serie_1/serie1_no33.pdf |archive-date=3 February 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The urban area of the city of Dili extends through four of the Dili Municipality's Administrative Posts, [[Cristo Rei Administrative Post|Cristo Rei]], [[Dom Aleixo Administrative Post|Dom Aleixo]], [[Nain Feto]], and [[Vera Cruz Administrative Post|Vera Cruz]]. 18 sucos within these are considered urban, and this urban area is perhaps {{convert|48|km2|sqmi}} large.<ref name="Pinto2016"/>{{rp|264}} The wider urban area extends west into the [[Tibar]] suco of the [[Bazartete Administrative Post]] in the [[Liquiçá Municipality]]. The combined area of all sucos within the urban region is {{convert|17862|ha}},<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-2, 1–3, I-4}} however this includes terrain considered too steep for habitation,<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-4}} with only perhaps 37%, or {{convert|6698|ha}}, flat enough for development.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-5}} As of 2014, only 25.5% of the total area was developed.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-6}}

[[File:Jesus Backside Beach, Dili, East Timor (312833934).jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[Jesus Backside Beach]], east of Dili]]
The main city lies within an area of flat lowlands of less than 100m altitude,<ref name="JICA2011"/>{{rp|2–2}} mostly between 0 and 60m,<ref name="Pinto2016"/>{{rp|264}} and a slope under 15 degrees.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–2}} This includes an [[alluvial plain]], and a number of beaches line the coast.<ref name="Miranda2015">{{cite book |title=Architectural Heritage of Portuguese Origins of Dili |url=https://issuu.com/incidentaldoc/docs/dilimonio__web_ |date=14 October 2015 |publisher=Secretariat of State for Tourism, Art and Culture |isbn=978-989-20-6020-0 |editor1=Flávio Miranda |editor2=Isabel Boavida}}</ref>{{rp|15}} The soil underneath this plain is [[quaternary]] [[alluvium]].<ref name="Pinto2016"/>{{rp|265}} The distance between the sea and the mountains reaches a maximum width of only {{convert|4|km|mi}},<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-4}} and the surrounding mountains slope near the city at angles of 20 degrees or higher.<ref name="JICA2011"/>{{rp|2–13}} On either side of the core urban area are mountain ridges extending from the southern range to the coast, leading to urban development spilling over onto areas of flat land on the other sides of these [[Spur (topography)|spurs]]. Tibar lies on the opposite site of the western range, while Hera lies on the opposite side of the eastern range.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-6, I-7}} Another spur encloses Hera on its east.<ref name="ETO">{{cite web |url=https://www.laohamutuk.org/Env/ETO/ToR_Hera%20Jetty%20and%20Fuel%20Storage_4.1.2014_rev_5.12.2014.pdf |title=Terms of Reference for the Formulation of Hera Fuel Storage and Jetty Development Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) |publisher=Esperanca Timor Oan (ETO), Lda. |access-date=11 July 2021 |archive-date=22 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210622171936/http://laohamutuk.org/Env/ETO/ToR_Hera%20Jetty%20and%20Fuel%20Storage_4.1.2014_rev_5.12.2014.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|10}}

The [[Comoro River]] flows through the western side of the city, while the Bemorl and Benmauc Rivers <!--referred to as the Kuluhum and Santana by JICA--> join together in the East.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/3116/dili-east-timor |title=Dili, Timor-Leste |date=13 January 2003 |publisher=NASA Earth Observatory |access-date=29 June 2021 |archive-date=29 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629155003/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/3116/dili-east-timor |url-status=live }}</ref> The Maloa river lies between these. The Maucau river flows through Tibar, while the Akanunu and Mota Kiik rivers flow through Hera.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–3}} The Comoro is the largest, with a [[drainage basin]] extending {{convert|9|km|mi}} inland to a point where the mountains are {{convert|900|m|ft}} high.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–3}} The water level within these rivers differs greatly between the dry and wet seasons.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|5–9}} Parts of the city are considered to face drought hazards and flooding risk from rivers, issues related to [[climate change]].<ref name="SDP2011"/>{{rp|57}} Within the main city of Dili (although not in Hera or Tibar), rivers have reinforced to contain a once-in-25-year flood.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–3}} Small-scale flooding occurs in a minority of houses a few times each year, and reports of land [[subsidence]] are found throughout the city.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|3–21}} The Maloa river is the most commonly flooded.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|5–7}} [[Landslide]]s have previously caused damage and loss of life.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|5–1}} The area is thought to face [[earthquake]] and [[tsunami]] risks, although no major events have occurred.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–4}} Air pollution is considered an increasing issue,<ref name="SDP2011"/>{{rp|25}} with contributors including forest fires, wood-fuelled cooking, and vehicles.<ref name="SDP2011"/>{{rp|61}}

===Ecology===
[[File:Many faces of Lake Tasitolu. view from eastern ridge with Atauro island in background, 29 Apr 2003.jpg|thumb|The protected [[Tasitolu]] wetlands lie between the mountains and the ocean in Dili's west]]
The landscape around Dili naturally supports dry [[Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests|deciduous forests]].<ref name="Carter2001"/>{{rp|33}} Common tree species include ''[[Sterculia foetida]]'', ''[[Calophyllum teysmanii]]'', and ''[[Aleurites moluccana]]''. ''[[Eucalyptus alba]]'' is found in rocky areas, and [[palm tree|palm]] and [[acacia]] trees are also found. The eucalyptus trees often serve as firewood, while nuts from ''A. moluccana'' are sometimes burnt to produce lighting. Trees found within urban areas include ''[[Alstonia scholaris]]'', ''[[Albizia julibrissin]]'', ''[[Ficus microcarpa]]'', and a variety of fruit trees.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–16}}<ref name="MPW2014"/>{{rp|15}} While forests around the city have been damaged by harvesting for construction and firewood,<ref name="Carter2001"/>{{rp|78}} the national government aims to reforest these areas.<ref name="SDP2011"/>{{rp|59}} Large wildlife in these forests includes [[monkey]]s.<ref name="USAIDCristoReiSMP">{{cite web |url=https://www.timorleste.tl/wp-content/uploads/formidable/4/Cristo-Rei-SMP.pdf |title=Cristo Rei Sustainable Management Plan |publisher=United States Agency for International Development |access-date=23 July 2024}}</ref>{{rp|11}}

[[Mangrove]] species found along the coastline include the near-threatened ''[[Ceriops decandra]]''.<ref name="USAIDCristoReiSMP"/>{{rp|9}} [[Coral reef]]s, [[seagrass meadow]]s, and intertidal [[mudflat]]s are also present.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–16}}<ref name="ETO"/>{{rp|4, 14}} The coral reefs off Dili appear to be locally sheltered from the average [[sea surface temperature]] rise from climate change. However, they face some degradation from human activities.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kim |first1=Catherine J. S. |last2=Roelfsema |first2=Chris |last3=Dove |first3=Sophie |last4=Hoegh-Guldberg |first4=Ove |title=The Condition of Four Coral Reefs in Timor-Leste before and after the 2016–2017 Marine Heatwave |journal=Oceans |date=8 April 2022 |volume=3 |issue=2 |page=164 |doi=10.3390/oceans3020012 |url=https://mdpi-res.com/d_attachment/oceans/oceans-03-00012/article_deploy/oceans-03-00012.pdf |doi-access=free |access-date=12 April 2022 |archive-date=26 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426051359/https://mdpi-res.com/d_attachment/oceans/oceans-03-00012/article_deploy/oceans-03-00012.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The seagrass beds support [[dugong]]s and [[sea turtle]]s, while [[dolphin]]s and [[whale]]s are found offshore.<ref name="USAIDCristoReiSMP"/>{{rp|10–11}}

There are three protected biodiversity areas within Dili: Behau, [[Cristo Rei Protected Area]], and [[Tasitolu]]. The {{convert|18.1|km|mi}} Cristo Rei Protected Area lies on the mountains separating central Dili and Hera. The {{convert|3.8|km|mi}} Tasitolu area lies near the border of the Dili and Liquiçá municipalities and covers land and some coastal waters. It is being developed as a recreational site and holy area. The large {{convert|274.9|km|mi}} Behau protected area covers much of the sea off eastern Dili, as well as coastal areas in Hera and to the east. Behau is the most recently proposed of the three areas, and the government is considering abolishing it and replacing it with smaller areas. [[BirdLife International]] has identified Cristo Rei Protected Area and Tasitolu as falling within [[Important Bird Area]]s. Development can occur in these areas with the approval of the national government.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-4, 2–14, 2–15, 3–10}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.biodiversitya-z.org/content/timor-leste |title=Timor-Leste |publisher=biodiversity a-z |access-date=10 July 2021 |archive-date=10 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710141718/https://www.biodiversitya-z.org/content/timor-leste |url-status=live}}</ref> Near-threatened bird species found in these protected areas include the [[black cuckoo-dove]], the [[pink-headed imperial pigeon]], and the [[Timor sparrow]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Important Bird Areas in Asia: Key Sites for Conservation |author1=S. Chan |author2=M. J. Crosby |author3=M. Z. Islam |author4=A. W. Tordoff |date=2004 |publisher=BirdLife International |url=https://datazone.birdlife.org/info/ibasasia |chapter=Timor-Leste |chapter-url=https://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/IBAs/AsiaCntryPDFs/Timor-Leste.pdf |page=260}}</ref>

===Climate===
[[File:Dili Klimadiagramm.png|thumb|alt=Chart showing temperature with small fluctuations and large differences in precipitation throughout the year|Maximum daily temperatures (red line), minimum daily temperatures (blue line), and precipitation (green bars) changes]]
Dili has a rather dry [[tropical savanna climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Aw''). A rainy season lasts from November to April<!--Pinto2016 says December to May citing Wallace et al. 2012--> and a dry season from May to October. Rainfall is highest in December, averaging {{convert|170|mm|in|2|disp=or}} between 2005 and 2013, and lowest in August, averaging {{convert|5.3|mm|in|2|disp=or}} over the same time period. The overall average is {{convert|902|mm|in|2|disp=or}} annually, although there is significant variation between years.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–1}}

Mean temperatures average around {{convert|26|to|28|°C|°F|1}}. This changes by {{convert|10.8|to|13.8|C-change|F-change|1}} throughout the day, from minimums at around {{convert|20|°C|°F|disp=or}} to maximums at over {{convert|33|°C|°F|1|disp=or}}. There are larger temperature changes during the dry season.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–1, 2–2}} [[Climate change in Timor-Leste|Climate change]] is shifting weather patterns, and may exacerbate extreme weather events.<ref name="Rubrico2022"/> The highest single recorded temperature in the city up to 2013 was {{convert|36|°C|°F|1|disp=or}} in November 2011, while the lowest has been {{convert|14|°C|°F|1|disp=or}} in August 2013.<ref name="Pinto2016"/>{{rp|265}}

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| metric first = yes
| single line  = yes
| location     = Dili (1914–1963)
| temperature colour = 
| Jan record high C = 36.0
| Feb record high C = 35.5
| Mar record high C = 36.6
| Apr record high C = 36.0
| May record high C = 35.7
| Jun record high C = 36.5
| Jul record high C = 34.1
| Aug record high C = 35.0
| Sep record high C = 34.0
| Oct record high C = 34.5
| Nov record high C = 36.0
| Dec record high C = 35.5
| year record high C = 36.6
| Jan high C = 31.3
| Feb high C = 31.1
| Mar high C = 31.2
| Apr high C = 31.5
| May high C = 31.3
| Jun high C = 30.7
| Jul high C = 30.2
| Aug high C = 30.1
| Sep high C = 30.3
| Oct high C = 30.5
| Nov high C = 31.4
| Dec high C = 31.1
| year high C = 30.9
| Jan mean C = 27.7
| Feb mean C = 27.6
| Mar mean C = 27.4
| Apr mean C = 27.4
| May mean C = 27.0
| Jun mean C = 26.8
| Jul mean C = 25.5
| Aug mean C = 25.1
| Sep mean C = 25.4
| Oct mean C = 26.0
| Nov mean C = 27.2
| Dec mean C = 27.4
| year mean C = 26.6
| Jan low C = 24.1
| Feb low C = 24.1
| Mar low C = 23.5
| Apr low C = 23.5
| May low C = 22.8
| Jun low C = 21.9
| Jul low C = 20.8
| Aug low C = 20.1
| Sep low C = 20.5
| Oct low C = 21.5
| Nov low C = 23.0
| Dec low C = 23.6
| year low C = 22.4
| Jan record low C = 19.0
| Feb record low C = 16.2
| Mar record low C = 16.5
| Apr record low C = 18.2
| May record low C = 13.2
| Jun record low C = 14.5
| Jul record low C = 12.4
| Aug record low C = 11.8
| Sep record low C = 13.4
| Oct record low C = 16.1
| Nov record low C = 18.0
| Dec record low C = 16.7
| year record low C = 11.8
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 139.5
| Feb rain mm = 138.7
| Mar rain mm = 132.7
| Apr rain mm = 104.3
| May rain mm = 74.9
| Jun rain mm = 58.4
| Jul rain mm = 20.1
| Aug rain mm = 12.1
| Sep rain mm = 9.0
| Oct rain mm = 12.8
| Nov rain mm = 61.4
| Dec rain mm = 144.9
| unit rain days = 1.0 mm
| Jan rain days = 13
| Feb rain days = 13
| Mar rain days = 11
| Apr rain days = 9
| May rain days = 6
| Jun rain days = 4
| Jul rain days = 3
| Aug rain days = 1
| Sep rain days = 1
| Oct rain days = 2
| Nov rain days = 6
| Dec rain days = 11
| Jan humidity = 80
| Feb humidity = 82
| Mar humidity = 80
| Apr humidity = 77
| May humidity = 75
| Jun humidity = 72
| Jul humidity = 71
| Aug humidity = 70
| Sep humidity = 71
| Oct humidity = 72
| Nov humidity = 73
| Dec humidity = 77
| year humidity = 75
| Jan sun = 189.1
| Feb sun = 161.0
| Mar sun = 235.6
| Apr sun = 234.0
| May sun = 266.6
| Jun sun = 246.0
| Jul sun = 272.8
| Aug sun = 291.4
| Sep sun = 288.0
| Oct sun = 297.6
| Nov sun = 270.0
| Dec sun = 220.1
| year sun =
| Jand sun  = 6.1
| Febd sun  = 5.7
| Mard sun  = 7.6
| Aprd sun  = 7.8
| Mayd sun  = 8.6
| Jund sun  = 8.2
| Juld sun  = 8.8
| Augd sun  = 9.4
| Sepd sun  = 9.6
| Octd sun  = 9.6
| Novd sun  = 9.0
| Decd sun  = 7.1
| yeard sun = 8.1
| source 1  = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]<ref name = DWD>{{cite web
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_973900_kt.pdf
| title = Klimatafel von Díli, Insel Timor / Ost-Timor
| work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| language = de
| access-date = 29 January 2016
| archive-date = 21 October 2020
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201021231014/https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_973900_kt.pdf
| url-status = live
}}</ref>
}}

===Buildings and monuments===
[[File:Dili cities rivers.png|thumb|upright|Dili Municipality (prior to the separation of Atauro), with sucos considered urban in red]]
The old quarter of the city lies within what is now the city's eastern half.<ref name="JICA2011"/>{{rp|5–20}} The original Portuguese settlement occurred in a grid parallel to the shore, and the city has extended along this east-west axis.<ref name="Miranda2015"/>{{rp|15}} The older parts of the city are the most densely built up, with little available land. The western portion of the city is the location of the airport and has the most recent urban growth.<ref name="MPW2014"/>{{rp|i}} Most infrastructure was destroyed in 1999,<ref name="Vitor2015"/>{{rp|103}}<ref name="Profile">{{cite web|url=http://www.estatal.gov.tl/Documents/District%20Development%20Plans%20and%20Profiles/Dili/Dili%20District%20_eng.pdf|title=Profile of Dili District |publisher=Estatal.gov.tl |access-date=12 March 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150408144609/http://www.estatal.gov.tl/Documents/District%20Development%20Plans%20and%20Profiles/Dili/Dili%20District%20_eng.pdf |archive-date=8 April 2015}}</ref>{{rp|2}} including 68,000 homes.<ref name="Cryan2015"/>{{rp|143}} Following rebuilding as of 2010, 71.6% of houses have concrete or brick walls.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|2–18}} In Hera however, just over 50% of houses were mostly wooden as of 2014.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|3–20}}

Land rights remain complicated and unresolved as a result of the 2006 crisis, with returns of former residents to the capital having been carried out on an ad-hoc basis. There are disputes between residents who claim land was taken from them by previous regimes, and the national government that has created what is seen as an expansive definition of state land. Developing a formal property system and land register is a key development goal.<ref name="Cryan2015"/>{{rp|143–144}} Those living in houses with this mixed ownership history, perhaps up to 50% of all residents, face heightened risk of eviction.<ref name="Scambary2021"/>{{rp|289–290}}

Important government buildings which form the core of the city are clustered around the [[Port of Dili]]. The outskirts of the city are the most recently developed, and grew organically without much urban planning.<ref name="Miranda2015"/>{{rp|15}} The central core (Bairro Central) contains most administrative buildings, and has the most buildings constructed with [[masonry]].<ref name="Miranda2015"/>{{rp|59}} It retains many buildings that reflect Portuguese-era architecture.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-5}} To the east of the central government area is the old Chinese area, which still retains a number of Chinese-influenced buildings.<ref name="Miranda2015"/>{{rp|81-86}}

Portuguese-era buildings are most common in the Motael, Gricenfor, and Bidau Lecidere sucos,<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|I-8}} often stretched along the main road running through the old part of the city, the {{ill|Avenida Nicolau Lobato|de}}.<ref name="Miranda2015"/>{{rp|75-79}} The main government complex is located at the Largo Infante Dom Henrique, next to the seafront. This location was part of the 1951 urban plan.<ref name="Miranda2015"/>{{rp|61}} The primary building here is the [[Government Palace, Dili|Government Palace]], consists of three two-story buildings connected by a single arcade which were built at different periods between 1953 and 1969.<ref name="Miranda2015"/>{{rp|63}} 
Another old building is the [[Municipal Market of Dili|former Market Hall]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://hpip.org/en/Heritage/Details/429 |title=Market |publisher=Heritage of Portuguese Influence |access-date=4 July 2024}}</ref>

The government has identified a number of heritage buildings in the city, especially in the old quarter.<ref name="JICA2016"/>{{rp|3–23}} New buildings are being built to house cultural institutions. The Museum and Cultural Centre of Timor-Leste is tasked with hosting the country's cultural artefacts.<ref name="SDP2011"/>{{rp|65}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=4278&n=1&lang=en |title=Timor-Leste Art and Culture: Future Timor-Leste Museum and Cultural Centre |publisher=Government of Timor-Leste |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=14 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714165446/http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=4278&n=1&lang=en |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[National Library of Timor-Leste]] is intended to serve as both a library and a national archive.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=4257&lang=en&n=1 |title=Timor-Leste Art and Culture: The Future National Library and Timor-Leste Archives |publisher=Government of Timor-Leste |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=14 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714165445/http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=4257&lang=en&n=1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ndl.go.jp/en/cdnlao/meetings/pdf/AR2014_Timor_Leste.pdf |title=National Library of Timor-Leste Annual Report |publisher=Ministry of Tourism |date=February 2014 |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414001614/https://www.ndl.go.jp/en/cdnlao/meetings/pdf/AR2014_Timor_Leste.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:2021-12-16 Sede do Municipio de Dili.jpg|thumb|Dili City Hall]]
Notable churches include the [[Motael Church]], the oldest in the country, which became associated with resistance to Indonesian rule.<ref name="DeGiosa2019"/>{{rp|88}} The [[Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Dili|Immaculate Conception Cathedral]] was built with the intention of being the largest church in Southeast Asia.<ref name="DeGiosa2019"/>{{rp|84}} The [[Cristo Rei of Dili]] is a {{convert|27|m|ft|adj=on}} tall statue of Jesus situated on top of a globe at the end of the eastern [[Cape Fatucama|Fatucama peninsula]].<ref name="USAIDCristoReiSMP"/>{{rp|12}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/tourism-in-timor |title=Tourism in Timor? &#124; Travel + Leisure |publisher=Travelandleisure.com |access-date=12 March 2015 |archive-date=8 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708095008/http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/tourism-in-timor |url-status=live }}</ref> It is positioned at the end of a [[Stations of the Cross]] pathway including over 500 steps.<ref name="SDP2011"/>{{rp|146}} It was a present from the government of Indonesia during occupation for the 20th anniversary of [[Indonesian invasion of East Timor|East Timor's integration into Indonesia]]. Its height reflects the symbolism of East Timor being Indonesia's 27th province at the time of the monument's construction in 1996.<ref name="DeGiosa2019"/>{{rp|85}}

The Integration Monument commemorates the Indonesian annexation of the territory in 1976. It takes the shape of a statue of an East Timorese warrior in traditional dress breaking the chains round his wrists, deliberate chosen to associate traditional Timorese identity with Indonesian rule. The monument has not been demolished, but is instead now regarded as representing the struggle against both periods of foreign rule.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Arthur |first1=Catherine E. |title=Political Symbols and National Identity in Timor-Leste |isbn=978-3-319-98782-8 |pages=74–77 |chapter=Monuments and Memorials: Funu, Terus, and Constructing an East Timorese National Identity |series=Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies |year=2019 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-98782-8_3 |s2cid=158080398 |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-98782-8_3 |access-date=22 July 2021 |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408195434/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-98782-8_3 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[National Stadium (Timor-Leste)|National Stadium]] has two seating stands, one on either side, with grass banks providing space for other spectators. It has a capacity of around 9,000 people. It is often used to host [[association football]], the most popular sport in the country,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thesefootballtimes.co/2018/06/27/the-road-to-moscow-how-mongolia-and-timor-leste-kicked-off-a-936-game-odyssey-to-russia/ |title=The road to Moscow: how Mongolia and Timor-Leste kicked off a 936-game odyssey to Russia |publisher=These Football Times |date=27 June 2018 |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408195434/https://thesefootballtimes.co/2018/06/27/the-road-to-moscow-how-mongolia-and-timor-leste-kicked-off-a-936-game-odyssey-to-russia/ |url-status=live }}</ref> although infrastructure issues mean the [[Timor-Leste national football team|national team]] must sometimes play home games in other countries.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fas.org.sg/opponent-spotlight-timor-leste/ |title=Opponent Spotlight: Timor-Leste |publisher=Football Association of Singapore |date=18 November 2018 |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=25 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525002627/https://www.fas.org.sg/opponent-spotlight-timor-leste/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the past it has been used to host refugees and distribute aid.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2006/6/448e91721c/timor-leste-first-phase-emergency-relief-operation-completed.html |title=Timor-Leste: First phase of emergency relief operation completed |last=Pagonis |first=Jennifer |date=13 June 2006 |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408195434/https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2006/6/448e91721c/timor-leste-first-phase-emergency-relief-operation-completed.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1042317 |title=East Timorese refugees, including crying children, wait at a makeshift camp at Dili stadium after ... |publisher=Australian War Memorial |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408195442/https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1042317 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1116923 |title=A birds eye view of the Dili Stadium where 18 members of a platoon from Charlie Company, 5/7th ... |publisher=Australian War Memorial |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=8 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408195436/https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1116923 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed">
File:Palacio do Governo 2011.jpg|[[Government Palace, Dili]] (Timor-Leste's prime minister's Office)
File:Hindu Tempel Dili04.jpg|[[Pura Girinatha]] [[Balinese Hinduism|Hindu]] temple, built during [[Indonesia]]n occupation
File:2017-03-30 Kathedrale von Dili 1.jpg|[[Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Dili|Dili Cathedral]]
File:110623-F-HS649-551 (5881875275).jpg|[[Cristo Rei of Dili]] atop a summit on [[Cape Fatucama|Fatucama peninsula]] outside of Dili
File:Painel pateo AMRT1.jpg|[[Timorese Resistance Archive and Museum]]
</gallery>