Editing Demographics of Réunion (section)

==Ethnic groups==
{{See also|Cafres|Indo-Réunionnais|Malbars|Chinois (Réunion)}}
[[File:Manapany.jpg|thumb|[[Manapany]]]]

Ethnic groups present include people of [[White people|European]], [[African diaspora|African]], [[Malagasy people|Malagasy]], [[Réunionnais of Indian origin|Indians]] and [[Chinois (Réunion)|Chinese]] origin as well as many of [[mixed race]]. Local names for these are used: Yabs, [[Cafres]], [[Malbars]] and [[Zarabes]] (both [[Indo-Réunionnais|ethnic groups of Indian origin]]) and [[Chinois (Réunion)|Chinois]].

The proportion of people of each ethnicity is not known exactly, since the [[Constitution of France|1958 constitution]] bans questions about ethnicity in compulsory censuses in France.<ref>{{cite journal|ssrn=1236362 |title=SSRN-Why France Needs to Collect Data on Racial Identity - In a French Way by David Oppenheimer |publisher=Papers.ssrn.com |date= 2008-08-20|last1=Oppenheimer |first1=David B. }}</ref> Long-established and ongoing intermarriage also blurs the issue. People of primarily African descent make up 35% of the population, those of primarily European and Indian descent number about one-quarter each, and people of Chinese, Malay, Vietnamese descent, along with those identifying as Métis, form roughly 15%.<ref>{{cite web |title=La Réunion Métisse |author=Clicanoo |url=http://www.clicanoo.com/index.php?id_article=97657&page=article}}</ref><ref name="advan">{{cite journal |title=Anthropometric evaluations of body composition of undergraduate students at the University of La Réunion |journal=Advances in Physiology Education |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=248–253 |doi=10.1152/advan.00069.2005 |pmid=17108254 |year=2006 |last1=Tarnus |first1=Evelyne |last2=Bourdon |first2=Emmanuel |s2cid=19474655 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.religiousintelligence.co.uk/country/?CountryID=151] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228041609/http://www.religiousintelligence.co.uk/country/?CountryID=151|date=February 28, 2008}}</ref>

People of [[Tamil people|Tamil]] origin make up the majority of the [[Indo-Réunionnais]] people about 12%-13% of the island's population; [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]], [[Bihari people|Bihari]] and other origins form the remainder of the population. The island's community of [[Muslim]]s from modern region of [[Pakistan]] and [[North India]] and elsewhere is also commonly referred to as [[Zarabes]].

[[Réunionnais Creole people|Creoles]] (a name given to those born on the island, of various ethnic origins), make up the majority of the population. Groups that are not creole include people from [[Metropolitan France]] (known as [[Zoreilles]]) and those from [[Mayotte]] and the [[Comoros]].

=== Genetics ===
In 2005, a genetic study on the racially mixed people of Réunion found the following.
For maternal ([[mitochondrial DNA|mitochondrial]]) DNA, the haplogroups are Indian (44%), East Asian (27%), European/Middle Eastern (19%) or African (10%). The Indian lineages are [[Haplogroup M (mtDNA)|M2]], [[Haplogroup M (mtDNA)|M6]] and [[Haplogroup U (mtDNA)#Haplogroup U2|U2i]], the East Asian ones are [[Haplogroup E (mtDNA)|E1]], [[Haplogroup D (mtDNA)|D5a]], [[Haplogroup M (mtDNA)|M7c]], and [[Haplogroup F (mtDNA)|F]] (E1 and M7c also found only in South East Asia and in Madagascar), the European/Middle Eastern ones are [[Haplogroup U (mtDNA)#Haplogroup U2|U2e]], [[Haplogroup T (mtDNA)|T1]], [[Haplogroup J (mtDNA)|J]], [[Haplogroup H (mtDNA)|H]], and [[Haplogroup I (mtDNA)|I]], and the African ones are [[Haplogroup L1 (mtDNA)|L1b1]], [[Haplogroup L2 (mtDNA)#Haplogroup L2a1|L2a1]], [[Haplogroup L3 (mtDNA)|L3b]], and [[Haplogroup L3 (mtDNA)|L3e1]].<ref name="admixture"/>

For paternal ([[Y-chromosome]]) DNA, the haplogroups are European/Middle Eastern (85%) or East Asian (15%). The European lineages are [[R1b]] and [[Haplogroup I (Y-DNA)|I]], the Middle Eastern one [[Haplogroup E1b1b (Y-DNA)#E1b1b1c (E-M123)|E1b1b1c (formerly E3b3)]] (also found in Northeast Africa), and the East Asian ones are [[R1a]] (found in many parts of the world including Europe and Central and Southern Asia but the particular sequence has been found in Asia) and [[Haplogroup O3 (Y-DNA)|O3]].<ref name="admixture">{{cite journal |title=Admixture and Sexual Bias in the Population Settlement of La Réunion Island (Indian Ocean) |author=Gemma Berniell-Lee |author2=Stéphanie Plaza |author3=Elena Bosch |author4=Francesc Calafell |author5=Eric Jourdan |author6=Maya Cesari |author7=Gérard Lefranc |author8=David Comas |name-list-style=amp |year=2008 |doi=10.1002/ajpa.20783 |pmid=18186507 |publisher=WILEY-LISS, INC. |journal=American Journal of Physical Anthropology |volume=136 |issue=1 |pages=100–107 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117884399/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130105065559/http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117884399/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-01-05 |access-date=2010-07-09}}</ref>