Editing Dictatorship (section)

=== One-party<span class="anchor" id="One-party dictatorship"></span> ===
{{Main|One-party state}}
[[File:RIAN archive 851899 Pioneers and schoolchildren greet delegates and guests of XVII convention of trade unions of the USSR.jpg|thumb|An assembly at the [[Kremlin Palace of Congresses]] in Moscow, Soviet Union]]
One-party dictatorships are governments in which a single political party dominates politics. Single-party dictatorships are one-party states in which only the party in power is legalized, sometimes along with minor allied parties, and all opposition parties are banned. [[Dominant-party system|Dominant-party dictatorships]] or electoral authoritarian dictatorships are one-party dictatorships in which opposition parties are nominally legal but cannot meaningfully influence government. Single-party dictatorships were most common during the Cold War, with dominant-party dictatorships becoming more common after the fall of the Soviet Union.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last1=Magaloni |first1=Beatriz |last2=Kricheli |first2=Ruth |date=2010 |title=Political Order and One-Party Rule |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |volume=13 |pages=123–143 |doi=10.1146/annurev.polisci.031908.220529|doi-access=free }}</ref> Ruling parties in one-party dictatorships are distinct from political parties that were created to serve a dictator in that the ruling party in a one-party dictatorship permeates every level of society.{{sfn|Ezrow|Frantz|2011|pp=39–42}}

One-party dictatorships are more stable than other forms of authoritarian rule, as they are less susceptible to insurgency and see higher economic growth. Ruling parties allow a dictatorship to more broadly influence the populace and facilitate political agreement between party elites. Between 1950 and 2016, one-party dictatorships made up 57% of authoritarian regimes in the world,<ref name=":4" /> and one-party dictatorships have continued to expand more quickly than other forms of dictatorship in the latter half of the 20th century.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Magaloni |first1=Beatriz |last2=Kricheli |first2=Ruth |date=2010-05-01 |title=Political Order and One-Party Rule |journal=Annual Review of Political Science |language=en |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=123–143 |doi=10.1146/annurev.polisci.031908.220529 |issn=1094-2939|doi-access=free }}</ref> Due to the structure of their leadership, one-party dictatorships are significantly less likely to face civil conflict, insurgency, or terrorism than other forms of dictatorship.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Fjelde |first=Hanne |date=2010 |title=Generals, Dictators, and Kings: Authoritarian Regimes and Civil Conflict, 1973—2004 |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0738894210366507 |journal=Conflict Management and Peace Science |language=en |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=195–218 |doi=10.1177/0738894210366507 |s2cid=154367047 |issn=0738-8942}}</ref><ref name="Terrorism In Dictatorships">{{Cite journal |last1=Aksoy |first1=Deniz |last2=Carter |first2=David B. |last3=Wright |first3=Joseph |date=2012-07-01 |title=Terrorism In Dictatorships |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1017/S0022381612000400 |journal=The Journal of Politics |volume=74 |issue=3 |pages=810–826 |doi=10.1017/S0022381612000400 |s2cid=153412217 |issn=0022-3816}}</ref> The use of ruling parties also provides more legitimacy to its leadership and elites than other forms of dictatorship<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Pinto |first=António Costa |date=2002 |title=Elites, Single Parties and Political Decision-making in Fascist-era Dictatorships |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/contemporary-european-history/article/abs/elites-single-parties-and-political-decisionmaking-in-fascistera-dictatorships/B0B01AD1C565221CC855FA1B2B2FDE6B |journal=Contemporary European History |language=en |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=429–454 |doi=10.1017/S0960777302003053 |s2cid=154994824 |issn=1469-2171}}</ref> and facilitates a peaceful transfer of power at the end of a dictator's rule.{{sfn|Ezrow|Frantz|2011|p=200}}

One-party dictatorships became prominent in Asia and Eastern Europe during the Cold War as communist governments were installed in several countries.{{sfn|Ezrow|Frantz|2011|pp=39–42}} One-party rule also developed in several countries in Africa during decolonization in the 1960s and 1970s, some of which produced authoritarian regimes.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Darkwa |first=Samuel Kofi |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-14667-1 |title=Jerry John Rawlings: Leadership and Legacy: A Pan-African Perspective |date=2022 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |isbn=978-3-031-14666-4 |editor-last=Kumah-Abiwu |editor-first=Felix |location=Cham |pages=37–38 |language=en |chapter=One-Party Rule and Military Dictatorship in Africa |doi=10.1007/978-3-031-14667-1 |s2cid=253840274 |editor-last2=Abidde |editor-first2=Sabella Ogbobode}}</ref> A ruling party in a one-party dictatorship may rule under any ideology or it may have no guiding ideology. Marxist one-party states are sometimes distinguished from other one-party states, but they function similarly.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lidén |first=Gustav |date=2014 |title=Theories of dictatorships: sub-types and explanations |url=https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/39064 |journal=Studies of the Transition States and Societies |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=50–67 |issn=1736-8758}}</ref> When a one-party dictatorship develops gradually through legal means, it can result in conflict between the party organization and the state apparatus and [[civil service]], as the party rules in parallel and increasingly appoints its members to positions of power. Parties that take power through violence are often able to implement larger changes in a shorter period.<ref name=":5" />