Editing Deer Lodge, Montana (section)

===Montana Territory===
By 1861–1862, Spanish Fork was more often referred to as Cottonwood.{{sfn|A Son of the Fur Trade|2008|p = 99}}{{sfn|History of Montana:1739-1885|1885|p = 560}} In 1862, a Deer Lodge Town Committee was established to lay out the town site, to be called LaBarge City - after [[Missouri River]] steamboat Captain Joseph LaBarge whose firm, LaBarge, Harkness & Company,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://shsmo.org/historicmissourians/name/l/labarge/ | title = Joseph LaBarge (1815-1899) | website = shsmo.org | publisher = The State Historical Society of Missouri | access-date =July 7, 2016 }}</ref> had proposed to start a business in Cottonwood.{{Efn|Capt. LaBarge's partner, James Harkness, embarked from [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]] to Fort Benton to Cottonwood/Deer Lodge City in 1862 to explore business possibilities. After spending a week in the valley, he dropped the idea and returned to St. Louis.{{sfn|Contributions to the Historical Society, II|1896|pp = 343-361}}}}{{Efn|[[La Barge, Wyoming]] is named for Capt. LaBarge's father.}}   Creation of Idaho Territory in 1863 induced a name change to Idaho City.{{sfn|Where It All Began|1989|p = 117}} With the 1864 designation of Montana Territory, Deer Lodge City became the choice. Montana's first territorial legislature defined most of the boundaries of [[Deer Lodge County]], establishing the county seat at the placer mining camp of Silver Bow City, near Butte. In September 1865, county voters transferred the seat to Deer Lodge City.{{sfn|History of Montana:1739-1885|1885|p = 560}}<ref name = "Contributions to the Historical Society, II">{{Cite book|author=Officers and Members|year=1896|title=Contributions to the Historical Society of Montana|volume=II|location=Helena, Montana|publisher=State Publishing Company|ref = CITEREFContributions_to_the_Historical_Society,_II1896}}, p. 65</ref>

During the first half of the 1860s, Granville Stuart described valley social life as including many gay dances and parties,{{sfn|Where It All Began|1989|pp = 186-187}} which was the way of the Metis.{{sfn|A Son of the Fur Trade|2008|loc= Chapter 47}} By 1866, Johnny Grant and many of his fellow Metis had become disenchanted with their increasingly numerous neighbors from "the States".{{sfn|A Son of the Fur Trade|2008|loc= Chapter 41}} In that year, Grant sold most of his Deer Lodge Valley holdings to [[Conrad Kohrs]] and in 1867 led a mass exodus of Metis families to the [[Red River of the North|Red River country]] of [[Manitoba, Canada]].{{sfn|A Son of the Fur Trade|2008|loc= Chapter 41 & 50}}{{efn|Grant reported that his party had 62 wagons, 12 carts and about 500 horses. There were 106 men plus their families. People were bound variously for Manitoba or for "the states"{{sfn|A Son of the Fur Trade|2008|p = 170}}}}{{efn|A large and well-armed force was considered necessary as they were passing through territory controlled by [[Blackfoot Confederacy|Blackfeet]] and [[Sioux]].}}

In 1869, the [[Montana State Prison#Territorial prison|Territorial Prison]] was located at Deer Lodge.{{sfn|Where It All Began|1989|p = 148, 232}} Also that year, the town site plat for Deer Lodge City was recorded.<ref name = "Where It All Began" /> In 1878, [[College of Montana|Montana Collegiate Institute]] was established at Deer Lodge City. It opened for classes in 1883 and closed in 1914.{{sfn|Where It All Began|1989|pp = 137-141}}

Attorney [[William H. Clagett|Horace Clagett]], of the Deer Lodge firm Clagett and Dixon, was elected [[United States congressional delegations from Montana#Delegates from Montana Territory|U.S. Representative from Montana Territory]] for the 1871–73 term. He was defeated for reelection by [[Martin Maginnis]]. Clagett was noted for introducing the legislation establishing [[Yellowstone National Park]]. Clagett's partner, [[William W. Dixon]], later moved to Butte and upset [[Thomas H. Carter]] in 1891 to serve a single term as [[United States congressional delegations from Montana#Members of the United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative from the State of Montana]].

Clagett and Dixon platted the first addition to Deer Lodge City in 1872.<ref>{{Cite news | title = TWO LOTS EACH...FRONTING ON Second Street...Clagett and Dixon's addition | newspaper = New North West | location = Deer Lodge, Montana | date = July 20, 1872}}</ref> Perhaps its most prominent building was the former St. Joseph's Hospital.{{efn|W. B. Dance's addition was also platted in 1872.}}