Editing Demographics of Gibraltar (section)

===Portuguese===
[[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] were one of the earliest groups to move to Gibraltar, especially from the [[Algarve]] region in the far south of [[Portugal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=A emigração de Algarvios para Gibraltar e Sudoeste da Andaluzia |url=https://biblioteca.cm-albufeira.pt/cgi-bin/koha/opac-imageviewer.pl?biblionumber=10381%20thumbnail-shelfbrowser}}</ref> Most of them went to work as labourers and some as traders. Their number increased significantly during the 18th century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quarantine against Portuguese ports |jstor=41450744 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/41450744.pdf}}</ref> Interestingly, in 1814 out of 49 lightermen, 43 were from Portugal and they were part of a community comprising around 650 working men aged 17 and above.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Archer |first=E. G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Id8HlV3ad5wC&dq=%22portuguese%22+%22gibraltar%22&pg=PA41 |title=Gibraltar, Identity and Empire |date=2013-01-11 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-00550-3 |language=en}}</ref> A notable example of the Portuguese presence in Gibraltair is the existence, in the territory, of an example of [[Portuguese pavement|calçada portuguesa]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Andreia |date=2021-11-15 |title=Estremadura reconhece a calçada portuguesa em Badajoz |url=https://eltrapezio.eu/es/la-raya/estremadura-reconhece-a-calcada-portuguesa-em-badajoz_25401.html |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=El Trapezio |language=es-ES}}</ref>

A further increase in the community occurred when many Spaniards left their jobs in Gibraltar after [[Francisco Franco|General Franco]] closed the border in 1969. In the 1970s and 1980s many Portuguese worked in Gibraltar, especially in construction.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Hugo |date=2016-02-23 |title=Aeroclube do Algarve seeks to rebuild itself to continue serving the region |url=http://www.sulinformacao.pt/en/2016/02/aeroclube-do-algarve-procura-reerguer-se-para-continuar-ao-servico-da-regiao/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Sul Informação |language=en}}</ref> Even today many Portuguese still live in the territory and many are still working in the construction sector, both working inbuilding sites and importing material from Portugal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-31 |title='Brexit'. "Londres sabe que Gibraltar precisa de um vínculo pragmático com a União Europeia" |url=https://expresso.pt/internacional/2020-08-31-Brexit.-Londres-sabe-que-Gibraltar-precisa-de-um-vinculo-pragmatico-com-a-Uniao-Europeia |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Expresso |language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Romaguera |first=Cándido |date=2013-10-23 |title=Gibraltar sidesteps Spanish import embargo for land reclamation works |url=https://english.elpais.com/elpais/2013/10/23/inenglish/1382549617_844642.html |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=EL PAÍS English |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-18 |title=Trabalhadores portugueses do setor da construção civil em Gibraltar contagiados |url=https://www.dn.pt/internacional/trabalhadores-portugueses-do-setor-da-construcao-civil-em-gibraltar-contagiados-14331971.html |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.dn.pt |language=pt-PT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Portugueses no Mundo de 29 jan 2019 - RTP Play - RTP |url=https://www.rtp.pt/play/p518/e386924/portugueses-no-mundo |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=RTP Play |language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Comércio Internacional de mercadorias de Portugal |url=https://www.gee.gov.pt/pt/lista-publicacoes/estatisticas-de-comercio-bilateral/gibraltar/1562-comercio-internacional-de-portugal-com-gibraltar/file}}</ref> As of 2023, for instance, a Portuguese company was in charge of building the tallest building in Gibraltar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portuguese group builds tallest building in Gibraltar |url=https://www.theportugalnews.com/news/2023-09-16/portuguese-group-builds-tallest-building-in-gibraltar/81260 |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.theportugalnews.com |language=en}}</ref>

About 10% of last names in Gibraltar have Portuguese origin; the Portuguese are part of a wider Portuguese-speaking community comprising also [[Luso-Indian]]s and [[Brazilian diaspora|Brazilians]].<ref>Archer, Edward G.: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C&dq=archer+identity+empire+gibraltar&pg=PP1 ''Gibraltar, identity and empire''], page 41. Routledge Advances in European Politics.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Oureana |first=Fundação Historico Cultural |date=2023-09-21 |title=Fundação Oureana recordou em Gibraltar os 80 anos da morte do General Władysław Sikorski, Primeiro-Ministro da Polônia |url=https://www.fundacaooureana.pt/2023/09/21/4467/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Fundação Histórico-Cultural Oureana |language=pt-PT}}</ref> Moreover, today there are around 500 Portuguese who live in [[La Línea de la Concepción]] and commute to Gibraltar for work every day.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lusa |first=Agência |title=Brexit. Pairam incertezas em ambos os lados da fronteira de Gibraltar |url=https://observador.pt/2018/12/10/brexit-pairam-incertezas-em-ambos-os-lados-da-fronteira-de-gibraltar/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Observador |language=pt-PT}}</ref> A notable Luso-Gibraltarian is football player [[Bernardo Lopes]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bernardo Lopes é português mas representa seleção de Gibraltar: "Sinto-me em casa" |url=https://www.record.pt/internacional/detalhe/bernardo-lopes-e-portugues-mas-representa-selecao-de-gibraltar-sinto-me-em-casa |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.record.pt |language=pt-PT}}</ref>