Editing Death squad (section)

=== Africa ===

==== Egypt ====
{{Main|Extrajudicial executions in Egypt}}
The [[Iron Guard of Egypt]] was a pro-palace political movement or a secret palace organization of the [[Kingdom of Egypt]] which assassinated [[Farouk of Egypt]]'s enemies or a secret unit with a licence to kill, which was believed to personally take orders from Farouk. It was involved in several deadly incidents.

==== Ivory Coast ====
Death squads are reportedly active in this country.<ref name="planetark.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/30001/story.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050318180603/https://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/30001/story.htm |title=Villagers Tortured to Death in Ivory Coast Park – UN |publisher=Planet Ark |date=18 March 2005 |archivedate=18 March 2005 |url-status=usurped |access-date=22 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="Soro">{{cite web|title=Soro Guillaume et son escadron de la mort|website=Afrik.com|url=https://www.afrik.com/soro-guillaume-et-son-escadron-de-la-mort|date=2004-02-17|access-date=6 May 2020|archive-date=9 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509074155/https://www.afrik.com/soro-guillaume-et-son-escadron-de-la-mort|url-status=live}}</ref>

This has been condemned by the US<ref name="Ivory Coast">{{cite web |url=http://www.genocide-watch.com/cotedivoire.html |title=Ivory Coast |publisher=Genocidewatch.org |access-date=22 February 2022 |archive-date=4 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404161640/http://www.genocide-watch.com/cotedivoire.html |url-status=live }}</ref> but appears to be difficult to stop. Moreover, there is no proof as to who is behind the killings.<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A45644-2005Jan28.html | newspaper=The Washington Post | title=Ivory Coast First Lady Leads Death Squad, Report Alleges | first=Colum | last=Lynch | date=29 January 2005 | access-date=1 May 2010 | archive-date=4 November 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104084526/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A45644-2005Jan28.html | url-status=live }}</ref>

In an interview with the Pan-African magazine "Jeune Afrique", [[Laurent Gbagbo]] accused one of the opposition leaders, [[Alassane Ouattara]] (ADO), to be the main organizer of the media frenzy around his wife's involvement in the killing squads. He also successfully sued and won, in French courts, in cases against the French newspapers that made the accusations.<ref name="jeune_afrique">{{cite web|title=Les vérités de Gbagbo|url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/LIN16097lesvrobgabg0/les-verites-de-gbagbo.-Actualite_Info.html|website=Jeuneafrique.com|date=2007-09-18|access-date=16 September 2010|archive-date=5 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105010035/https://www.jeuneafrique.com/96828/archives-thematique/les-v-rit-s-de-gbagbo/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Kenya ====
In December 2014, Kenyan Anti-Terrorism Police Unit officers confessed to ''[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al-Jazeera]]'' that they were responsible for almost 500 of the [[extrajudicial killing]]s. The murders reportedly totalled several hundred homicides every year. They included the assassination of Abubaker Shariff Ahmed "Makaburi", an [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]] associate from Kenya, who was among 21 [[Islamic extremism|Islamic extremists]] allegedly murdered by the Kenyan police force since 2012. According to the agents, they resorted to the killing after the [[Kenya Police]] could not successfully prosecute terror suspects. In doing so, the officers indicated that they were acting on the direct orders of Kenya's National Security Council, which consisted of the Kenyan President, Deputy President, Chief of the Defence Forces, Inspector General of Police, National Security Intelligence Service Director, Cabinet Secretary of Interior, and Principal Secretary of Interior. Kenyan President [[Uhuru Kenyatta]] and the National Security Council of Kenya members denied operating an extrajudicial assassination program. Additionally, the officers suggested that Western security agencies provided intelligence for the program, including the whereabouts and activities of government targets- alleging that the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British government]] supplied further logistics in the form of equipment and training. One Kenyan officer within the council's General Service Unit also indicated that Israeli instructors taught them how to kill. The head of the [[International Bar Association]], [[Mark Ellis (lawyer)|Mark Ellis]], cautioned that any such involvement by foreign nations would constitute a breach of international law. The United Kingdom and Israel denied participation in the Kenyan National Security Council's reported death squads, with the [[Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office|UK Foreign Office]] indicating that it had approached the Kenyan authorities over the charges.<ref name="Kctpctejk">{{cite news|title=Kenyan counter-terrorism police confess to extra judicial killings|url=http://www.modernghana.com/news/585087/1/kenyan-counter-terrorism-police.html|access-date=18 January 2015|agency=Al Jazeera Africa|date=7 December 2014|archive-date=20 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220054020/http://www.modernghana.com/news/585087/1/kenyan-counter-terrorism-police.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== South Africa ====
Beginning in the 1960s, the [[African National Congress]] (ANC), their ally, the [[South African Communist Party]] (SACP), and the [[Pan Africanist Congress of Azania|Pan-Africanist Congress]] (PAC), began a campaign to topple South Africa's [[National Party (South Africa)|National Party]] (NP)-controlled [[Apartheid]] Government. Both the ANC's armed wing, [[Umkhonto we Sizwe]] (MK), and South African security forces routinely engaged in bombings and targeted killings, both at home and abroad. Particularly notorious death squads used by the apartheid government included the [[Civil Cooperation Bureau]] (CCB) and the [[South African Police]]'s counter-insurgency unit C10, commanded by Colonel [[Eugene de Kock]] and based at the [[Vlakplaas]] farm west of [[Pretoria]], itself also a center for [[torture]] of prisoners.

After the end of Apartheid, death squad violence conducted by both the National Party and the ANC was investigated by the [[Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Africa)|Truth and Reconciliation Commission]].

==== Uganda ====

From 1971 to 1979, Ugandan dictator [[Idi Amin]] set up death squads to murder enemies of the state.